physics 2

53問 • 1年前

Merve

通報

問題一覧

What is the role of Ca++ in the muscle contraction?

is combined with troponin

-In which part of the body the hydrostatic pressure of the blood is less?

In the brain

What behavior does the whole blood have?

pseudoplastic thixotropic

Lever system of scull with respect to neck is depicted in the picture. R is gravity force exerted on the scull, F - is extension force of back-bone muscle. Where a=6 sm, b=2 cm are the arms of forces F and R respectively. Compute force of muscle which is required to straight up position of head. Mass of head is 6 kg. (g=10 m/s2)

20 N

In what vessel the dynamic pressure of the blood is the greatest?

In the aorta

During propagation of action potential through the membranes:

the resistance to Na⁺ ions decreases

Difference between facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion:

in simple diffusion the rate of diffusion linear increases with concentration of substance, but in the case of facilitated diffusion, the rate of diffusion cannot rise greater than the Vmax level

What quantity of living cells can be determined by vibrating probe technique?

belli değil

What is the origin of extracellular electric fields and currents (directed and indirected electric currents) in biological organisms?

They can be generated directly as a result of ion transport in living cells or indirectly as a streaming potentials or even by piezoelectric effect

What contraction is said to be isotonic contraction?

when the muscle does shorten but the tension on the muscle remains constant through the contraction

The linear velocity of the blood

is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the vessel

The resting potential of the cell membrane approximately U = -80 mV. If consider, the electric field strength is homogeneous in the inner of the membrane, find the intensity of this field. The thickness of the membrane is l = 8 nm.

107 V/m

For person who is standing erect the blood pressure

above the heart in the head is lower than that it in the feet

What does the elastic limit represent?

reversible deformation up to given elastic limit

What process is termed by osmosis?

net movement of water caused by concentration difference of water is called osmosis

What physical quantity is registered as a function of time by the method of electrocardiography?

amplitude of electric field in joints

How change the blood viscosity during heavy physical work than normal state?

increases

By what important characteristics the protein channels are distinguished?

they are often selective permeable to certain substances and many of the channels can be opened or closed by gates regulated by electric signals (voltage-gated channels) or chemicals that bind to channel proteins (ligant-gated channels)

The movement feature of the blood in the capillaries:

erythrocytes are deformed, viscosity of the blood decreases

When the cross sectional area of the vessel increases 2 times, in the same vessel the pressure drop

decreases 4 times

Why osmotic pressure caused by nondissociated molecules depend on number of osmotic particles, not on the mass of the particles.

because large particles move at slower velocities, the small particles move at higher velocities

In what part of a muscular cell does the contraction site locate?

in the sarcomere

Where do Na+ and K+ ions move during active transport?

a transport process pumps sodium ions outward through the all membrane of all cells and at the same time pumps potassium ions from the outside to the inside

Flow of the blood in artery and in aortic valve:

Laminar in the arteries, in aortic valve – turbulent

What organ monitors movement and position of head?

vestibular system situated in the inner ear

What blood flow is able to produce noise?

the turbulent flow

How change the blood viscosity in the arterioles than aorta?

Decreases

What is the reason of power stroke (detachment) of the myosin's head from the actin's fiber?

free ATP

When the cross sectional area of the vessel decreases 2 times, in the same vessel the pressure drop

increases 4 times

hat causes the complecated structure of signals during electroencephelography?

To contrast to electrocardiography signals are certainly the result of collective neural activity in the brain

How the blood viscosity changes in capillaries in comparison with arteries?

decreases more than 10 times

The permeability (P) of membrane:

it is inversely proportional to membrane thickness

It is used the model of artificial bilipid membrane for study of the biological membrane structure and its function. If consider the artificial membrane thickness l = 3 nm, relative dielectric permeability ε=1, the area of membranne is 3 mm2, find the membrane electric capacity(ε0=8,85·10-12 F/m).

0,885 mcF/m2

At “Flip-flop” diffusion phospholipids:

pass from one layer to another

Why osmotic pressure caused by non-dissociated molecules depend on number of osmotic particles, not on the mass of the particles.

because large particles move at slower velocities, the small particles move at higher velocities

Compare the dynamic pressure of the blood in the capillary (Pk), in the arterioles (Part) and in the aorta (Pa):

Pk < Part < Pa

How does call the percentage of total volume of blood occupied by cells?

hematocrit

How does the pressure drop depend on the area of flow?

The larger area of flow the smaller the pressure drop

İn the expanding part of the vessels in compared to the norm

The static pressure of the blood increases, the dynamic pressure decreases

What causes the highest QRS signal during ECG (electrocardiography)

Due to higher action potential which is required for contraction of ventricles

What is the main idea of Einthoven triangle method?

Localization of the excited parts of the heart by detecting the potentials at three points on the body, which are more or less equidistant from the heart

Velocity of the pulse wave increases in the big vessels at constancy of any other parameters:

When elasticity modulus of vessel is increased

Reason for formation of the membrane potential difference:

a concentration difference of electrically charges of the different side of the membrane

Membrane conductivity of the squid axon for potassium ions at rest state:

greater comparing with conductivity of sodium ions

During diffusion the flow density of the substance according to Fick law is

directly proportional with concentration gradient of the substance

Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect in the large vessels leads

The erythrocytes to concentrate in regions of minimal shear stress, namely in the center of the vessel

The pressure which is measured by the ausculatory method is

pressures which corresponds to systolic and diastolic phases

When the cross sectional area of the vessel decreases 2 times, in the same vessel the pressure drop

increases 4 times

Which energy is spent during active transport?

the chemical

The distribution velocity of action potential in the myelinated cells depends on:

the resistance of Myelin layer

Electrocardiogram is the

Temporary dependence of voltage (potential difference) generated by heart

What is the efficiency of a muscle?

percentage of the input energy to muscle (the chemical energy in nutrients) can be converted into work instead of heat

What does anchored protein picked model represent?

it represents that close to cytoplasmatic leaflet actin membrane skeleton meshwork anchors with various transmembrane proteins

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physiology respiratory 1-50

Merve · 50問 · 1年前

physiology respiratory 1-50

micro 19-23

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問題一覧

What is the role of Ca++ in the muscle contraction?

is combined with troponin

-In which part of the body the hydrostatic pressure of the blood is less?

