first quiz

29問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

通報

問題一覧

refers to the study of microorganisms and their interactions with each other and their environment

microbial ecology

first compound microscope

Zacharias Janssen, 1590s

o single compound microscope o described fungi as “elongated stalks” o described “cells”

Robert Hooke

o Single bioconvex lens microscope (up to 270x) o Described motile protozoa as “wee animalcules” o First to see bacteria o Also described algae and bacteria

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Characteristic of 379 diff. species in his publication, “Animalcules of Infusions, Rivers, and the Sea”

Otto Friedrich Muller

o invented the system of lenses and mirrors which concentrates light on object being viewed = Abbe Condenser o oil immersion objective

Ernst Karl Abbe

o Improved visualization of bacteria through stains o Methylene blue

Paul Ehrlich

o Gram-staining technique dividing the bacteria into two groups

Hans Christian Gram

o Microscopic examination ▪ Wine contained yeast cells ▪ ‘sick’ (sour) wine contained bacteria and yeast o Use of heat to control bacterial contamination = Pasteurization o Published a refutation of spontaneous generation

1822-1895: Louis Pasteur

o Microorganisms were responsible for ethanol production

1837: Friedrich Traugott Kutzing, Charles Cagniar dela Tour, & Theodor Schwann

o Leptothrix ochracea = filamentous iron-oxidizing bacterium

1843: Friedrich Traugott Kutzing

o Particle-free air does not cause spoilage ▪ Dust carries germs o Existence of heat-resistant bacteria

1877: John Tyndall

Discovered endospores

1876: Ferdinand Cohn

o Childbed fever was transmitted by physicians o Use of disinfected (calcium hypochlorite) in hand-washing of physicians between patients

1840s: Ignaz Semmelweis

o Introduced antiseptic surgery ▪ Use of carbolic acid (phenol) as disinfectant

1860s: Joseph Lister

o First direct demonstration of the role of bacteria in causing disease o Bacillus anthracis = anthrax o Mycobacterium tuberculosis = tuberculosis o Koch’s Postulates ▪ Guide for relating specific microbes to specific diseases

1870s: Robert Koch

o Discovered Gallionella ferruginea as responsible for ocher

1838: Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg

o Discovered the “miracle drug” Penicillin from Penicillium

1929: Alexander Fleming

Discovered Streptomycin from a mold-like bacillus Streptomyces

Selman Waksman

o Capacity of soil to oxidize hydrogen gas

1839: Nicolas-Theodore de Saussure

o Ammonium in sewage was oxidized to nitrate when passed through a sand column

1879: Jacques Theophile Schloesing and Achille Muntz

o Demonstrated nitrification (NO3- à NH3) by microorganisms

1877: Jacques Theophile Schloesing and Achille Muntz

o Proposed concept of mutualistic and antagonistic symbiosis

1878: Anton de Berry

Fungus-root symbiosis = mycorrhiza

1885: A.B. Frank

Root nodules on legumes (dipterocarps) supplied nitrogen to plants

1886: H. Hellriegel & H. Wilfarth

o Father of Microbial Ecology o Isolated and described nitrifying bacteria o Microorganisms capable of inorganic chemical oxidation o Model system for growing anaerobic photosynthetic and microaerophilic (can grow with little oxygen) bacteria o Anaerobic nitrogen fixation

1880s-1900s: Sergei Winogradsky

Biology of the root zone = coined the term rhizosphere

1904: L. Hiltner

o Natural system for arrangement of bacteria o Lithoautotrophs = most primitive bacteria

1909: Sigurd Orla-Jensen

Father of Virology o Developed enrichment culture o Isolated the first pure cultures of many soil bacteria o Reported on symbiotic and non-symbiosis N2 fixation o Concerned with soil processes o Established nitrogen fixation in soil o Formed the basis for understanding biogeochemical cycling reactions o Critical role of microorganisms in transforming elements in global scale o Demonstrated tobacco mosaic virus o Principles of virology

1890s-1900s: Martinus Beijerinck

Wildlife lab

Wildlife lab

Wildlife lec

Wildlife lec

amphibians module 5

amphibians module 5

quiz bee

quiz bee

herpetology

herpetology

Wildlife lec finals

Wildlife lec finals

eme

eme

act 2

act 2

ppt

ppt

lec 1

lec 1

lec 2

lec 2

2nd quiz part 2

2nd quiz part 2

2nd quiz part 3

2nd quiz part 3

2nd quiz part 1

2nd quiz part 1

問題一覧

refers to the study of microorganisms and their interactions with each other and their environment

microbial ecology

first compound microscope

Zacharias Janssen, 1590s

o single compound microscope o described fungi as “elongated stalks” o described “cells”

Robert Hooke

o Single bioconvex lens microscope (up to 270x) o Described motile protozoa as “wee animalcules” o First to see bacteria o Also described algae and bacteria

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Characteristic of 379 diff. species in his publication, “Animalcules of Infusions, Rivers, and the Sea”

Otto Friedrich Muller

o invented the system of lenses and mirrors which concentrates light on object being viewed = Abbe Condenser o oil immersion objective

Ernst Karl Abbe

o Improved visualization of bacteria through stains o Methylene blue

Paul Ehrlich

o Gram-staining technique dividing the bacteria into two groups

Hans Christian Gram

1822-1895: Louis Pasteur

o Microorganisms were responsible for ethanol production

1837: Friedrich Traugott Kutzing, Charles Cagniar dela Tour, & Theodor Schwann

o Leptothrix ochracea = filamentous iron-oxidizing bacterium

1843: Friedrich Traugott Kutzing

o Particle-free air does not cause spoilage ▪ Dust carries germs o Existence of heat-resistant bacteria

1877: John Tyndall

Discovered endospores

1876: Ferdinand Cohn

o Childbed fever was transmitted by physicians o Use of disinfected (calcium hypochlorite) in hand-washing of physicians between patients

1840s: Ignaz Semmelweis

o Introduced antiseptic surgery ▪ Use of carbolic acid (phenol) as disinfectant

1860s: Joseph Lister

1870s: Robert Koch

o Discovered Gallionella ferruginea as responsible for ocher

1838: Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg

o Discovered the “miracle drug” Penicillin from Penicillium

1929: Alexander Fleming

Discovered Streptomycin from a mold-like bacillus Streptomyces

Selman Waksman

o Capacity of soil to oxidize hydrogen gas

1839: Nicolas-Theodore de Saussure

o Ammonium in sewage was oxidized to nitrate when passed through a sand column

1879: Jacques Theophile Schloesing and Achille Muntz

o Demonstrated nitrification (NO3- à NH3) by microorganisms

1877: Jacques Theophile Schloesing and Achille Muntz

o Proposed concept of mutualistic and antagonistic symbiosis

1878: Anton de Berry

Fungus-root symbiosis = mycorrhiza

1885: A.B. Frank

Root nodules on legumes (dipterocarps) supplied nitrogen to plants

1886: H. Hellriegel & H. Wilfarth

1880s-1900s: Sergei Winogradsky

Biology of the root zone = coined the term rhizosphere

1904: L. Hiltner

o Natural system for arrangement of bacteria o Lithoautotrophs = most primitive bacteria

1909: Sigurd Orla-Jensen

1890s-1900s: Martinus Beijerinck