Ecology 2
問題一覧
1
The underlying foundation or basic framework (as of a system or organization)
Infrastructure
2
Interconnected network of natural and semi-natural landscape components capable fo providing multiple functions and ecosystem services
blue-green infrastructure
3
Network of core sites connected by buffer zones, wildlife corridors and smaller but still wildlife-rich sites. Mainly deals with the connectivitu of habitats to promote ecological functions. A spatial planning framework
ecological network
4
The introduction of harmful materials into the environment
pollution
5
Increase in concentration of a pollutant in an individual organism
bioaccumulation
6
Increase in concentration of a pollutant in a food chain
biomagnification
7
a species thriving outside its area if natural distribution at the expense of the integrity of the local ecosystem
exotic invasive species
8
Situation in which individuals with access to a public resource act in their own interest and, in doing so, ultimately deplete the resource
tragedy of the commons
9
Concerned with the equitable access to ecosytem services by people groups of various demographics
environmental justice
10
Long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns. Since the 1800s, humans have been the main drivers of it.
climate change
11
Lack of sureness about something. Environmental management often requires decision-making in the face of ____
uncertainty
12
A principle that enables decision-makers to adopt precautionary measures when scientific evidence about an environmental hzard is uncertain and the stakes are high
precautionary principle
13
A process and technique to identify and predict impacts of a planned activity upon the environment
environmental impact assessment
14
To ensure the attainment of environmental quality that is conducive to a life of dignity and recognizes the right of the people to a healthy environment
PD 1151 Philippine Environmental Policy of 1977
15
Establishes a system of integrated protected areas to protect the existence of all native plants and animals. Legal basis to conserve biodioversity in pursuit of sustainable development through management of selected protected areas
RA 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992
16
Establishment of buffer zones
ra 11038 expanded nipas act of 2018
17
Identified areas outside the boundaries of and immediately adjacent to designated protected areas that need special development control in order to avoid or minimize harm to the protected area. Larger surrounding coree areas and connectivity zones
buffer zones
18
A compromise between urban development and the protection and management of preserved biotopes is needed to support biodiveristy over time in core areas
buffer zone
19
Pursues the right of people to clean, breathable air. Puts forth the polluter’s pay principle. First mention of the term airshed
ra 8749
20
The volume over an area of land in which airborne chemicals travel to reach a particular river, lake, bay or other body of water given the area of the land surface
airshed
21
An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes
ra 9003 ecological solid waste management act of 2000
22
An act providing for a comprehensive water quality management and for other purposes. It aims to pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with the protection, preservation and revival of a quality of our fresh, brackish and marine waters.
ra 9275
23
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Public water supply class I - intended primarily for waters having watersheds, which are uninhabited and/or otherwise declared as protected areas, and which require only approved disinfection to meet the latest PNSDW
class aa
24
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Public water supply class II - intended as sources of water supply requiring conventional treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection) to meet the latest PNSDW
class a
25
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Recreational water supply class I - intented for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, etc.)
class b
26
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources
Recreationa water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities
For agriculture, irrigation and livestock watering
class c
27
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Navigable waters
class d
28
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Protected waters - waters designated as national or local marine parks, reserves, sanctuaries and other areas established by law (presidential proclamation 1801 and other existing laws), and/or declared as such by appropriate government agency, LGUs, etc.
Fishery water class I - suitable for shellfish harvesting for direct human consumption
class sa
29
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Fishery water class II - water suitable for commercial propagation of shellfish and intented as spawning areas for milkfish (chanos chanos) and similar species
Tourist zones - for ecotourism and recreational activities
Recreational water class I - intended for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, skin divingm etc.)
