Ecology 2

Ecology 2
74問 • 1年前
  • Janine Judilla
  • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    The underlying foundation or basic framework (as of a system or organization)

    Infrastructure

  • 2

    Interconnected network of natural and semi-natural landscape components capable fo providing multiple functions and ecosystem services

    blue-green infrastructure

  • 3

    Network of core sites connected by buffer zones, wildlife corridors and smaller but still wildlife-rich sites. Mainly deals with the connectivitu of habitats to promote ecological functions. A spatial planning framework

    ecological network

  • 4

    The introduction of harmful materials into the environment

    pollution

  • 5

    Increase in concentration of a pollutant in an individual organism

    bioaccumulation

  • 6

    Increase in concentration of a pollutant in a food chain

    biomagnification

  • 7

    a species thriving outside its area if natural distribution at the expense of the integrity of the local ecosystem

    exotic invasive species

  • 8

    Situation in which individuals with access to a public resource act in their own interest and, in doing so, ultimately deplete the resource

    tragedy of the commons

  • 9

    Concerned with the equitable access to ecosytem services by people groups of various demographics

    environmental justice

  • 10

    Long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns. Since the 1800s, humans have been the main drivers of it.

    climate change

  • 11

    Lack of sureness about something. Environmental management often requires decision-making in the face of ____

    uncertainty

  • 12

    A principle that enables decision-makers to adopt precautionary measures when scientific evidence about an environmental hzard is uncertain and the stakes are high

    precautionary principle

  • 13

    A process and technique to identify and predict impacts of a planned activity upon the environment

    environmental impact assessment

  • 14

    To ensure the attainment of environmental quality that is conducive to a life of dignity and recognizes the right of the people to a healthy environment

    PD 1151 Philippine Environmental Policy of 1977

  • 15

    Establishes a system of integrated protected areas to protect the existence of all native plants and animals. Legal basis to conserve biodioversity in pursuit of sustainable development through management of selected protected areas

    RA 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992

  • 16

    Establishment of buffer zones

    ra 11038 expanded nipas act of 2018

  • 17

    Identified areas outside the boundaries of and immediately adjacent to designated protected areas that need special development control in order to avoid or minimize harm to the protected area. Larger surrounding coree areas and connectivity zones

    buffer zones

  • 18

    A compromise between urban development and the protection and management of preserved biotopes is needed to support biodiveristy over time in core areas

    buffer zone

  • 19

    Pursues the right of people to clean, breathable air. Puts forth the polluter’s pay principle. First mention of the term airshed

    ra 8749

  • 20

    The volume over an area of land in which airborne chemicals travel to reach a particular river, lake, bay or other body of water given the area of the land surface

    airshed

  • 21

    An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes

    ra 9003 ecological solid waste management act of 2000

  • 22

    An act providing for a comprehensive water quality management and for other purposes. It aims to pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with the protection, preservation and revival of a quality of our fresh, brackish and marine waters.

    ra 9275

  • 23

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Public water supply class I - intended primarily for waters having watersheds, which are uninhabited and/or otherwise declared as protected areas, and which require only approved disinfection to meet the latest PNSDW

    class aa

  • 24

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Public water supply class II - intended as sources of water supply requiring conventional treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection) to meet the latest PNSDW

    class a

  • 25

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Recreational water supply class I - intented for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, etc.)

    class b

  • 26

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources Recreationa water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities For agriculture, irrigation and livestock watering

    class c

  • 27

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Navigable waters

    class d

  • 28

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Protected waters - waters designated as national or local marine parks, reserves, sanctuaries and other areas established by law (presidential proclamation 1801 and other existing laws), and/or declared as such by appropriate government agency, LGUs, etc. Fishery water class I - suitable for shellfish harvesting for direct human consumption

    class sa

  • 29

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Fishery water class II - water suitable for commercial propagation of shellfish and intented as spawning areas for milkfish (chanos chanos) and similar species Tourist zones - for ecotourism and recreational activities Recreational water class I - intended for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, skin divingm etc.)

    class sb

  • 30

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Fishery water class III - for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources and intended for commercial and sustenance farming Recreational water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries

    class sc

  • 31

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Navigable waters

    class sd

  • 32

    To conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity. To regulate the collection and trade of wildlife. To pursue, with due regard to the national interest, the philippine commitment to international conventions, protection of wildlife and their habitats; and to initiate or support scientific studies on the conservation of biological diversity

    ra 9147

  • 33

    To mainstream climate change, establish framework, and program of action. Creates the climate change commission

