A-C: Principles, Rationale, Infection Control

70問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Introduced by Dr. SC Burman in 1864; most time consuming yet used for dry aseptic field and prevents contamination of root canal with oral microbial flora.

Rubber Dam

Considered to be anatomically shaped rubber dam which can be used with or without clamps.

Optradam

A disposable rubber dam system available in both latex and non later materials.

Instidam

Auto-clabvable sheets of thin, flat latex, that has shiny and dull side.

Rubber Dam Sheets

Designed to retract and stabilize the dam.

Rubber Dam Frame

It is used to stabilize the interproximal area of the rubber dam. It is flexible material that can be passed over the dam interproximally below the contact area.

Widget Cord

A combination of processes including cleanin, disinfection, and sterilization, used to make reusable surgical instruments safe for further use.

Decontamination Cycle

This can be achieved either by manual or mechanical means.

Cleaning

A process which uses chemical substances or heat to reduce the number of microorganisms present.

Disinfection

Should be performed before sterilization in order to ensure that appropriate safety levels are maintained.

Inspection

Required for items which are to be stored for later use.

Packaging

A process to render an object free from viable microorganisms, including bacterial spores and viruses.

Sterilization

Risk procedure where items come in contact only with skin, thermometer, and blood pressure cuffs.

Low

Risk procedure where instruments come in contact with intact mucous membranes such as mouth mirrors and probes.

Medium

Risk procedure where instruments come into contact with breaches of skin or when they enter a sterile body cavity such as endodontic microsurgical procedure.

High

A method for chair side disinfection of non critical instruments and chair side accessories and cannot replace the role of steam sterilization; 29 minutes and non effective.

Cold Sterilization

It is essentially consist of metal cup which table salt is kept between 425° and 475° F.

Hot Salt Sterilizer

May be effectively substituted to hot salt sterilizer; 5-15secs. at 437° to 465° F.

Glass Bead Sterilizer

Done if the patient has history of rheumatic fever or heart ailment involving heart valves.

Chemoprophylaxis

This can be achieved by relieving occlusal stresses or by relieving contact with the opposing tooth if pain is present.

Immobilization

T or F. All trauma should be avoided.

True

T or F. Coronal leakage is one of the cause of failure in endodontic treatment.

True

Branch of dental science which deals with morphology, physiology, and pathology of human dental pulp and periradicular tissues.

Endodontics

T or F. Endo means inside and dontia means tooth.

True

Check all (5) that is not limited yet included in Endodontics.

Diagnosis, Pulp Treatment, Bicuspidization, Hemi-Section, Protho Jacket

T or F. Necrotic still got pulp while hyperplastic means dead and no pulp.

False

Chinese introduced this theory that lasted until 18th century; used arsenic to treat and kill it.

Worm Theory

Greek and Romans introduced treating pulp by ______ with hot needle or boiling oil which contains opium.

Greek and Romans

Considered as the Father of Modern Dentistry.

Pierre Fauchard

During this era, treatment was crude and abscesses teeth were treated with leeches.

Pre Science Era

During this era, founding of first dentak journal and dental school were marked.

Age of Discovery

During this era, discovery and development of x-ray, local anesthetics, and acceptance of antiseptic were highlighted.

Dark Age

During this era, improvement of radiographs, anesthetics, and procedures as well as the introduction of new methods and agent were introduced.

Renaissance

During this era, methods of cleaning and shaping root canals were improved.

Innovation Era

Check all (6) Objectives of Endodontics

Retain tooth inside the oral cavity., Relieve pain., Removal of diseased pulp., Disinfection of root and surrounding structures by cleaning and shaping root canal walls., Complete filling of root canals., Placement of final restoration.

Check all (8) causes of failure in Endodontics

Perforation, Obturation Incomplete, Overfill, Root Canal Overlooked, Periodontal Disease, Another Tooth, Split Tooth, Trauma

Check all (3) causes of Endodontic Pathology

Physical, Chemical, Bacterial

Rationale of endodontic therapy is _______ debridement of root canal system followed by ______-dimensional obturation.

Complete - Three

It is localized or general infection caused by the dissemination of microorganisms or toxic products from a focus.

Focal Infection

T or F. William Hunter first suggested that oral microorganisms and their products involved in number of systemic diseases are always of infectious origin.

False

Check (2) Mechanism of Focal Infection

Metastasis of Microorganisms, Carrying of Toxins or Toxic By-product

Check all (4) Major Pathways of Entry For Palpak and Periapical Infection

Dentinal Tubules, Pulp Exposure, Periodontal Ligament, Anachoresis

Refers to the attraction of blood borne bacteria in the areas of inflammation.

Anachoresis

It is the local physiological reaction if the body to noxious stimuli or irritants.

Inflammation

Check all (4) General Causes of Inflammation

Physical, Chemical, Infective, Immunological

Check all (4) Specific Causes of Inflammation

Bacterial, Iatrogenic, Traumatic, Idiopathic

T or F. Vascular responses in pulp are mediated by Histamine, Serotonin, Vasoactive Neuropeptides.

True

It is another firm of degeneration which is due to PMN cells.

Suppuration

These are fibroblast which lay down cellular fibrous tissues.

Principal Cells

This theory consists of: Zone A - microorganisms as army and foramina as mountain pass; Zone B - periapical tissue as plains; Zone C - Leukocytes as defense force.

Mountain Pass Theory

Check all (4) Zones of Fish

Stimulation, Irritation, Contamination, Infection

T or F. The rationale of root canal treatment relies on the fact that vital pulp has no defense mechanism.

False

The disinfecting solution commonly used in Endodontics.

Sodium Hypochlorite

Traditionally, Hepatitis ___ has been the benchmark disease on which infection control has been based.

The process that destroys all types and forms of microorganisms.

Sterilization

The process less lethal than sterilization, only reducing the number of viable microorganism present.

Disinfection

These disinfection level can kill some but not all, bacterial spores; tuberculocidal.

High

This disinfection level is capable of killing Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, HBV, and HIV.

Intermediate

This disinfection level kills most bacteria, some fungi and viruses but not M. Tuberculosis or Bacterial Spores.

Low

A process or agent that destroys bacteria.

Bactericidal

A process of agent that inhibits growth or multiplication of bacteria.

Bacteriostatic

It is a waste that has been generally or has been used in the diagnosis, treatment, or immunization of human being or animals.

Biomedical Waste

Also called infectious waste containing materials that has potentially infectious substance.

Biohazardous Waste

It is a waste that contains empty specimen containers, bandages or dressings containing non liquid blood, surgical gloves and other materials that are not biohazardous.

Medical Solid Waste

A chemical agent that is applied to living tissues.

Antiseptic

A chemical or physical agent that is applied to inanimate object.

Disinfectant

Most commonly used to preserve specimens.

Formaldehyde

Most commonly used for anesthetic tubes and face masks.

Glutaraldehyde

Typical method of sterilization for most health care facilities; 30mins. at 259° F at 15 psi.

Autoclaving

The most important means of preventing disease transmission.

Hand Hygiene

FPD Reviewer

Kel Sy · 77問 · 2年前

FPD Reviewer