physiology respiratory 1-50

50問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Identify a correspondence 1. At quiet breathing an increase of the thorax occurs due to muscles 2. At deep breathing an increase of the thorax occurs due to muscles a) major and minor pectoral muscles b) trapezius c) diaphragm d) external intercostals and intercartilage e) scalene

1-c,d; 2-a, b, e

Auxiliary respiratory muscles, participating in the deep inspiration: 1) scalene 2) external intercostals 3) major pectoral muscle 4) external intercostals and intercartilage 5) minor pectoral muscles 6) rhomboid 7) levator scapulae

1, 3, 5, 6, 7

Muscles, contracting at the deep expiration: 1) rectus abdominis 2) external intercostals 3) transverse muscle of abdomen 4) internal intercostals 5) obliques 6) trapezius

1,3,4,5

Elastic draught of the lungs is conditioned by: 1) low surface tension of the alveoli 2) high surface tension of the alveoli 3) decrease of pressure in the alveoli 4) tone of the bronchial muscles 5) presence of the elastic fibers in the alveolar tissue

1,4,5

The penetration of air into the pleural space is called:

pneumothorax

Sequence of processes, providing an inspiration: 1) increase of the thorax volume 2) decrease of the thorax volume 3) increase of the lungs volume 4) decrease of the lungs volume 5) decrease of pressure in the lungs 6) increase of pressure in the lungs 7) entering of air into the lungs due to difference of pressures

1,3,5,7

Identify a correspondence 1. Volumes that compose the vital capacity of the lungs 2. Volumes that form the functional residual capacity of the lungs a) tidal b) reserve inspiratory c) reserve expiratory d) residual

1-a, b, c; 2-c, d

Volumes that compose the vital capacity of the lungs: 1) minute 2) residual 3) tidal 4) minimal 5) reserve inspiratory 6) reserve expiratory 7) collapse

3,5,6

Identify a correspondence 1. Volumes that form the functional residual capacity of the lungs 2. Volumes that form the capacity of inspiration a) residual b) tidal c) reserve inspiratory d) reserve expiratory

1-a, d; 2-b, c

Functions of air pathways: 1) moistening of the inspiratory air 2) warming of air 3) complete gas exchange 4) purification from dust 5) bactericidal effect 6) elastic draught

1, 2, 4, 5

Identify a correspondence 1. Cough occurs at the irritation of receptors: 2. Sneezing occurs at the irritation of receptors: a) nasal cavity b) nasopharynx c) larynx d) trachea

1-b, c, d; 2-a

Identify a correspondence 1. Contraction of bronchi musculature is promoted by: 2. Relaxation of bronchi musculature is promoted by: a) parasympathetic nervous system b) sympathetic nervous system c) acetylcholine d) serotonin e) adrenalin

1-a, c; 2-b, d

In the bronchi muscles... predominate:

beta-adrenoreceptors

Driving motive of gas exchange is:

gradient of partial pressures of gases

Identify a correspondence 1. Oxygen is transported from the lungs to the tissues in the form of 2. Carbone dioxide is transported in the blood in the form of a) oxyhemoglobin b) carbohemoglobin c) carboxyhemoglobin d) bicarbonates

1-a; 2-b, d

At the local damaging of pneumotaxic centre it will be observed

bradypnea

The blood gaseous composition of the greater blood circulation is controlled by the receptors

aortic

At the transection above pons varolii the breathing:

is not changed

Cessation of inspiration and beginning of expiration is provoked mainly by influence from receptors:

stretch receptors

The contractions of respiratory muscles stop completely at:

separation of brain from the spinal cord at the level of upper cervical segments

In the regulation of inspiration velocity development mainly the receptors participate:

central and peripheral chemoreceptors

Receptor apparatus of carotid sinus controls the gaseous composition of:

arterial blood flowing to the brain the

Dyspnea (breathlessness) occurs at:

insufficiency or difficulty of breathing

Change of the cerebrospinal fluid constants provokes a change of sensitivity of the medulla oblongata central chemoreceptors at:

acidosis, hypercapnia

More dangerous for the organism is the state of:

simultaneously hypoxia and hypocapnea

Change of the lungs volume at quiet breathing provokes an excitation of receptors:

stretch

Contraction of the respiratory muscles stops completely at transsection of spinal cord at the level of segments:

upper cervical

Are not the effectors in regulation of depth and frequency of breathing

lungs alveoli

In the interstitial tissue of alveoli the receptors are situated:

juxtacapillary

At increasing of the interstitial fluid volume the receptors are excited in the lung tissue:

juxtacapillary

Activation of the respiratory centres and increasing of the pulmonary ventilation is provided by:

hypercapnia

At high altitude the gaseous homeostasis is kept owing to:

increasing of the erythrocytes number

The gaseous composition of blood flowing to the brain is controlled by the receptors:

carotid sinus

At sufficiently quick change of lungs volume, at irritation with the caustic substances, histamine, mucus, dusty particles the receptors are excited:

Birritant

Apnea after the voluntary hyperventilation is a result of:

hypocapnia

The gaseous composition of the cerebrospinal fluid is controlled by receptors of:

bulbar

After the voluntary delay of breathing the hyperpnea arises as a result of:

increase of CO2 tension in the blood

In the epithelial and subepithelial layers of the airways walls the receptors are situated:

irritant

Change of breathing characterized by destroying of frequency, deep and rhythm is called:

dyspnea

The volume of nasal cavity and nasopharynx, cavities of larynx, trachea and bronchi, alveoli without ventilation and blood supplying form:

physiological dead space

Insufficient content of oxygen in the organism tissues is called:

hypoxia

Amount of oxygen bounded by blood at the complete saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen is:

oxygen capacity of blood

The oxygen capacity of blood is called

maximal amount of oxygen bounded by blood at the complete saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen

Passage of gases from the lungs alveoli to the blood and back is realized by mechanism of:

diffusion

The average normal value of vital capacity of the lungs in male of average age is close to (ml):

4000

The average normal value of dead space volume is close to (ml):

150

Properties of alveolar air: 1) volume and gas composition are stable 2) volume and gas composition are unstable 3) gaseous composition of alveolar air is differed from the atmospheric air 4) stability of gas composition is regulated by amount of carbon dioxide 5) stability of gas composition is regulated by amount of oxygen 6) stability of gas composition is regulated by amount of nitrogen

1,3,4

In transportation of oxygen to the tissues by blood do not participate the processes:

combination of hemoglobin with carbone dioxide

Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + exspiratory reserve volume form:

vital capacity of the lungs

Increasing of the concentration of carbon dioxide, blood temperature, decreasing of blood pH, increasing of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate provoke:

decreasing of hemoglobin affinity to oxygen and shift of dissociation graph to right

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問題一覧

1-c,d; 2-a, b, e

1, 3, 5, 6, 7

Muscles, contracting at the deep expiration: 1) rectus abdominis 2) external intercostals 3) transverse muscle of abdomen 4) internal intercostals 5) obliques 6) trapezius

1,3,4,5

1,4,5

The penetration of air into the pleural space is called:

pneumothorax

1,3,5,7

1-a, b, c; 2-c, d

Volumes that compose the vital capacity of the lungs: 1) minute 2) residual 3) tidal 4) minimal 5) reserve inspiratory 6) reserve expiratory 7) collapse

3,5,6

1-a, d; 2-b, c

Functions of air pathways: 1) moistening of the inspiratory air 2) warming of air 3) complete gas exchange 4) purification from dust 5) bactericidal effect 6) elastic draught

1, 2, 4, 5

Identify a correspondence 1. Cough occurs at the irritation of receptors: 2. Sneezing occurs at the irritation of receptors: a) nasal cavity b) nasopharynx c) larynx d) trachea

1-b, c, d; 2-a

1-a, c; 2-b, d

In the bronchi muscles... predominate:

beta-adrenoreceptors

Driving motive of gas exchange is:

gradient of partial pressures of gases

1-a; 2-b, d

At the local damaging of pneumotaxic centre it will be observed

bradypnea

The blood gaseous composition of the greater blood circulation is controlled by the receptors

aortic

At the transection above pons varolii the breathing:

is not changed

Cessation of inspiration and beginning of expiration is provoked mainly by influence from receptors:

stretch receptors

The contractions of respiratory muscles stop completely at:

separation of brain from the spinal cord at the level of upper cervical segments

In the regulation of inspiration velocity development mainly the receptors participate:

central and peripheral chemoreceptors

Receptor apparatus of carotid sinus controls the gaseous composition of:

arterial blood flowing to the brain the

Dyspnea (breathlessness) occurs at:

insufficiency or difficulty of breathing

Change of the cerebrospinal fluid constants provokes a change of sensitivity of the medulla oblongata central chemoreceptors at:

acidosis, hypercapnia

More dangerous for the organism is the state of:

simultaneously hypoxia and hypocapnea

Change of the lungs volume at quiet breathing provokes an excitation of receptors:

stretch

Contraction of the respiratory muscles stops completely at transsection of spinal cord at the level of segments:

upper cervical

Are not the effectors in regulation of depth and frequency of breathing

lungs alveoli

In the interstitial tissue of alveoli the receptors are situated:

juxtacapillary

At increasing of the interstitial fluid volume the receptors are excited in the lung tissue:

juxtacapillary

Activation of the respiratory centres and increasing of the pulmonary ventilation is provided by:

hypercapnia

At high altitude the gaseous homeostasis is kept owing to:

increasing of the erythrocytes number

The gaseous composition of blood flowing to the brain is controlled by the receptors:

carotid sinus

At sufficiently quick change of lungs volume, at irritation with the caustic substances, histamine, mucus, dusty particles the receptors are excited:

Birritant

Apnea after the voluntary hyperventilation is a result of:

hypocapnia

The gaseous composition of the cerebrospinal fluid is controlled by receptors of:

bulbar

After the voluntary delay of breathing the hyperpnea arises as a result of:

increase of CO2 tension in the blood

In the epithelial and subepithelial layers of the airways walls the receptors are situated:

irritant

Change of breathing characterized by destroying of frequency, deep and rhythm is called:

dyspnea

The volume of nasal cavity and nasopharynx, cavities of larynx, trachea and bronchi, alveoli without ventilation and blood supplying form:

physiological dead space

Insufficient content of oxygen in the organism tissues is called:

hypoxia

Amount of oxygen bounded by blood at the complete saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen is:

oxygen capacity of blood

The oxygen capacity of blood is called

maximal amount of oxygen bounded by blood at the complete saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen

Passage of gases from the lungs alveoli to the blood and back is realized by mechanism of:

diffusion

The average normal value of vital capacity of the lungs in male of average age is close to (ml):

4000

The average normal value of dead space volume is close to (ml):

150

1,3,4

In transportation of oxygen to the tissues by blood do not participate the processes:

combination of hemoglobin with carbone dioxide

Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + exspiratory reserve volume form:

vital capacity of the lungs

Increasing of the concentration of carbon dioxide, blood temperature, decreasing of blood pH, increasing of 2,3 diphosphoglycerate provoke:

decreasing of hemoglobin affinity to oxygen and shift of dissociation graph to right