    ra 9729

  • 34

    Climate change act of 2009

    ra 9729

  • 35

    Philippine wildlife resources conservation and protection act

    ra 9147

  • 36

    Philippine clean water act of 2004

    ra 9275

  • 37

    Ecological solid waste management act of 2000

    ra 9003

  • 38

    Philippine clean air act of 1999

    ra 8749

  • 39

    Natinal integrated protected areas system act of 1992

    ra 7586

  • 40

    Extended nipas act of 2018

    ra 11038

  • 41

    Strengthens the drrm system and provide a drrm framework. Institutionalize drrm plan, and appropriate funds

    ra 10121

  • 42

    Philippine disaster risk reduction and management act

    ra 10121

  • 43

    The earth’s crust and upper mantle are made up of 80-100 km thick rigid plates which move slowly and conitnuosly over the interior of the earth. This movement results in pressure, separation or sliding at the plate edge. As the plates move, strain accumulates causing faults along the plate boundaries to slip abruptly

    theory of tectonic plates

  • 44

    The resultant release of stress is called

    earthquake

  • 45

    This theiry supposes that differential displacements within the earth’s crust create strains greater than the rock can endure. Ruptures occur and the rockrebounds along the fault until the strain is partly or completely relieved

    elastic rebound theory

  • 46

    It describes the degree of shaking at a specified place. Most widely used scale is the modified mercalli scale (MM)

    intensity

  • 47

    It is calculated from amplitude measurements, expressed in decimal numbers in a logarithmic scale. The most commonly used scale is the richtern (M) scale

    magnitude

  • 48

    A fracture along which differential movement of rocks has occured

    fault

  • 49

    Is defined as the differential movement of two sides of the fault at the earth’s surface

    fault displacement

  • 50

    Refers to slow differential silppage of two sides of the fault

    tectonic creep

  • 51

    Boundaries of plates Where new plate material is added from the interior of the earth, usually found at the oceanic sea-floor rideges

    divergent zones

  • 52

    Boundaries of plates Where plates converge and the under-thrusting one is consumed. Usually occuring in various highly populated regions notably Japan and the western side of central and south america

    subduction zones

  • 53

    Boundaries of plates Former subduction zones where continents riding on plates are colliding

    collision zones

  • 54

    Boundaries of plates Where two plates are simply gliding past one another, with no addition or destruction of plate material

    transform faults

  • 55

    Refers to the vibration of the ground occuring during an earthquake.

    ground shaking

  • 56

    A phyical process that causes soil deposits to lose strength temporarily and behave as viscous fluids rather than solids

    liquifaction

  • 57

    Refer to the generally horizontal movement of soil. Floodplains are vulnerable

    lateral spreads

  • 58

    Most catastrophic type of ground failure caused by liquefaction. Can originate either underwater or on land masses. Underwater flows can cause tsunamis

    flow failure

  • 59

    Can cause large building to settle and tip

    loss of bearing strength

  • 60

    Is a complex affaur involving many people of many vocations, much information, many opinions and many decisions and actions

    earthquake risk reduction

  • 61

    Is the probability that social or economic consequences of earthquakes will equal or exceed specified values at a site, at several sites, or in an area, during a soecified exposure time. Risk statements are thus given in quantitative terms

    seismic risk

  • 62

    A physical phenomenon (e.g. ground shaking, ground failure) associated with an earthquake may produce adverse effects on human activities. Thus, it may be purely descriptive terms or quantitavely evaluated, depending on the needs of the situation

    seismic hazard

  • 63

    The outcome of seismic hazard

    seismic risk

  • 64

    Primary consequence of concern in earthquakes

    human casualties

  • 65

    Physical consequences of earthquakes

    death and injury, damage to the built and natural environments

  • 66

    The downward and outward mass movement of rock, soil, artificial fill, or a combination of these materials

    landslides

  • 67

    Slope movement results from the action of ______ and ________ on geologic materials

    gravity and climate

  • 68

    Slope processes Where debris moves as coherent unit

    mass movement

  • 69

    Slope processes Where particles move as individuals, with little or no relation to other particles. Erosional processes cause by rain, waves, current, groundwater, and winds are generally considered to be __________

    particle movements

  • 70

    3 pillars of sustainability

    ecological, social, economic

  • 71

    Aims to recreate, initiate, or accelerate the recovery of an ecosystem that has been disturbed

    ecological restoration

  • 72

    Takes a holistic view of the production, consumption, reuse/recycling, and disposal of a product to evaluate environmental impacts throughout its life cycle

    life cycle thinking

  • 73

    Inventor of microscope, also pioneered studies of “food chains” and “population regulation”

    Anton Van leeuwenhoek

  • 74

    Ecology was coined by

    ernest haeckel 1869

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    History of the Profession

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    The underlying foundation or basic framework (as of a system or organization)

