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問題一覧
1
Which of these increase myocardial compliance?
Aortic Insufficiency , Dilated Cardiomyopathy
2
Thiazide diuretics works by:
Inhibiting Na-Cl transporter in the distal convoluted tubule
3
Choose the following procedures that are considered “dirty” where the risk of transient bacteremia is higher:
Dental work involving gingival manipulation , Biopsy of infective lesions on skin or muscle , Respiratory procedures
4
What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes?
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
5
Priming the cardiopulmonary bypass machine with a balanced salt solution reduces all of the following EXCEPT:
Microvascular flow
6
Which cardiac biomarker is least sensitive for MI?
CK-MB
7
Which cardiopulmonary bypass oxygenator is preferred?
Membrane oxygenator
8
Ventricular compliance is determined by which equation?
Ventricular Volume / Ventricular Pressure
9
What is the most common cause of secondary HTN?
Renal artery stenosis
10
Choose the 2 drug types that target myocardium and vascular smooth muscle
Calcium channel blockers, Arteriodilators
11
Which antihypertensive class will lower BP from vasodilation and decreased SVR?
A1 antagonist
12
Which of these is not correct regarding physiologic adaptations with heart failure?
Up-regulation of Beta receptors
13
Choose the names for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy:
Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OHCM), Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH), Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS)
14
Which leads give us an ischemic detection rate up to 96%
Lead II, V4, V5
15
All clinically used CCB’s bind to the alpha 1 subunit of which voltage gates calcium channels?
L-type
16
Which is a compensatory mechanism in a patient with CHF?
Increased sympathetic tone
17
What are the 3 best EKG leads to monitor intraoperative ST changes?
V3 , V4 , V5
18
Hypertensive patients are ______ contracted, and agents that cause myocardial depression and vasodilation will expose this state
Volume
19
Which of the two most commonly causes hypertension?
Elevated SVR
20
______ filling pressures are required to prime the poorly compliant ventricle
Higher
21
Identify the 2 anesthetic considerations for constrictive pericarditis:
Kussmaul’s sign is usually present , Bradycardia should be avoided
22
Select the two options that can be used to reverse the vasoplegia produced by ACEI/ARBs
Vasopressin , Methylene Blue
23
What should the ACT be greater than to be considered adequate heparinization for bypass?
400
24
Which pump is preferred for cardiopulmonary bypass?
Centrifugal Pump
25
Antibiotic prophylaxis for infective endocarditis is NOT required for which pts?
Unrepaired cardiac valve disease , CABG, Coronary stent placement
26
Which interventions is MOST likely to precipitate hemodynamic instability in the patient with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Nitroglycerin
27
Essentially, 1mg of protamine how many units of heparin?
100
28
In order from highest to lowest, rank the ability for these CCBs to impair contractility:
Verapamil, Nifedipine , Diltiazem, Nicardipine