class sb
30
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Fishery water class III - for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources and intended for commercial and sustenance farming
Recreational water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities
Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries
class sc
31
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Navigable waters
class sd
32
To conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity. To regulate the collection and trade of wildlife. To pursue, with due regard to the national interest, the philippine commitment to international conventions, protection of wildlife and their habitats; and to initiate or support scientific studies on the conservation of biological diversity
ra 9147
33
To mainstream climate change, establish framework, and program of action. Creates the climate change commission
ra 9729
34
Climate change act of 2009
ra 9729
35
Philippine wildlife resources conservation and protection act
ra 9147
36
Philippine clean water act of 2004
ra 9275
37
Ecological solid waste management act of 2000
ra 9003
38
Philippine clean air act of 1999
ra 8749
39
Natinal integrated protected areas system act of 1992
ra 7586
40
Extended nipas act of 2018
ra 11038
41
Strengthens the drrm system and provide a drrm framework. Institutionalize drrm plan, and appropriate funds
ra 10121
42
Philippine disaster risk reduction and management act
ra 10121
43
The earth’s crust and upper mantle are made up of 80-100 km thick rigid plates which move slowly and conitnuosly over the interior of the earth. This movement results in pressure, separation or sliding at the plate edge. As the plates move, strain accumulates causing faults along the plate boundaries to slip abruptly
theory of tectonic plates
44
The resultant release of stress is called
earthquake
45
This theiry supposes that differential displacements within the earth’s crust create strains greater than the rock can endure. Ruptures occur and the rockrebounds along the fault until the strain is partly or completely relieved
elastic rebound theory
46
It describes the degree of shaking at a specified place. Most widely used scale is the modified mercalli scale (MM)
intensity
47
It is calculated from amplitude measurements, expressed in decimal numbers in a logarithmic scale. The most commonly used scale is the richtern (M) scale
magnitude
48
A fracture along which differential movement of rocks has occured
fault
49
Is defined as the differential movement of two sides of the fault at the earth’s surface
fault displacement
50
Refers to slow differential silppage of two sides of the fault
tectonic creep
51
Boundaries of plates
Where new plate material is added from the interior of the earth, usually found at the oceanic sea-floor rideges
divergent zones
52
Boundaries of plates
Where plates converge and the under-thrusting one is consumed. Usually occuring in various highly populated regions notably Japan and the western side of central and south america
subduction zones
53
Boundaries of plates
Former subduction zones where continents riding on plates are colliding
collision zones
54
Boundaries of plates
Where two plates are simply gliding past one another, with no addition or destruction of plate material
transform faults
55
Refers to the vibration of the ground occuring during an earthquake.
ground shaking
56
A phyical process that causes soil deposits to lose strength temporarily and behave as viscous fluids rather than solids
liquifaction
57
Refer to the generally horizontal movement of soil. Floodplains are vulnerable
lateral spreads
58
Most catastrophic type of ground failure caused by liquefaction. Can originate either underwater or on land masses. Underwater flows can cause tsunamis
flow failure
59
Can cause large building to settle and tip
loss of bearing strength
60
Is a complex affaur involving many people of many vocations, much information, many opinions and many decisions and actions
earthquake risk reduction
61
Is the probability that social or economic consequences of earthquakes will equal or exceed specified values at a site, at several sites, or in an area, during a soecified exposure time. Risk statements are thus given in quantitative terms
seismic risk
62
A physical phenomenon (e.g. ground shaking, ground failure) associated with an earthquake may produce adverse effects on human activities. Thus, it may be purely descriptive terms or quantitavely evaluated, depending on the needs of the situation
seismic hazard
63
The outcome of seismic hazard
seismic risk
64
Primary consequence of concern in earthquakes
human casualties
65
Physical consequences of earthquakes
death and injury, damage to the built and natural environments
66
The downward and outward mass movement of rock, soil, artificial fill, or a combination of these materials
landslides
67
Slope movement results from the action of ______ and ________ on geologic materials
gravity and climate
68
Slope processes
Where debris moves as coherent unit
mass movement
69
Slope processes
Where particles move as individuals, with little or no relation to other particles. Erosional processes cause by rain, waves, current, groundwater, and winds are generally considered to be __________
particle movements
70
3 pillars of sustainability
ecological, social, economic
71
Aims to recreate, initiate, or accelerate the recovery of an ecosystem that has been disturbed
ecological restoration
72
Takes a holistic view of the production, consumption, reuse/recycling, and disposal of a product to evaluate environmental impacts throughout its life cycle
life cycle thinking
73
Inventor of microscope, also pioneered studies of “food chains” and “population regulation”
Anton Van leeuwenhoek
74
Ecology was coined by
ernest haeckel 1869
RA 9053
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4回閲覧 • 38問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
The underlying foundation or basic framework (as of a system or organization)
Infrastructure
2
Interconnected network of natural and semi-natural landscape components capable fo providing multiple functions and ecosystem services
blue-green infrastructure
3
Network of core sites connected by buffer zones, wildlife corridors and smaller but still wildlife-rich sites. Mainly deals with the connectivitu of habitats to promote ecological functions. A spatial planning framework
ecological network
4
The introduction of harmful materials into the environment
pollution
5
Increase in concentration of a pollutant in an individual organism
bioaccumulation
6
Increase in concentration of a pollutant in a food chain
biomagnification
7
a species thriving outside its area if natural distribution at the expense of the integrity of the local ecosystem
exotic invasive species
8
Situation in which individuals with access to a public resource act in their own interest and, in doing so, ultimately deplete the resource
tragedy of the commons
9
Concerned with the equitable access to ecosytem services by people groups of various demographics
environmental justice
10
Long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns. Since the 1800s, humans have been the main drivers of it.