    Infrastructure

  • 2

    Interconnected network of natural and semi-natural landscape components capable fo providing multiple functions and ecosystem services

    blue-green infrastructure

  • 3

    Network of core sites connected by buffer zones, wildlife corridors and smaller but still wildlife-rich sites. Mainly deals with the connectivitu of habitats to promote ecological functions. A spatial planning framework

    ecological network

  • 4

    The introduction of harmful materials into the environment

    pollution

  • 5

    Increase in concentration of a pollutant in an individual organism

    bioaccumulation

  • 6

    Increase in concentration of a pollutant in a food chain

    biomagnification

  • 7

    a species thriving outside its area if natural distribution at the expense of the integrity of the local ecosystem

    exotic invasive species

  • 8

    Situation in which individuals with access to a public resource act in their own interest and, in doing so, ultimately deplete the resource

    tragedy of the commons

  • 9

    Concerned with the equitable access to ecosytem services by people groups of various demographics

    environmental justice

  • 10

    Long-term shifts in temperature and weather patterns. Since the 1800s, humans have been the main drivers of it.

    climate change

  • 11

    Lack of sureness about something. Environmental management often requires decision-making in the face of ____

    uncertainty

  • 12

    A principle that enables decision-makers to adopt precautionary measures when scientific evidence about an environmental hzard is uncertain and the stakes are high

    precautionary principle

  • 13

    A process and technique to identify and predict impacts of a planned activity upon the environment

    environmental impact assessment

  • 14

    To ensure the attainment of environmental quality that is conducive to a life of dignity and recognizes the right of the people to a healthy environment

    PD 1151 Philippine Environmental Policy of 1977

  • 15

    Establishes a system of integrated protected areas to protect the existence of all native plants and animals. Legal basis to conserve biodioversity in pursuit of sustainable development through management of selected protected areas

    RA 7586 National Integrated Protected Areas System Act of 1992

  • 16

    Establishment of buffer zones

    ra 11038 expanded nipas act of 2018

  • 17

    Identified areas outside the boundaries of and immediately adjacent to designated protected areas that need special development control in order to avoid or minimize harm to the protected area. Larger surrounding coree areas and connectivity zones

    buffer zones

  • 18

    A compromise between urban development and the protection and management of preserved biotopes is needed to support biodiveristy over time in core areas

    buffer zone

  • 19

    Pursues the right of people to clean, breathable air. Puts forth the polluter’s pay principle. First mention of the term airshed

    ra 8749

  • 20

    The volume over an area of land in which airborne chemicals travel to reach a particular river, lake, bay or other body of water given the area of the land surface

    airshed

  • 21

    An act providing for an ecological solid waste management program, creating the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain acts prohibited and providing penalties, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes

    ra 9003 ecological solid waste management act of 2000

  • 22

    An act providing for a comprehensive water quality management and for other purposes. It aims to pursue a policy of economic growth in a manner consistent with the protection, preservation and revival of a quality of our fresh, brackish and marine waters.

    ra 9275

  • 23

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Public water supply class I - intended primarily for waters having watersheds, which are uninhabited and/or otherwise declared as protected areas, and which require only approved disinfection to meet the latest PNSDW

    class aa

  • 24

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Public water supply class II - intended as sources of water supply requiring conventional treatment (coagulation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection) to meet the latest PNSDW

    class a

  • 25

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Recreational water supply class I - intented for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, etc.)

    class b

  • 26

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Fishery water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources Recreationa water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities For agriculture, irrigation and livestock watering

    class c

  • 27

    Water body classification and usage of freshwater Navigable waters

    class d

  • 28

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Protected waters - waters designated as national or local marine parks, reserves, sanctuaries and other areas established by law (presidential proclamation 1801 and other existing laws), and/or declared as such by appropriate government agency, LGUs, etc. Fishery water class I - suitable for shellfish harvesting for direct human consumption

    class sa

  • 29

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Fishery water class II - water suitable for commercial propagation of shellfish and intented as spawning areas for milkfish (chanos chanos) and similar species Tourist zones - for ecotourism and recreational activities Recreational water class I - intended for primary contact recreation (bathing, swimming, skin divingm etc.)

