Mining 3

80問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Are acient surfaces of erosion and/or non-deposition indicate gap or hiatus in the stratigraphic record. May be represented on a map

Unconformities

This occur when sedimentary layers are deposited over an erosional surface in horizontal layers but with a gap in the time represented in the rock layers

Disconformity

This type occurs when titled or folded sedimentary layers are overlain by younger, more horizontal sedimentary layers

Angular Unconformity

This occurs when sedimentary rocks are deposited on top of older igneous or metamorphic rocks

Nonconformity

Color of slag in fire assaying if slag containing _____ often has a green color

Ferrous Silicates

In fire assaying, when slag contains high amounts of ____ especially in the ferric state, it can be black or dark gray

Iron oxides

In fire assaying, if there is an excess of ferric iron or copper oxides, the slag will have a color of ____

Reddish-Brown

In fire Assaying, slags in reach of ____ may appear yellow to brown

Lead oxides

In fire assaying, Slags that are high in silica or lime often have a ______ appearance

White to light gray

A crystal face, are well-formed and distinct

Euhedral

Also called Allotriomorphic, form when space for crystal growth is limited, leading to irregular shapes

Anhedral

Crystal face that are somewhere in between, with partly developed face

Subhedral

Flotation reagent that are chemicals that selctively bind to the surface of valuable minerals, making them hyrdrophobic (water-repellent) so thay can attach to air bubbles and rise to the surface for collection

Collectors

Flotation Reagents that reduces the surface tension of water, allowing bubbles to form more easily and persist in longer pulp

Frothers

Flotation reagent to help control the chemical environment in the flotation pulp. They can activate or deprees, adjust pH, and enhance the effectiveness of other reagents

Modifers

Re used in thickening stage of flotation to promote the clumping of fine particles, aiding in their removal from the pulp

Flocculants

PH adjusters: increases pH and helps depressing pyrite

lime

Depressant reagent used to depress iron oxides or certain non-sulfide minerals

Starch

While inner core doesnt directly produce the magnetic field, its growth and heat contribute indirectly to sustaining the ____ in the outer core

Geodynamo

solid, very hot, composed of iron and nickel, indirectly contributes in the magnetic field by releasing heat

Inner Core

Liquid, slightly cooler, composed of molten iron and nickel, directly generates Earths Magnetic Field

Outer core

PHIVOLCS is under DOST responsible for monitoring, studying, and mitigating volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis which are common in the region due to its location alon the _____

Pacific Ring of Fire

These volcanoes that have erupted within historical times and shows evidence of activity as seismicity, gas emissions or hot springs

Active Volcanoes

Volcanoes that are morphologically young looking but have no historical or analytical records of eruptions are classified as ____

Potentially Active Volcanoes

These volcanoes shows no signs of current or recent activity

Inactive or Extinct Volcanoes

A slow movement of soil and rock, but is often less water and can occur in variety of climates

Creep

Is a form of mass wasting that occurs when waterlogged soil moves slowly downslope due to the saturation of the surface layer, especially in areas where water cannot escape into deeper soils layer

Solifluction

Refers ghe way of light interacts with the surface of a minerals and is an important characteristic used in identify minerals

Luster

Example of Vitreous Luster

Quartz

Examples of Luster: Shiny and reflective like metal; oftern Opaque

Pyrtite, Galena, Hematite

Looks like resin and plastic; somewhat shiny but not as reflective as vitreous

Resinous Luster

The luster of Sphalerite is typically described as Vitreous to ____

Resinous

MVT deposits are often found jn carbonated rocks, primarily ____

Limestone

Refers to the number of openings per linear inch in the sieve

Mesh Number

This term typically describes the amount of material processed plant over a specified period, often measured in tons per hour (TPH) or other volume/mass units

Throughput

The max output that crushing system is designed to achieve under ideal conditions

Design Capacity

The capcity that accounts for downtime, maintenance, and operational inefficiencies

Effective Capacity

Flows are fast-moving currents of hot gas,ash and volcanic rock that flow down the slopes of a volcano during explosive eruptions

