問題一覧
1
output of glycolysis
ATP & NADH
2
aerobic respiration
uses oxygen as a final electron acceptor
3
what are the 2 types of fermentation
alcohol and lactic acid
4
what is the effective way to control growth of bacteria
inhibitors
5
what does alcohol fermentation produce
ethanol and CO2
6
what is an enzyme
a biological catalysts
7
output of Kreb cycle
reduced NADH & FADH2 and 2 ATP
8
negative feedback
the end product of a metabolic pathway shuts down the pathway
9
competitive inhibitors
bind to the active site of an enzyme, competing with the substrate
10
example of metallic cofactors
iron, copper, magnesium, manganese, zinc, cobalt, selenium, etc
11
what does a anabolist do
builds things up
12
what are way of controlling enzymatic activity
temperature, pH, and inhibitors
13
what are coenzymes
organic compounds that alter the substrate, remove a chemical group from one substrate and add it to another substrate, and carry/transfer hydrogen atoms, electrons, carbon dioxide, and amino groups
14
what type of protein is an enzyme
catalytic protein
15
how much ATP is produced in anaerobic
fewer than 38 but more than 2
16
how much ATP does aerobic produce
36 (eukaryotes) and 38 (prokaryotes)
17
what are the two types of inhibitors
competitive and non-competitive
18
what are the two types of cofactors
coenzyme (organic) and metals (inorganic)
19
output of electron transport chain
ATP by oxidative phosphorylation
20
input of glycolysis
glucose (sugar) and 2 ATP
21
where does the electron transport chain happen in eukaryotes
mitochondria membrane
22
input for electron transport chain
NADH & FADH2
23
non- competitive inhibitors
bind to another part of and enzyme (regulatory site), causing enzyme to change shape taking away the effectiveness of the active site.
24
what leads to negative feedback
non competitive inhibitors
25
what do metallic cofactors do
help bring the active site and substrate close together
26
endoenzyme
enzymes that stay inside the cell
27
what does alcohol fermentation give us
beer,wine, and fuel
28
definition of metabolism
catabolic and anabolic chemical reactions that breaks down food to build up energy
29
where does the glycolysis and the kreb cycle happen for eukaryotes
mitochondria
30
What does a catabolist do
breaks things down
31
NAD & FAD are?
coenzymes that are electron carriers used by cells
32
what is ATP
adenosine triphosphate is the chemical that energy is stored in cells
33
what is a redox reaction
an oxidation (lose of electrons) paired with a reduction reaction (gain of electrons)
34
what is the apoenzyme
the protein portion of an enzyme
35
what does denature mean
distorts cell shape, prevents substrate from attaching, and can lead to death of the cell
36
what do enzyme names end in most of the time
-ase
37
what type of enzyme is holoenzymes
conjugated enzymes
38
where does electron transport chain happen in prokaryotes
the electron transport chain
39
example of coenzymes
vitamins
40
where does glycolysis kreb cycle happen for prokaryotes
cytoplasm
41
anaerobic respiration
does not use oxygen as a final electron acceptor
42
what are holoenzymes
contain protein and some other non protein molecule
43
what is the lock and key for an enzyme
substrate is the key and the active site of the enzyme is the lock
44
example of competitive inhibitors
sulfa drug
45
what denatures the enzyme
temperature and pH
46
how much ATP does fermentation produce
2
47
exoenzyme purpose
transport outside the cell, breaks down large food molecules, can be harmful chemicals aka toxins, and made by the cell then sent outside the cell
48
what are the three basic metabolic pathways resulting in ATP production
Aerobic, Anaerobic, and Fermentation
49
examples of anaerobic respiration
nitrate and sulfate
50
input for Krebs cycle
puruvic acid