    class sb

  • 30

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Fishery water class III - for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources and intended for commercial and sustenance farming Recreational water class II - for boating, fishing or similar activities Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries

    class sc

  • 31

    Water body classification and usage of marine waters Navigable waters

    class sd

  • 32

    To conserve and protect wildlife species and their habitats to promote ecological balance and enhance biological diversity. To regulate the collection and trade of wildlife. To pursue, with due regard to the national interest, the philippine commitment to international conventions, protection of wildlife and their habitats; and to initiate or support scientific studies on the conservation of biological diversity

    ra 9147

  • 33

    To mainstream climate change, establish framework, and program of action. Creates the climate change commission

    ra 9729

  • 34

    Climate change act of 2009

    ra 9729

  • 35

    Philippine wildlife resources conservation and protection act

    ra 9147

  • 36

    Philippine clean water act of 2004

    ra 9275

  • 37

    Ecological solid waste management act of 2000

    ra 9003

  • 38

    Philippine clean air act of 1999

    ra 8749

  • 39

    Natinal integrated protected areas system act of 1992

    ra 7586

  • 40

    Extended nipas act of 2018

    ra 11038

  • 41

    Strengthens the drrm system and provide a drrm framework. Institutionalize drrm plan, and appropriate funds

    ra 10121

  • 42

    Philippine disaster risk reduction and management act

    ra 10121

  • 43

    The earth’s crust and upper mantle are made up of 80-100 km thick rigid plates which move slowly and conitnuosly over the interior of the earth. This movement results in pressure, separation or sliding at the plate edge. As the plates move, strain accumulates causing faults along the plate boundaries to slip abruptly

    theory of tectonic plates

  • 44

    The resultant release of stress is called

    earthquake

  • 45

    This theiry supposes that differential displacements within the earth’s crust create strains greater than the rock can endure. Ruptures occur and the rockrebounds along the fault until the strain is partly or completely relieved

    elastic rebound theory

  • 46

    It describes the degree of shaking at a specified place. Most widely used scale is the modified mercalli scale (MM)

    intensity

  • 47

    It is calculated from amplitude measurements, expressed in decimal numbers in a logarithmic scale. The most commonly used scale is the richtern (M) scale

    magnitude

  • 48

    A fracture along which differential movement of rocks has occured

    fault

  • 49

    Is defined as the differential movement of two sides of the fault at the earth’s surface

    fault displacement

  • 50

    Refers to slow differential silppage of two sides of the fault

    tectonic creep

  • 51

    Boundaries of plates Where new plate material is added from the interior of the earth, usually found at the oceanic sea-floor rideges

    divergent zones

  • 52

    Boundaries of plates Where plates converge and the under-thrusting one is consumed. Usually occuring in various highly populated regions notably Japan and the western side of central and south america

    subduction zones

  • 53

    Boundaries of plates Former subduction zones where continents riding on plates are colliding

    collision zones

  • 54

    Boundaries of plates Where two plates are simply gliding past one another, with no addition or destruction of plate material

    transform faults

  • 55

    Refers to the vibration of the ground occuring during an earthquake.

    ground shaking

  • 56

    A phyical process that causes soil deposits to lose strength temporarily and behave as viscous fluids rather than solids

    liquifaction

  • 57

    Refer to the generally horizontal movement of soil. Floodplains are vulnerable

    lateral spreads

  • 58

    Most catastrophic type of ground failure caused by liquefaction. Can originate either underwater or on land masses. Underwater flows can cause tsunamis

    flow failure

  • 59

    Can cause large building to settle and tip

    loss of bearing strength

  • 60

    Is a complex affaur involving many people of many vocations, much information, many opinions and many decisions and actions

    earthquake risk reduction

  • 61

    Is the probability that social or economic consequences of earthquakes will equal or exceed specified values at a site, at several sites, or in an area, during a soecified exposure time. Risk statements are thus given in quantitative terms

    seismic risk

  • 62

    A physical phenomenon (e.g. ground shaking, ground failure) associated with an earthquake may produce adverse effects on human activities. Thus, it may be purely descriptive terms or quantitavely evaluated, depending on the needs of the situation

    seismic hazard

  • 63

    The outcome of seismic hazard

    seismic risk

  • 64

    Primary consequence of concern in earthquakes

    human casualties

  • 65

    Physical consequences of earthquakes

    death and injury, damage to the built and natural environments

  • 66

    The downward and outward mass movement of rock, soil, artificial fill, or a combination of these materials

    landslides

  • 67

    Slope movement results from the action of ______ and ________ on geologic materials

    gravity and climate

  • 68

    Slope processes Where debris moves as coherent unit

    mass movement

  • 69

    Slope processes Where particles move as individuals, with little or no relation to other particles. Erosional processes cause by rain, waves, current, groundwater, and winds are generally considered to be __________

    particle movements

  • 70

    3 pillars of sustainability

    ecological, social, economic

  • 71

    Aims to recreate, initiate, or accelerate the recovery of an ecosystem that has been disturbed

    ecological restoration

  • 72

    Takes a holistic view of the production, consumption, reuse/recycling, and disposal of a product to evaluate environmental impacts throughout its life cycle

    life cycle thinking

  • 73

    Inventor of microscope, also pioneered studies of “food chains” and “population regulation”

    Anton Van leeuwenhoek

  • 74

    Ecology was coined by

    ernest haeckel 1869