Pyroclastic Flows

Glowing cloud in french

Nuée ardente

This is a coarse-grained, dark-colored igneous rock primarily composed of pagioclase, feldspar, pyroxene and sometimes olivine

Gabbro

These terms refer to medium-grained of gabbro, typically exhibiting a similar miniral composition but with a finer grain size

Diabase/Dolerite

Is commonly used jn the production of iron and other metals, particularly in the prep of iron ore fines for blast furnace charging

Sintering

Pyrometallurigical processes operate at elevated temp often exceeds ____ (1832°F)

1000°C

Is primarily composed of pagioclase feldaspar (50% or more) and Quartz, has a high silica content, typically from 60% to 75%

Pagiogranite

is often found in specific volcanic settings, particularly in the Izu-Bonin arc in Japan, it is considered an indicator or certain tectonic settings and volcanic processes

Boninite

Is primarily made up of pagiclase feldspar (usually 50% or more) and pyroxene particularly augite and other minor amounts of minerals

Norite

crucial process, by enabling the thermal decomposition of materials, plays a vital role in the production of essential materials like lime and cement and facilitates the extraction of metals from ores

Calcination

Are diverse caves formations that arise deposition of minerals, primarily calcium carbonate, as water drips and flows through caves

Speleothems

Icicle-shaped formations that hang the ceiling of caves

Stalactites

Formationa that connect the stalactites and stalagmites, creating continuous pillar

Column

Thin, sheet-like formations that hang down like curtains from the ceiling, can be called as Curtains

Draperies

Unique, twisting speleothems that grow in various directions

Helictites

Branched, antler-like formations. Aka Collaroids

Antler

Occurs at Convergent Plate Boundaries, specifically in subduction zones where an oceanic plate is subducting beneath another plate

The Wadati Benioff zone

Is a region in Earths upper mantle where seismic waves slow down indicating changes in material properties compared to the surrounding layers. Found btw 80 to 200 km beneath Earths crust

Low velocity zone

Leading country for Manganes production

South Africa

Another name for Bullen Layer

Gutenberg Discontinuity

These are formed from the accumulation of rock fragments that are transported by water, wind, or ice then compacted and cemented over time

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks

Are clastic sedimentary rocks composed of rounded gravel sized clasts cemented together by finer matrix. Transported by distance by water, wind or ice which smooths their edges

Conglomerates

Clast supported, well sorted

Orthoconlomerate

Matrix supported poorly sorted

Paraconglomerate

Clast of many different types

Polymictic Conglomerate

Clasts of few similar types

Oligomictic Conglomerate

Clasts and matrix from the same formation

Intraformational Conglomerate

Clast from outside the formation

Extrafirmational Conglomerate

Formed from glacial till, unsorted with angular clasts

Tillite

Purple quartz valued as a gemstone

Amethyst

Yellow to orange quartz, also used in jewelry

Citrine

Pink quartz

Rose quartz

Brown to black quartz

Smoky Quartz

Formed by the grinding and fracturing of rocks along a fault line

Fault Breccia

Made up of sand sized particles (mostly quartz) found in rivers beaches and deserts

Sandstone

Composed of fine grained silt and clay particles, forms at quiet environments

Shale

Finer than sandstone but coarser than shale

Siltstone

Composed mainly of calcium carbonate, Usually from marine organisms like coral and shellfish

Limestone

Made of microcrystalline quartz can form as nodules within limestone

Chert

Examples include rock salt(halite) and gypsum

Evaporites

Similar to limestone but contains a high percentage of mineral dolomite, forms when magnesium-rich water altera limestone

