PAES 1.2

100問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Channel which releases surplus or flood water, which cannot be contained in the active storage space of the reservoir

Spillway

Method of applying irrigation water, similar to natural rainfall where water is distributed through a system of pipes by pumping, and then sprayed into the air through sprinkler so that it breaks up into smaller water drops which fall to the ground

Sprinkler irrigation

Distance between two sprinkler heads along the lateral

Sprinkler spacing

Total capacity at normal water surface elevation

Storage capacity

Ratio of the storage capacity to the total earth volume required for embankment construction, which indicates the relative cost of different types of reservoir

Storage ratio

Vertical distance, measured from the top of the dam down to the bedrock

Structural height

Application of water by gravity flow to the surface of the field. Either the entire field is flooded (basin irrigation), or the water is fed into small channels (furrows) or strips of land or borders.

Surface irrigation system

Width of the channel cross-section at the free surface

top width

Aquifer, which has water table serving as upper surface of the zone of saturation

Unconfined aquifer

Ratio of the particle size at 60% passing to that at 10% passing

Uniformity coefficient

What is the particle size or ratio in uniform coefficient?

60% passing to 10% passing

Occurs when flow has a constant water area, depth discharge an average velocity through a reach of channel

Uniform flow

Rainfall pattern with five wet months of more than 200 mm per month five dry months of less than 100 mm per month to transition months of 100 mm 200 mm per month and a total of annual rainfall above 1500 mm

Unimodal rainfall pattern

Also known as unlined canal

unlined channels

These are canal that are cut through the soil in which the soil excavated from the bed are used to form the embankment

unlined channels

Side of the embankment wetted by the impounded water

Upstream face

Any material either solid liquid, semi solid, contain gas or other forms, resulting from industrial commercial mining or agricultural operations or community and household activities that is devoid of usage and discarded

Waste

Waste and liquid state containing pollutants

Wastewater

Accounting of water inflows, such as irrigation and rainfall and outflow, such as evaporation, seepage and percolation

Water balance

Area which contributes to runoff or drains water into the reservoir

Watershed

Privilege granted by the government to use an appropriate water

Water right

Record of formation stratification of an aquifer, showing the depth thickness degree of consolidation and other aquifer physical characteristics

Well log

Reservoir where the opera reaches of the basin is shielded by high mountain barriers

Well protected reservoir

The diameter of the circular area, wetted by the sprinkler when operating at the given pressure and no wind

wetted diameter

Portion of the perimeter of the canal that is in contact with the flowing water

wetted perimeter

Width of the strip that would be wetted by a row of emitters space at their optimal spacing along a single lateral line

wetted widths

Dam consisting a central impervious core flanked between zones of more pervious materials

zoned embankment

Field that is level in all directions in Compass by a diet to prevent runoff, and provides an indirect flow of water into the field

Basin

Type of surface irrigation where water is applied to the basin through a gap in the perimeter, deck or adjacent ditch

Basin irrigation

Method of irrigation, which makes use of parallel border strips, where the water floats down the slope at the nearly uniform depth

Border irrigation

Area of land bounded by two border ridges, or dikes, that guide the irrigation stream from the inlet point of application at the end of the strip

Border strip

Small parallel channels made to carry water in order to irrigate the crop

furrows

Method of irrigation, where water runs through small parallel channel as it moves down the slope of the field

furrow irrigation

Small channel along one part of a field that is used for distributing water in surface irrigation

Head ditch

Application of water by gravity flow to the surface of the field. Either the entire field is flooded, or the water is fed into small channels or strip of land.

Surface irrigation system

Give the following data required in the selection and design of the surface irrigation system

Slope, Soil type, Type of crop, Irrigation depth, Stream size

Give the types of basin irrigation

Closed single basin, Multiple/ sequential basin

Give the design criteria in sequential basin

Topography, Soil type, Application rate, Irrigation volume, Intake opportunity time, Depth of water, Design, application, efficiency, Basin dikes, supply ditches, Outlet location, Drainage, Erosion, Agricultural practice

Irrigation water is led directly from the field channel into the basin through siphons, spiles or band breaks

Direct method

Irrigation water is supplied to the highest terrace and then allowed to float all lower terrace and so on

Cascade method

Give the types of border irrigation

Open-end border system, Block-end Border System

This type of system is usually applied to a large borders where the end borders are pro provided with openings to accommodate three flow of water for drainage

open-end border system

This is usually applied to small borders where the end borders to restrict the further downward flow of water

Block-end Border System

What are the types of furrow irrigation?

