2nd quiz part 3

24問 • 1年前

問題一覧

➢ one of the largest and best-known orders within the Gammaproteobacteria

Enterobacteriales

➢ commonly known as enteric bacteria

Enterobacteriales

➢ consist of facultatively aerobic, gram-negative, nonsporulating rods that are either nonmotile or motile by peritrichous flagella ➢ Key genera include: - Enterobacter - Salmonella - Escherichia - Serratia - Klebsiella

Enterobacteriales

➢ Genera under this order are separated by their glucose fermentation pattern: mixed-acid fermentation and the 2,3-butanediol fermentation

Enterobacteriales

- include species from Escherichia, Salmonella, Shigella , Citrobacter, Proteus , and Yersinia . - produce three (3) acids: acetic, lactic, and succinic - also form ethanol and equal amounts of CO2, and H2

Mixed-acid fermenters

- the main products are butanediol, ethanol, CO2, and H2 but more CO2 than H2 is produced - smaller amounts of acids are formed - include species from Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Erwinia , and Serratia

2,3-butanediol fermenters

➢ all species are Gram-negative, polarly flagellated, aerobic rod that is able to use diverse carbon sources, typically oxidase- and catalase-positive

Pseudomonadales

➢ commonly called pseudomonad ➢ ubiquitous in soil and aquatic systems ➢ many species cause diseases of plants and animals, including humans

Pseudomonadales

▪ the type genus for this order ▪ several species are pathogenic

Pseudomonas

frequently associated with infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts in humans

P. aeruginosa

not an obligate pathogen but an opportunist, initiating infections in individuals with weakened immune systems

P. aeruginosa

- naturally resistant to many widely used antibiotics so treatment of infections is often difficult - a model organism used to study the development of microbial biofilms

P. aeruginosa

- well-known plant pathogens (phytopathogens) – meaning they inhabit nonhost plants and from there become transmitted to host plants and initiate infection

P. syringae

- typically isolated from leaves showing chlorotic (yellowing) lesions

P. syringae

➢ contain facultatively aerobic oxidase-positive rods and curved rods that employ a fermentative metabolism

Vibrionales

➢ best-known genera in this group are Vibrio, Aliivibrio , and Photobacteriumwhich contain several bioluminescent species ➢ mostly aquatic, being found in marine, brackish, or freshwater habitats

Vibrionales

- cause of the disease cholera in humans which is transmitted almost exclusively via water

Vibrio cholerae

inhabits the marine environment and is a major cause of gastroenteritis in raw fish-eating countries

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

▪ eight orders have been well characterized within this class ▪ Orders Myxococcalesand Bdellovibrionalescontain notable genera of bacterial predators

Deltaproteobacteria

▪ many orders of this class contain sulfur reducing genera: Desulfuromonadales , Desulfovibrionales , Desulfobacterales , Desulfarculalesand Syntrophobacterales ▪ Species of Syntrophobacteralesexhibit metabolic partnership called syntrophy

Deltaproteobacteria

▪ initially defined by pathogenic species of the genera Campylobacterand Helicobacterbut environmental studies have shown that they exist in nature ▪ Campylobacterand Helicobacter species are microaerophilic Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase- positive, motile spirilla, and most species are pathogenic to humans or other animals

Epsilonproteobacteria

▪ Campylobacterspecies cause acute gastroenteritis that typically results in a bloody diarrhea ▪ Helicobacter pylori causes both chronic and acute gastritis, leading to the formation of peptic ulcers

Epsilonproteobacteria

▪ are ubiquitous in marine and terrestrial environments ▪ thermophilic species are common in this class of bacteria, contributing to their prevalence at hydrothermal systems where sulfur cycling activities are ongoing

Sulfur-Metabolizing Epsilonproteobacteria

▪ Has the ability to fix CO2; supporting the animals living in the sulfur-rich environments ▪ account for up to 85% of the microbial biomass growing on hydrothermal vent chimneys ▪ grow as ectosymbionts and endosymbionts of many animals such as oligochaete and polychaete worms, snails, and shrimp

Sulfur-Metabolizing Epsilonproteobacteria

Wildlife lab

Wildlife lab

Wildlife lec

Wildlife lec

amphibians module 5

amphibians module 5

quiz bee

quiz bee

herpetology

herpetology

Wildlife lec finals

Wildlife lec finals

eme

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act 2

act 2

ppt

ppt

first quiz

first quiz

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lec 1

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lec 2

2nd quiz part 2

2nd quiz part 2

2nd quiz part 1

2nd quiz part 1

問題一覧

➢ one of the largest and best-known orders within the Gammaproteobacteria

Enterobacteriales

➢ commonly known as enteric bacteria

Enterobacteriales

➢ Genera under this order are separated by their glucose fermentation pattern: mixed-acid fermentation and the 2,3-butanediol fermentation

Enterobacteriales

Mixed-acid fermenters

- the main products are butanediol, ethanol, CO2, and H2 but more CO2 than H2 is produced - smaller amounts of acids are formed - include species from Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Erwinia , and Serratia

2,3-butanediol fermenters

➢ all species are Gram-negative, polarly flagellated, aerobic rod that is able to use diverse carbon sources, typically oxidase- and catalase-positive

Pseudomonadales

➢ commonly called pseudomonad ➢ ubiquitous in soil and aquatic systems ➢ many species cause diseases of plants and animals, including humans

Pseudomonadales

▪ the type genus for this order ▪ several species are pathogenic

Pseudomonas

frequently associated with infections of the urinary and respiratory tracts in humans

P. aeruginosa

not an obligate pathogen but an opportunist, initiating infections in individuals with weakened immune systems

P. aeruginosa

- naturally resistant to many widely used antibiotics so treatment of infections is often difficult - a model organism used to study the development of microbial biofilms

P. aeruginosa

- well-known plant pathogens (phytopathogens) – meaning they inhabit nonhost plants and from there become transmitted to host plants and initiate infection

P. syringae

- typically isolated from leaves showing chlorotic (yellowing) lesions

P. syringae

➢ contain facultatively aerobic oxidase-positive rods and curved rods that employ a fermentative metabolism

Vibrionales

➢ best-known genera in this group are Vibrio, Aliivibrio , and Photobacteriumwhich contain several bioluminescent species ➢ mostly aquatic, being found in marine, brackish, or freshwater habitats

Vibrionales

- cause of the disease cholera in humans which is transmitted almost exclusively via water

Vibrio cholerae

inhabits the marine environment and is a major cause of gastroenteritis in raw fish-eating countries

Vibrio parahaemolyticus

▪ eight orders have been well characterized within this class ▪ Orders Myxococcalesand Bdellovibrionalescontain notable genera of bacterial predators

Deltaproteobacteria

Epsilonproteobacteria

Sulfur-Metabolizing Epsilonproteobacteria