Dolostone

parting solution often employed for seperating silver from gold

Nitric Acid

A mixture of HCl and nitric acid that can dissolve gold

Aqua Regia

Mineral Processing

Mineral Processing

Chemical Composition

Chemical Composition

Mineral Physical Properties

ユーザ名非公開 · 52問 · 1年前

Mineral Physical Properties

Petrology

Petrology

Coal

Coal

Structural Geology

Structural Geology

Economic Geoglogy

Economic Geoglogy

Surveying

Surveying

Ecology

Ecology

Prospecting And Exploration

ユーザ名非公開 · 83問 · 1年前

Prospecting And Exploration

83問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

Mine safety and Health

ユーザ名非公開 · 48問 · 1年前

Mine safety and Health

Ventilation

Ventilation

Bomasang Magazine

Bomasang Magazine

Rare earth

Rare earth

Mining Methods

Mining Methods

問題一覧

Are acient surfaces of erosion and/or non-deposition indicate gap or hiatus in the stratigraphic record. May be represented on a map

Unconformities

This occur when sedimentary layers are deposited over an erosional surface in horizontal layers but with a gap in the time represented in the rock layers

Disconformity

This type occurs when titled or folded sedimentary layers are overlain by younger, more horizontal sedimentary layers

Angular Unconformity

This occurs when sedimentary rocks are deposited on top of older igneous or metamorphic rocks

Nonconformity

Color of slag in fire assaying if slag containing _____ often has a green color

Ferrous Silicates

In fire assaying, when slag contains high amounts of ____ especially in the ferric state, it can be black or dark gray

Iron oxides

In fire assaying, if there is an excess of ferric iron or copper oxides, the slag will have a color of ____

Reddish-Brown

In fire Assaying, slags in reach of ____ may appear yellow to brown

Lead oxides

In fire assaying, Slags that are high in silica or lime often have a ______ appearance

White to light gray

A crystal face, are well-formed and distinct

Euhedral

Also called Allotriomorphic, form when space for crystal growth is limited, leading to irregular shapes

Anhedral

Crystal face that are somewhere in between, with partly developed face

Subhedral

Collectors

Flotation Reagents that reduces the surface tension of water, allowing bubbles to form more easily and persist in longer pulp

Frothers

Flotation reagent to help control the chemical environment in the flotation pulp. They can activate or deprees, adjust pH, and enhance the effectiveness of other reagents

Modifers

Re used in thickening stage of flotation to promote the clumping of fine particles, aiding in their removal from the pulp

Flocculants

PH adjusters: increases pH and helps depressing pyrite

lime

Depressant reagent used to depress iron oxides or certain non-sulfide minerals

Starch

While inner core doesnt directly produce the magnetic field, its growth and heat contribute indirectly to sustaining the ____ in the outer core

Geodynamo

solid, very hot, composed of iron and nickel, indirectly contributes in the magnetic field by releasing heat

Inner Core

Liquid, slightly cooler, composed of molten iron and nickel, directly generates Earths Magnetic Field

Outer core

PHIVOLCS is under DOST responsible for monitoring, studying, and mitigating volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and tsunamis which are common in the region due to its location alon the _____

Pacific Ring of Fire

These volcanoes that have erupted within historical times and shows evidence of activity as seismicity, gas emissions or hot springs

Active Volcanoes

Volcanoes that are morphologically young looking but have no historical or analytical records of eruptions are classified as ____

Potentially Active Volcanoes

These volcanoes shows no signs of current or recent activity

Inactive or Extinct Volcanoes

A slow movement of soil and rock, but is often less water and can occur in variety of climates

Creep

Is a form of mass wasting that occurs when waterlogged soil moves slowly downslope due to the saturation of the surface layer, especially in areas where water cannot escape into deeper soils layer

Solifluction

Refers ghe way of light interacts with the surface of a minerals and is an important characteristic used in identify minerals

Luster

Example of Vitreous Luster

Quartz

Examples of Luster: Shiny and reflective like metal; oftern Opaque

Pyrtite, Galena, Hematite

Looks like resin and plastic; somewhat shiny but not as reflective as vitreous

Resinous Luster

The luster of Sphalerite is typically described as Vitreous to ____

Resinous

MVT deposits are often found jn carbonated rocks, primarily ____

Limestone

Refers to the number of openings per linear inch in the sieve

Mesh Number

This term typically describes the amount of material processed plant over a specified period, often measured in tons per hour (TPH) or other volume/mass units