climate change
11
Lack of sureness about something. Environmental management often requires decision-making in the face of ____
uncertainty
12
A principle that enables decision-makers to adopt precautionary measures when scientific evidence about an environmental hzard is uncertain and the stakes are high
precautionary principle
13
A process and technique to identify and predict impacts of a planned activity upon the environment
environmental impact assessment
14
To ensure the attainment of environmental quality that is conducive to a life of dignity and recognizes the right of the people to a healthy environment
PD 1151 Philippine Environmental Policy of 1977
15
Establishes a system of integrated protected areas to protect the existence of all native plants and animals. Legal basis to conserve biodioversity in pursuit of sustainable development through management of selected protected areas
RA 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992
16
Establishment of buffer zones
ra 11038 expanded nipas act of 2018
17
Identified areas outside the boundaries of and immediately adjacent to designated protected areas that need special development control in order to avoid or minimize harm to the protected area. Larger surrounding coree areas and connectivity zones
buffer zones
18
A compromise between urban development and the protection and management of preserved biotopes is needed to support biodiveristy over time in core areas
buffer zone
19
Pursues the right of people to clean, breathable air. Puts forth the polluter’s pay principle. First mention of the term airshed
ra 8749
20
The volume over an area of land in which airborne chemicals travel to reach a particular river, lake, bay or other body of water given the area of the land surface
airshed
21
An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes
ra 9003 ecological solid waste management act of 2000
22
An act providing for a comprehensive water quality management and for other purposes. It aims to pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with the protection, preservation and revival of a quality of our fresh, brackish and marine waters.
ra 9275
23
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Public water supply class I - intended primarily for waters having watersheds, which are uninhabited and/or otherwise declared as protected areas, and which require only approved disinfection to meet the latest PNSDW
class aa
24
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Public water supply class II - intended as sources of water supply requiring conventional treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection) to meet the latest PNSDW
class a
25
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Recreational water supply class I - intented for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, etc.)
class b
26
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources
Recreationa water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities
For agriculture, irrigation and livestock watering
class c
27
Water body classification and usage of freshwater
Navigable waters
class d
28
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Protected waters - waters designated as national or local marine parks, reserves, sanctuaries and other areas established by law (presidential proclamation 1801 and other existing laws), and/or declared as such by appropriate government agency, LGUs, etc.
Fishery water class I - suitable for shellfish harvesting for direct human consumption
class sa
29
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Fishery water class II - water suitable for commercial propagation of shellfish and intented as spawning areas for milkfish (chanos chanos) and similar species
Tourist zones - for ecotourism and recreational activities
Recreational water class I - intended for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, skin divingm etc.)
