問題一覧
1
How many advantages of high body temp. Cite one
1. Totally independent of environmental temperature (o°C - 45°C) 2. Faster CNS function (information acquisition, processing, and response) 3. Fast and coordinated biochemical reactions (enzyme-catalyzed) 5. Low muscular viscosity 6. cna be active at night
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The tallest animal on the planet is a 6.1m or 20 ft tall
Giraffes
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- for marking territories, warning, defense.
Scent glands
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An adult can grow nearly as long as three school buses and weigh over 400,000 pounds - as much as 24 African elephants.
Blue Whale
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Fastest mammal in the air 25 kph or 15.5 mph
Big Brown Bat, Eptesicus fuscus
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present in humans & chimpanzees
Sweat glands
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___ species of marine mammals ___ cetaceans ___ sirenians
20, 19, 1
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____ from Thailand weighs 1.5 g.
Kitti's hognosed bat
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- thick reflective membrane (15 cells wide) - collects and re-emits light back to the retina - gives rods a second chance to absorb the image information, thus maximizing the little light available to them. As this light is reflected off the tapetum, the animal's eyes appear to glow.
Tapetum lucidum
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- involved in heat regulation.
Sweat glands
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The largest animal on land 3.96 m or 13ft at the shoulder & weighed over 12 tons
bull African Elephant
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largest mammal living today; it is also the largest mammal to have ever lived.
Blue Whale
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Homo sapiens Longest lived mammals ___€: max life-span of 90 - 100 years
Fin Whale, Balaenoptera physalis
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Thickest skin _______: relative to body size, of any animal Skin on their backs & flanks: 2.5 cm or 1 inch
Rhinoceroses
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Dense and ____ for insulation. • Traps a layer of insulating air. • Extremely dense in aquatic mammals.
soft underhair
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The smallest mammal in the world
Etruscan pygmy shrew (Suncus etruscus), Bumblebee bat (Craseonycteris thonglongyai)
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Fastest animal on land 96 kph or 60 mph
Cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus
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provides milk for offspring, gives mammals their name.
Mammary glands
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55.5kph or 34 mph Fastest mammal in the water
Killer Whale, Orcinus orca
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largest land carnivore 4 feet high at the shoulder, ~8 feet long, Ave wt 1000 pounds (max of 1600)
Ursus maritimus/Ursus arctos
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Coarse, longer ____ for protection from wear and coloration.
guard hair
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Population density: >200,000 per hectare (2 mice/ m2)
House mice
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About ___ species of terrestrial mammals __ (66%) endemic __ (28%) threatened
183, 120, 51
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Activity patterns of mammals 1. ____- daytime 2. _____ -night time 3. _____ - early morning & late afternoon
Diurnal, Nocturnal, Crepuscular
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Many mammals defend a territory that includes resources such as food, shelter, or mates that is defended from others usually of the same species (_____) - those that would utilize the same resources.
conspecifics
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Nocturnal Existence
1. Big eyes 2. Packed with rods 3. Tapetum lucidum 4. Echolocation 5. Rely on sense of smell
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- low volume - high in Hb - resists influx or outflow of H20 (helps during drastic dehydration) - blood flows normally even when the tissues are dehydrated - also helps in hypoxic montane habitats
Bilaminar, oval wafer
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A mammal usually has a larger, undefended ____ that may overlap with the home range of conspecifies.
home range
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Highest Living 6,000 m
Yak, Bos grunniens
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How many advantages of high body temp. Cite one
Energy expensive - have to feed daily
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Fastest Metabolism: Need to eat up to 1.3 times their own weight
Shrews
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How do animals adapt to warm environment
1. Sweating 2. Panting 3. Saliva spreading 4. Retreating in caves of burrows 5. Dormancy (estivation) 6. higher Body To (eg. Camels: as high as 40°C) 7. Fur
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• Blue whales exceed
130 metric tons
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Sweating - duckbill platypus - deer - mice, rats, cats
snout, base of tail, paws
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- associated with hair follicles.
Sebaceous glands
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the slowest mammal: < 1 mph
sloth
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longest hibernation (7-8 months)
Belding's Ground Squirrel
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- Body covered with fur, teeth present, forelimbs modified into true wings extending from 2nd to 5t digit
Chiroptera
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smelliest mammal
Mephitis mephitis, Ictonyx striatus