Throughput

The max output that crushing system is designed to achieve under ideal conditions

Design Capacity

The capcity that accounts for downtime, maintenance, and operational inefficiencies

Effective Capacity

Flows are fast-moving currents of hot gas,ash and volcanic rock that flow down the slopes of a volcano during explosive eruptions

Pyroclastic Flows

Glowing cloud in french

Nuée ardente

This is a coarse-grained, dark-colored igneous rock primarily composed of pagioclase, feldspar, pyroxene and sometimes olivine

Gabbro

These terms refer to medium-grained of gabbro, typically exhibiting a similar miniral composition but with a finer grain size

Diabase/Dolerite

Is commonly used jn the production of iron and other metals, particularly in the prep of iron ore fines for blast furnace charging

Sintering

Pyrometallurigical processes operate at elevated temp often exceeds ____ (1832°F)

1000°C

Is primarily composed of pagioclase feldaspar (50% or more) and Quartz, has a high silica content, typically from 60% to 75%

Pagiogranite

is often found in specific volcanic settings, particularly in the Izu-Bonin arc in Japan, it is considered an indicator or certain tectonic settings and volcanic processes

Boninite

Is primarily made up of pagiclase feldspar (usually 50% or more) and pyroxene particularly augite and other minor amounts of minerals

Norite

Calcination

Are diverse caves formations that arise deposition of minerals, primarily calcium carbonate, as water drips and flows through caves

Speleothems

Icicle-shaped formations that hang the ceiling of caves

Stalactites

Formationa that connect the stalactites and stalagmites, creating continuous pillar

Column

Thin, sheet-like formations that hang down like curtains from the ceiling, can be called as Curtains

Draperies

Unique, twisting speleothems that grow in various directions

Helictites

Branched, antler-like formations. Aka Collaroids

Antler

Occurs at Convergent Plate Boundaries, specifically in subduction zones where an oceanic plate is subducting beneath another plate

The Wadati Benioff zone

Is a region in Earths upper mantle where seismic waves slow down indicating changes in material properties compared to the surrounding layers. Found btw 80 to 200 km beneath Earths crust

Low velocity zone

Leading country for Manganes production

South Africa

Another name for Bullen Layer

Gutenberg Discontinuity

These are formed from the accumulation of rock fragments that are transported by water, wind, or ice then compacted and cemented over time

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks

Are clastic sedimentary rocks composed of rounded gravel sized clasts cemented together by finer matrix. Transported by distance by water, wind or ice which smooths their edges

Conglomerates

Clast supported, well sorted

Orthoconlomerate

Matrix supported poorly sorted

Paraconglomerate

Clast of many different types

Polymictic Conglomerate

Clasts of few similar types

Oligomictic Conglomerate

Clasts and matrix from the same formation

Intraformational Conglomerate

Clast from outside the formation

Extrafirmational Conglomerate

Formed from glacial till, unsorted with angular clasts

Tillite

Purple quartz valued as a gemstone

Amethyst

Yellow to orange quartz, also used in jewelry

Citrine

Pink quartz

Rose quartz

Brown to black quartz

Smoky Quartz

Formed by the grinding and fracturing of rocks along a fault line

Fault Breccia

Made up of sand sized particles (mostly quartz) found in rivers beaches and deserts

Sandstone

Composed of fine grained silt and clay particles, forms at quiet environments

Shale

Finer than sandstone but coarser than shale

Siltstone

Composed mainly of calcium carbonate, Usually from marine organisms like coral and shellfish

Limestone

Made of microcrystalline quartz can form as nodules within limestone

Chert

Examples include rock salt(halite) and gypsum

Evaporites

Similar to limestone but contains a high percentage of mineral dolomite, forms when magnesium-rich water altera limestone

Dolostone

parting solution often employed for seperating silver from gold

Nitric Acid

A mixture of HCl and nitric acid that can dissolve gold

Aqua Regia