class sb
30
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Fishery water class III - for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources and intended for commercial and sustenance farming
Recreational water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities
Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries
class sc
31
Water body classification and usage of marine waters
Navigable waters
class sd
32
To conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity. To regulate the collection and trade of wildlife. To pursue, with due regard to the national interest, the philippine commitment to international conventions, protection of wildlife and their habitats; and to initiate or support scientific studies on the conservation of biological diversity
ra 9147
33
To mainstream climate change, establish framework, and program of action. Creates the climate change commission
ra 9729
34
Climate change act of 2009
ra 9729
35
Philippine wildlife resources conservation and protection act
ra 9147
36
Philippine clean water act of 2004
ra 9275
37
Ecological solid waste management act of 2000
ra 9003
38
Philippine clean air act of 1999
ra 8749
39
Natinal integrated protected areas system act of 1992
ra 7586
40
Extended nipas act of 2018
ra 11038
41
Strengthens the drrm system and provide a drrm framework. Institutionalize drrm plan, and appropriate funds
ra 10121
42
Philippine disaster risk reduction and management act
ra 10121
43
The earth’s crust and upper mantle are made up of 80-100 km thick rigid plates which move slowly and conitnuosly over the interior of the earth. This movement results in pressure, separation or sliding at the plate edge. As the plates move, strain accumulates causing faults along the plate boundaries to slip abruptly
theory of tectonic plates
44
The resultant release of stress is called
earthquake
45
This theiry supposes that differential displacements within the earth’s crust create strains greater than the rock can endure. Ruptures occur and the rockrebounds along the fault until the strain is partly or completely relieved
elastic rebound theory
46
It describes the degree of shaking at a specified place. Most widely used scale is the modified mercalli scale (MM)
intensity
47
It is calculated from amplitude measurements, expressed in decimal numbers in a logarithmic scale. The most commonly used scale is the richtern (M) scale
magnitude
48
A fracture along which differential movement of rocks has occured
fault
49
Is defined as the differential movement of two sides of the fault at the earth’s surface
fault displacement
50
Refers to slow differential silppage of two sides of the fault
tectonic creep
51
Boundaries of plates
Where new plate material is added from the interior of the earth, usually found at the oceanic sea-floor rideges
divergent zones
52
Boundaries of plates
Where plates converge and the under-thrusting one is consumed. Usually occuring in various highly populated regions notably Japan and the western side of central and south america
subduction zones
53
Boundaries of plates
Former subduction zones where continents riding on plates are colliding
collision zones
54
Boundaries of plates
Where two plates are simply gliding past one another, with no addition or destruction of plate material
transform faults
55
Refers to the vibration of the ground occuring during an earthquake.
ground shaking
56
A phyical process that causes soil deposits to lose strength temporarily and behave as viscous fluids rather than solids
liquifaction
57
Refer to the generally horizontal movement of soil. Floodplains are vulnerable
lateral spreads
58
Most catastrophic type of ground failure caused by liquefaction. Can originate either underwater or on land masses. Underwater flows can cause tsunamis
flow failure
59
Can cause large building to settle and tip
loss of bearing strength
60
Is a complex affaur involving many people of many vocations, much information, many opinions and many decisions and actions
earthquake risk reduction
61
Is the probability that social or economic consequences of earthquakes will equal or exceed specified values at a site, at several sites, or in an area, during a soecified exposure time. Risk statements are thus given in quantitative terms
seismic risk
62
A physical phenomenon (e.g. ground shaking, ground failure) associated with an earthquake may produce adverse effects on human activities. Thus, it may be purely descriptive terms or quantitavely evaluated, depending on the needs of the situation
seismic hazard
63
The outcome of seismic hazard
seismic risk
64
Primary consequence of concern in earthquakes
human casualties
65
Physical consequences of earthquakes
death and injury, damage to the built and natural environments
66
The downward and outward mass movement of rock, soil, artificial fill, or a combination of these materials
landslides
67
Slope movement results from the action of ______ and ________ on geologic materials
gravity and climate
68
Slope processes
Where debris moves as coherent unit
mass movement
69
Slope processes
Where particles move as individuals, with little or no relation to other particles. Erosional processes cause by rain, waves, current, groundwater, and winds are generally considered to be __________
particle movements
70
3 pillars of sustainability
ecological, social, economic
71
Aims to recreate, initiate, or accelerate the recovery of an ecosystem that has been disturbed
ecological restoration
72
Takes a holistic view of the production, consumption, reuse/recycling, and disposal of a product to evaluate environmental impacts throughout its life cycle
life cycle thinking
73
Inventor of microscope, also pioneered studies of “food chains” and “population regulation”
Anton Van leeuwenhoek
74
Ecology was coined by
ernest haeckel 1869