metal

27問 • 2年前

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• isasoft,nonmagneticsilverymetal • characterizedbyitslightweight(1/3thatofiron,brass or copper) • lowmeltingpoint • highthermalandelectricalconductivity(surpassed only by silver and copper) • moderatelyhighcoefficientofexpansion

ALUMINUM

rod - bar - extrusion - casting - sheet - strip, et

is the process of shaping material by forcing it to flow through a shaped opening in a die.

EXTRUSION

is a term applied to certain aluminum products, refers to the protective coating (cladding) applied, primarily for corrosion resistance, to thin sheets of an alloy whose corrosion resistance has been decreased by the constituents added to give strength and other characteristics.

ALCLAD

used for roofing, flashing, gutter, et

ALUMINUM SHEET AND STRIP

rolledtoathicknessof0.005” (above 0.005” it is technically considered to be sheet), used mainly for thermal insulation and vapor barriers

ALUMINUM FOIL

comprises a system of construction called skin construction.

SANDWICH PANEL

obtained by grinding polishing, scratching, sandblasting, embossing, or other treatment of the surface to achieve a desired effect or to provide a base for other fi

MECHANICAL FINISHES

based on chemical reactions with the aluminum surface to achieve one of the following results:

CHEMICAL FINISHES

Commonly referred to as anodized finishes, these finishes are based on the specific ability of aluminum to develop a protective coating of oxide on its surface.

ELECTROLYTIC FINISHES

Aluminum can be covered with a protective or decorative film or another metal, usually by electrodeposition. In the case of copper and nickel, the coating should be complete and unbroken; otherwise there will be galvanic action which is destructive to aluminum.

ELECTROPLATING

This finish forms a hard, resistant surface. It is available in a broad color range that creates a different feeling in that colors are glassy, whereas anodic color is metallic in nature.

PORCELAIN

lacquer and enamel can be applied as finishes to aluminum surfaces that have been prepared by a suitable chemical treatment finish. Lead base paints must not be used on aluminum.

PAINT

tough, • malleablesilvery-white metal that is • softandductileascopper • itiseasilymagnetized • isthemostmagnetically permeable of the metals • itoxidizesrapidlyinair and is readily attacked by most acids.

IRON

refers usually to plain carbon steels which is defined as alloys of iron and carbon which do not contain more than 2% carbon and which are made in malleable or ingot form. • In the plain or straight carbon steels the iron is always in excess of 95%.

STEEL

This is a medium carbon steel with its carbon content controlled to give both the strength and ductility necessary for its use.

STRUCTURAL STEEL

Steel sheet is made from low carbon steels generally containing about 0.15% carbon and not exceeding 0.25% carbon. Strip by definition is sheet material that is 12” or less wide. It is used in fabricated form as decking galvanized sheet, expanded metal, panels and sandwich panels, and as a base metal for porcelain enamel

SHEET AND STRIP

This is rigidized sheet fabricated from low-carbon cold or hot-rolled steel sheets which are either galvanized or covered with some type of bituminous coating. If galvanized, corrugated steel is silvery in color and has a glittering frosted surface. It is generally available in 18, 20, 22. 24, and 26 gauge sheet and strip

CORRUGATED STEEL

generally used in architecture are highly alloyed steels that contain more than 10% chromium. They are characterized by their resistance to heat, oxidation and corrosion. They are used where corrosion resistance, durability, and minimum of maintenance is necessary principally for exterior and interior wall finishes, doors, windows, trims, railings, signs and letters, appliances, etc.

STAINLESS STEEL

isductile,malleable,nonmagneticmetalwitha characteristic bright, reddish brown color. • hasthehighestelectricalandthermal conductivity of any substances except silver. • Copperusefulalloyshaveenoughstrengthfor minor structural work • easilyworked. • Itisattackedbyalkalisandmanyofthecommon acids.

COPPER

is a soft, ductile, malleable, bluish-white metal. • Because it is normally covered with a thin film of stannic oxide, it resists corrosion by air, moisture, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide (which usually tarnishes and corrodes other metals).

TIN

is medium hard, bluish-white metal • ischaracterizedbybrittlenessandlowstrength. • isreadilyattackedbyacidsandalkalis. • Itisresistanttocorrosionbywater.Onexposureto air, a film of zinc carbonate or oxide forms which protects zinc from further oxidation.

ZINC

fundamentallyanalloyofcopperandzincwith small quantities of other elements sometimes added to give the special qualities. • Thecopper-zincproportionsmayvaryfrom95% copper and 5% zinc to 55% copper and 45% zinc.

BRASS

sanalloyofcopperandtin which varies only slightly from 90% copper and 10% tin composition.

BRONZE

isasteel-whitemetalwhich takes a brilliant polish and is harder than cobalt or nickel. • Itisnonmagneticatordinary temperatures but becomes magnetic at 13F.

CHROMIUM

isaninertsilverymetal isresistanttostrongalkalis and to most acids. Itresemblesironin strength and toughness and copper in its resistance to oxidation and corrosion.

NICKEL

is available (1) extruded in the forms of pipe, rod, wire, ribbon, etc. (2) rolled into sheet, foil, strip, (3) cast. There are several grades of lead metal of which corroding lead, chemical lead and common desilverized lead are of interest to the architect. Corroding lead is used for fine white lead paints, red lead, litharge (see PAINT). Chemical lead and common desilverized are used for sheet, pipe, powdered lead, ribbon lead and alloys.

LEAD

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