問題一覧
1
How much water does the interstitial fluid contain? (L)
10
2
A drug that is a weak ____ will donate a proton to water
Acid
3
Ketamine: (3)
Causes emergence delirium, Relieves somatic pain, Increases the CMRO2
4
Which of the following are true regarding Dexmedetomidine?
Onset: 10-20 min , Preserved respiratory drive, Alpha-2 agonist
5
The non-ionized fraction predominates if: (choose 2)
The molecule is a weak base, and the pH of the solution is > the pka of the drug , The molecule is a weak acid, and the pH of the solution is < pka of the drug
6
Choose the two that acidify urine:
Ammonium Chloride , Cranberry Juice
7
Choose the correct loading dose equation:
(Vd x desired cp) / biovailabilty
8
A drug with a Vd that exceeds TBW >0.6L/kg is assumed to be
lipophilic
9
Which enzyme is considered the most important in the cytochrome P450 system?
CYP 3A4
10
Which of the following describes an Enzyme Inducer accurately?
Decreased drug plasma level
11
The X-axis on the dose responsive curve correlates with:
The dose required to achieve a given effect
12
Which drug should be avoided in patients with acute adrenal failure due to its inhibition of 11-beta-hydroxylase?
Etomidate
13
Steady state is achieved after how many half-lives?
5
14
How much water does the ICF contain? (L)
28
15
What is the “context” in context-sensitive half-time?
Duration of infusion
16
Which anesthetic agent produces sedation the MOST closely resembles natural sleep?
Dexmedetomidine
17
Which of the following are organic anion transporters (OAT)?
Furosemide , Thiazide Diuretics , Penicillin
18
What is the initial IV dosage for Flumazenil to reverse benzodiazepines? (Numerical only of mg)
0.2
19
Which circumstance creates the STRONGEST gradient for the passage of local anesthetic from mother to the fetus?
Maternal alkalosis and fetal acidosis
20
Drugs with an ester linkage are MOST susceptible to which type of metabolism?
Hydrolysis
21
Which of the following are related to pharmacodynamics?
Potency , ED50, Antagonist
22
Identify drugs that undergo perfusion-dependent hepatic elimination: (3)
Fentanyl , Lidocaine , Propofol
23
Central nervous system effects of Etomidate include:
Myoclonus, Decreased ICP
24
Stimulating GABA-A receptors increases the influx of which ion to reduce the resting membrane potential?
Chloride
25
How is the volume of distribution affected when plasma protein binding increases?
Decreases
26
How much water does the ECF contain? (L)
14
27
SSRI’s, Omeprazole, and Erythromycin are:
Enzyme Inhibitors
28
A left shift on the dose-responsive curve indicates: (choose 3)
Increased affinity for receptor , Higher potency , Lower dose required
29
Co-administration of which drug reduces the observed potency of codeine?
Fluoxetine
30
Clearance is directly proportional to:
Blood flow to clearing organ, Extraction ratio
31
Which process is a phase 2 reaction?
Conjugation
32
The time it takes 50% of the drug to be removed from the plasma during elimination phase:
Elimination Half-time
33
Which preservative in propofol formulations should be avoided in infants?
Benzyl alcohol
34
How much water does the plasma volume contain? (L)
4
35
Propofol infusion syndrome is categorized by the presence of: (2)
Bradycardia , Metabolic acidosis
36
Which drugs may exhibit increased potency in a patient who frequently drinks grapefruit?
Midazolam , Fentanyl
37
Identify the drugs that are metabolized by nonspecific plasma esterases (3)
Esmolol , Remifentanil , Atracurium
38
Choose the 2 answers that correctly describe hydrophilic drugs:
Distributes into the total body water, but it does not distribute into fat , Requires a lower dose to achieve a given plasma concentration
39
Choose the BEST medication to reduce the risk of emergence delirium in the patient who has received ketamine:
Midazolam
40
Which of the statements regarding Basic Urine is true?
Excretes acidic drugs
41
Once the plateau phase is reached, additional drug does not produce additional effect.
True
42
Which anesthetic agent changes from a water-soluble drug to a lipid-soluble drug after intravenous injection?
Midazolam
43
How much water dose Total Body contain? (L)
42
44
Choose the true statements regarding Propofol:
Onset: 30-60 seconds , Decreased respiratory drive , GABA-A agonist
45
Choose which belong to a phase 1 reaction:
Oxidation , Reduction , Hydrolysis
46
Pharmacodynamics is the study of:
Effect site concentration and clinical effect