In the brain

What behavior does the whole blood have?

pseudoplastic thixotropic

20 N

In what vessel the dynamic pressure of the blood is the greatest?

In the aorta

During propagation of action potential through the membranes:

the resistance to Na⁺ ions decreases

Difference between facilitated diffusion and simple diffusion:

in simple diffusion the rate of diffusion linear increases with concentration of substance, but in the case of facilitated diffusion, the rate of diffusion cannot rise greater than the Vmax level

What quantity of living cells can be determined by vibrating probe technique?

belli değil

What is the origin of extracellular electric fields and currents (directed and indirected electric currents) in biological organisms?

They can be generated directly as a result of ion transport in living cells or indirectly as a streaming potentials or even by piezoelectric effect

What contraction is said to be isotonic contraction?

when the muscle does shorten but the tension on the muscle remains constant through the contraction

The linear velocity of the blood

is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the vessel

107 V/m

For person who is standing erect the blood pressure

above the heart in the head is lower than that it in the feet

What does the elastic limit represent?

reversible deformation up to given elastic limit

What process is termed by osmosis?

net movement of water caused by concentration difference of water is called osmosis

What physical quantity is registered as a function of time by the method of electrocardiography?

amplitude of electric field in joints

How change the blood viscosity during heavy physical work than normal state?

increases

By what important characteristics the protein channels are distinguished?

The movement feature of the blood in the capillaries:

erythrocytes are deformed, viscosity of the blood decreases

When the cross sectional area of the vessel increases 2 times, in the same vessel the pressure drop

decreases 4 times

Why osmotic pressure caused by nondissociated molecules depend on number of osmotic particles, not on the mass of the particles.

because large particles move at slower velocities, the small particles move at higher velocities

In what part of a muscular cell does the contraction site locate?

in the sarcomere

Where do Na+ and K+ ions move during active transport?

a transport process pumps sodium ions outward through the all membrane of all cells and at the same time pumps potassium ions from the outside to the inside

Flow of the blood in artery and in aortic valve:

Laminar in the arteries, in aortic valve – turbulent

What organ monitors movement and position of head?

vestibular system situated in the inner ear

What blood flow is able to produce noise?

the turbulent flow

How change the blood viscosity in the arterioles than aorta?

Decreases

What is the reason of power stroke (detachment) of the myosin's head from the actin's fiber?

free ATP

When the cross sectional area of the vessel decreases 2 times, in the same vessel the pressure drop

increases 4 times

hat causes the complecated structure of signals during electroencephelography?

To contrast to electrocardiography signals are certainly the result of collective neural activity in the brain

How the blood viscosity changes in capillaries in comparison with arteries?

decreases more than 10 times

The permeability (P) of membrane:

it is inversely proportional to membrane thickness

0,885 mcF/m2

At “Flip-flop” diffusion phospholipids:

pass from one layer to another

Why osmotic pressure caused by non-dissociated molecules depend on number of osmotic particles, not on the mass of the particles.

because large particles move at slower velocities, the small particles move at higher velocities

Compare the dynamic pressure of the blood in the capillary (Pk), in the arterioles (Part) and in the aorta (Pa):

Pk < Part < Pa

How does call the percentage of total volume of blood occupied by cells?

hematocrit

How does the pressure drop depend on the area of flow?

The larger area of flow the smaller the pressure drop

İn the expanding part of the vessels in compared to the norm

The static pressure of the blood increases, the dynamic pressure decreases

What causes the highest QRS signal during ECG (electrocardiography)

Due to higher action potential which is required for contraction of ventricles

What is the main idea of Einthoven triangle method?

Localization of the excited parts of the heart by detecting the potentials at three points on the body, which are more or less equidistant from the heart

Velocity of the pulse wave increases in the big vessels at constancy of any other parameters:

When elasticity modulus of vessel is increased

Reason for formation of the membrane potential difference:

a concentration difference of electrically charges of the different side of the membrane

Membrane conductivity of the squid axon for potassium ions at rest state:

greater comparing with conductivity of sodium ions

During diffusion the flow density of the substance according to Fick law is

directly proportional with concentration gradient of the substance

Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect in the large vessels leads

The erythrocytes to concentrate in regions of minimal shear stress, namely in the center of the vessel

The pressure which is measured by the ausculatory method is

pressures which corresponds to systolic and diastolic phases

When the cross sectional area of the vessel decreases 2 times, in the same vessel the pressure drop

increases 4 times

Which energy is spent during active transport?

the chemical

The distribution velocity of action potential in the myelinated cells depends on:

the resistance of Myelin layer

Electrocardiogram is the

Temporary dependence of voltage (potential difference) generated by heart

What is the efficiency of a muscle?

percentage of the input energy to muscle (the chemical energy in nutrients) can be converted into work instead of heat

What does anchored protein picked model represent?

it represents that close to cytoplasmatic leaflet actin membrane skeleton meshwork anchors with various transmembrane proteins