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microchapter 11

microchapter 11
45問 • 2年前
  • Devin Mulligan
  • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    two different microbial control

    physical and chemical

  • 2

    physical microbial control

    heat, cold temperatures, radiation, filtration, desiccation

  • 3

    chemical microbial control

    disinfectants, antiseptics, sterilant, degermers

  • 4

    sterilization

    removing all microbial life

  • 5

    disinfection

    reducing number of microbes on fomites (inanimate objects)

  • 6

    antisepsis

    reducing the number of microbes from living tissues

  • 7

    what are the modifications of disinfections and antisepsis

    determine and sanitization

  • 8

    degerming

    reducing microbes from limited area

  • 9

    example of degerming

    using alcohol swab at injection site

  • 10

    sanitization

    reducing microbes on eating utensils

  • 11

    example of sanitization

    cleaning of restaurant tableware

  • 12

    meaning of -cidal

    killing the microbes

  • 13

    example of -cidal

    fungicide and virucide

  • 14

    meaning of -static

    inhibiting the growth but not killing the microbes

  • 15

    example of -static

    bacteriostatic agent

  • 16

    what is moist heat

    lower temperature and shorter exposure time

  • 17

    what does moist heat do

    denatures proteins, destructs membrane, and DNA

  • 18

    can the item be moist or heat sensitive in moist heat mode of action

    no

  • 19

    what is dry heat

    really high temperatures for long periods of time

  • 20

    example of dry heat

    incineration

  • 21

    what does dry heat use

    dry ovens at 150-180°C (302-356°F)

  • 22

    what does dry heat do to the cell

    alters protein structure and dehydrates it

  • 23

    cold temperature modes of action

    biostatic agent, desiccation, lyophillization

  • 24

    what does a bio static agent do

    slows the growth of microbes

  • 25

    what is bio static agent used for

    preservation of food, media, and culture

  • 26

    temperature for bio static agent

    refrigeration 0-15°C (32-59°F) and freezing <0°C

  • 27

    desiccation

    gradual removal of water from cells

  • 28

    what does desiccation lead to

    metabolic inhibition

  • 29

    lyophillization

    freeze drying

  • 30

    why is cold temperatures not very effective

    microbes gain their ability to grow when water is reintroduced

  • 31

    what are the two types of radiation

    ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation

  • 32

    ionizing radiation

    breaks down DNA by causing electrons to leave their orbit using gamma rays, x-rays, and cathode rays

  • 33

    what is ionizing radiation used for

    to sterilize medical supplies and food preservation

  • 34

    non-ionizing radiation

    UV light interferes with nuclei acid replication with little penetrating power

  • 35

    what is non-ionizing radiation used for

    sterilizing air, water, or surfaces

  • 36

    filtration

    physical removal of microbes by putting through a filter

  • 37

    example of filtration

    HEPA filter

  • 38

    thermal death time (TDT)

    time when all cells are killed in a culture

  • 39

    thermal death point (TDP)

    lowest temperature at which all cells are killed in 10 minutes in a culture

  • 40

    what are the desirable qualities of chemicals

    broad spectrum, low toxicity, penetrating, non-corrosive, non-staining, affordable, readily available

  • 41

    what are the two ways to test for chemical effectiveness

    Use-Dilution test and Disk diffusion test

  • 42

    Use-Dilution test

    beads dipped in test bacteria and dried, the dried cultures are placed in disinfectant for 10 minutes and it finds the minimum inhibitory concentration

  • 43

    Disk diffusion test

    use culture plates covered in microbes with chemicals put on to find zone of inhibition

  • 44

    zone of inhibition

    area around disk where the microbe was inhibited by chemicals

  • 45

    is the larger the zone of inhibition mean the drug is more effective

    yes

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    two different microbial control

    physical and chemical

  • 2

    physical microbial control

    heat, cold temperatures, radiation, filtration, desiccation

  • 3

    chemical microbial control

    disinfectants, antiseptics, sterilant, degermers

  • 4

    sterilization

    removing all microbial life

  • 5

    disinfection

    reducing number of microbes on fomites (inanimate objects)

  • 6

    antisepsis

    reducing the number of microbes from living tissues

  • 7

    what are the modifications of disinfections and antisepsis

    determine and sanitization

  • 8

    degerming

    reducing microbes from limited area

  • 9

    example of degerming

    using alcohol swab at injection site

  • 10

    sanitization

    reducing microbes on eating utensils

  • 11

    example of sanitization

    cleaning of restaurant tableware

  • 12

    meaning of -cidal

    killing the microbes

  • 13

    example of -cidal

    fungicide and virucide

  • 14

    meaning of -static

    inhibiting the growth but not killing the microbes

  • 15

    example of -static

    bacteriostatic agent

  • 16

    what is moist heat

    lower temperature and shorter exposure time

  • 17

    what does moist heat do

    denatures proteins, destructs membrane, and DNA

  • 18

    can the item be moist or heat sensitive in moist heat mode of action

    no

  • 19

    what is dry heat

    really high temperatures for long periods of time

  • 20

    example of dry heat

    incineration

  • 21

    what does dry heat use

    dry ovens at 150-180°C (302-356°F)

  • 22

    what does dry heat do to the cell

    alters protein structure and dehydrates it

  • 23

    cold temperature modes of action

    biostatic agent, desiccation, lyophillization

  • 24

    what does a bio static agent do

    slows the growth of microbes

  • 25

    what is bio static agent used for

    preservation of food, media, and culture

  • 26

    temperature for bio static agent

    refrigeration 0-15°C (32-59°F) and freezing <0°C

  • 27

    desiccation

    gradual removal of water from cells

  • 28

    what does desiccation lead to

    metabolic inhibition

  • 29

    lyophillization

    freeze drying

  • 30

    why is cold temperatures not very effective

    microbes gain their ability to grow when water is reintroduced

  • 31

    what are the two types of radiation

    ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation

  • 32

    ionizing radiation

    breaks down DNA by causing electrons to leave their orbit using gamma rays, x-rays, and cathode rays

  • 33

    what is ionizing radiation used for

    to sterilize medical supplies and food preservation

  • 34

    non-ionizing radiation

    UV light interferes with nuclei acid replication with little penetrating power

  • 35

    what is non-ionizing radiation used for

    sterilizing air, water, or surfaces

  • 36

    filtration

    physical removal of microbes by putting through a filter

  • 37

    example of filtration

    HEPA filter

  • 38

    thermal death time (TDT)

    time when all cells are killed in a culture

  • 39

    thermal death point (TDP)

    lowest temperature at which all cells are killed in 10 minutes in a culture

  • 40

    what are the desirable qualities of chemicals

    broad spectrum, low toxicity, penetrating, non-corrosive, non-staining, affordable, readily available

  • 41

    what are the two ways to test for chemical effectiveness

    Use-Dilution test and Disk diffusion test

  • 42

    Use-Dilution test

    beads dipped in test bacteria and dried, the dried cultures are placed in disinfectant for 10 minutes and it finds the minimum inhibitory concentration

  • 43

    Disk diffusion test

    use culture plates covered in microbes with chemicals put on to find zone of inhibition

  • 44

    zone of inhibition

    area around disk where the microbe was inhibited by chemicals

  • 45

    is the larger the zone of inhibition mean the drug is more effective

    yes