Corrugation Irrigation, Zigzag furrow

This shall be measured from the furrow intake to the end of the furrow

furrow length

Any variation shall be recorded

furrow slope

This shall be measured as the distance between the center lines of the wetted furrows

furrow spacing

The furrow Cross-section, which includes depth and top with the Shelby determine the using a profilometer

furrow geometry

The location and extent of major soil type shall be determined

Soil type and condition

The soil moisture content shall be determined prior to irrigation

Soil, moisture, depletion

The type of crop and cultivation practices shall be noted

Type of crop

It is determined using flumes or devices or wares

Inflate

The time at which the waterfront reaches each mark station shall be recorded

Advanced rate

The rate of runoff at each test Faro shall be recorded

Runoff

The flow depth and top wave of each arrow at each station shall also be recorded

wetted cross section

The time, when, in flow to the furrows shall be recorded

Recession

This shall be determined one to three days after the irrigation event

Post irrigation soil water

Generate the furrow in flow hydrograph by plotting the inflow to the furrow against time

furrow Inflow hydrograph

Generate the furrow runoff by hydrograph by plotting the outflow against time

Runoff hydrograph

Generate the graph of area, unwed parameter against furrow depth

furrow shape analysis

Average sprinkle pressure of a lateral

Average pressure

Pressure required overcome the elevation difference between the water source and the sprinkler nozzle to counteract friction losses and provide adequate pressure at the nozzle for good water distribution

Design pressure

Numerical value on the uniformity of application for agricultural irrigation system

Distribution uniformity

Time required to cover an area with one application of water

Irrigation period

Method of applying arrogation water, similar to natural rainfall or water, is distributed through a system of pipes by pumping, and then sprayed into the air through sprinkler so that it breaks up into small water drops which fall to the ground

Sprinkler irrigation

Distance between two sprinkler heads along the lateral

Sprinkler spacing

Diameter of the circular area, wet by the sprinkler when operating at the given pressure and no wind

wetted diameter

Delivers water from the source to the pipes system at an adequate capacity

Pump unit

Consist of screen openings considerably lower than the nozzle diameter to prevent nozzles from clogging

Filtration system

Device of various nozzle sizes which sprays water over the ground or crop

Sprinklers

Pumps which convey water from the pump to the laterals

Mainline and submainlines

Deliver water from the main lines or sub main lines to the sprinklers

Lateral

A type of sprinkler system that operate with sprinkler set in a fixed position

Set system

A type of sprinkler system where sprinklers that must be moved manually through a series of position during the course of irrigation

Periodic move system

Composed of portable or bird pipe with value outlets at intervals for attaching the portable laterals

Hand move system

Types of hand move system

Portable, semi, portable, and drag hose type

What are the types of sprinkler system?

Set system, periodic, move system, hand, move system, mechanical, move, system, fixed system, and continuous move system

It is a crapping pattern where crops are planted in succession year after year

Crop rotation

Where four crops are grown in sequence one after the other

Multiple cropping

Wear short duration catch crops are grown between rows of long, duration crops

Intercropping

Wear different crop planted in a tight schedule

Relay cropping

Numerical harvest of lowland rice

0.61

Harvest of soybean, cowpea, and mungbean

0.50

Harvest percentage of wheat

0.50

Harvest percentage of peanut

0.50

Harvest percentage of tobacco, corn, and cabbage

0.75 0.55 0.65

What is the percolation value of clay?

1.25 mm per day

Percolation of silty clay

1.5

Percolation of clay loam

1.75

Percolation of silty clay loam

1.75

Percolation of Sandy Clay loam

Two

Percolation of sandy loam

4 mm a day

What is the infiltration and permeability rate of Sandy?

Five and 2.5 to 25

What is the total poor space of Sandy

What is the apparent specific gravity of Sandy?

1.65

What is the field capacity of Sandy?

What is the permanent welding point of Sandy?

Four

What are the following parameters shall be determined in order to design an open channel

Sign discharge or flow capacity, flow, velocity, roughness coefficient, canal cross section, bottom slope, and free board

The design discharge, for the main canal shall be equal to the blank

Diversion water requirement

100

The design discharge for the main form that shall be equal to the blank

Farm water requirement

Materials

ユーザ名非公開 · 100問 · 2年前

Materials