BTM 3

70問 • 1年前

問題一覧

increased myotatic reflexes, positive pyramidal signs (babinski)

Mark all the principles that are important and correct in the examination of movement patterns according to Janda

we evaluate by inspection, we dont touch the patient during examination

Sensorimotor stimulation according to Janda and Vávrová includes, among other things, So called preparatory procedures. State What is the aim of these preparatory procedures.

to assess the function and regulation of sensory stimulation, evaluate risk of fall, evaluate patients state

Mark the innervation of the pterygoideus medialis muscle

pterygoideus medialis (3rd branch of trigeminal)

Quadratus Lumborum: Insertion, functions, innervations

Insertion : 12th rib and lumbar vertebrae L1-L4, innervation: T12 and L1-L4, function: trunk lateroflexion

Characterize the So called trigger point and state one suitable physiotherapeutic technique for Its treatment

characteristics: hypertonic points in the muscle, can be evaluated by palpation, active or latent, technique name: PIR, post isometric relaxation

State the name of the V. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

name: trigeminal, facial sensation, jaw movement

State What is the basic goal of PIR with stretching according to Janda and further state state for the therapy of What problems/ disorders/ or muscles is this method intended for?

goal is to stretch/elongate a muscle, used for shortened muscles

Describe the starting position of the patient, especially describe in more detail the starting position of the UE for the application or the PIR method (according to Lewit) aimed at therapy for the mm.pronatores, further indicate the direction in which the therapist is resisting the patient

patient is sitting, hand supported on a table, therapist puts slight resistance in supination and patient resists with minimal effort, breathes in and when breathing out relaxes the contraction

Describe the two most common incorrect movement stereotypes of abduction in the shoulder according to Janda

Trunk lateroflexion, shoulder girdle elevation starts earlier

Briefly describe the “quadratus mechanism” (give characteristics, What it means, Where we find it, What is it related to)

compensatory movement during hip abduction Where QL elevates pelvis, pelvic elevation instead of pure hip abduction, QL compensates for weak glutes, during hip abduction testing in side Lying position, muscle imbalance, weakness of hip abductors (glutes)

Identify the periostal points that are typical of patients with rib blockages

Angulus costae

Mark all the incorrect statements

PIR according to Lewit is a procedure suitable for protherapy of hypertonic muscles and shortened muscles, PIR according to Lewit is a procedure suitable for the therapy of shortened muscles

Mark the tests Based on the Australian school for testing stabilization abilities in the area of the lumbar spine

Transversus abdominis muscle test (drawing in test), Test mm. multifidi, Intra abdominal pressure test

The aim of applying AEC procedure is to reduce the tone of the m. Iliopsoas on the right side, describe the 1st and 2nd phases of this technique, specifically which movement is performed by the patient and What movement is perfomed by the therapist

1st phase patient moves into extension of hip, 2nd phase therapist is pushing into flexion while patient is resisting and pushing into extension- activating the antagonist muscles and relaxing the iliopsoas

State the name of the I. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Olfactory nerve, Test smell by using a smell (coffee, mint)

State the name of the II. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Optic nerve, Shine a light into the eye and see pupil get smaller

State the name of the III. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Oculomotor nerve, Close and open eyes

State the name of the IV. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Trochlear nerve, Look down

State the name of the VI. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Abducens nerve, Look to sides

State the name of the VII. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Facial nerve, Elevate eyebrows, smile

State the name of the VIII. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Vestibulocochlear nerve, Snap fingers or whisper behind each ear, balance

State the name of the IX. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Glossopharyngeal nerve, Swallowing

State the name of the X. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Vagus nerve, Check pulse

State the name of the XI. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Accessory nerve, Elevation of shoulders

State the name of the XII. Cranial nerve and write briefly how it is examined

Hypoglossal nerve, Stick tongue out

Anaerobic glycolysis, aerobik krebs cycle, fat metabolism ATP/glucose

2 anaerobic, 38 aerobik, 130-140 fat

Types of muscle fibers

fast glycolytic, fast oxidative glycolytic, slow oxidative

Upper cross syndrome: tight, weak

tight: cervical extensors, pectorals, weak: deep neck flexors, middle and lower traps

Lower cross syndrome weak tight

tight: hip flexors, spinal erectors, weak: glutes abdominals

Choose the appropriate sequence of therapeutic procedures for the correction of the movement pattern

Facilitation of inhibited muscles and subsequently strengthening of weakened muscles regardless to inapropriate activity of hypertonic muscles

Examples of testing related to ADL are

Barthel index

Dermo-neuromuscular facilitation is the approach:

which uses the terms proprioceptive stimulation, indication and re education

Diadochokinesis is characterized as:

inability of diadochokinesis charakteristics of cereberall impairement

Name 5 functions of fascia

Protection, Reduce impacts, Connection between structures, Tenselity, Help in absorption processes

Choose the correct statement about fascias

reflex changes could be observed in the fascial tissue

The mechanism of effect of sensory motor exercises lies

in influencing motor programs originating from the CNS

During the “functional training” we use

the patients daily activities

Segmental stabilisation function tests

are performed in both vertical and horizontal directions

The movement pattern according to Janda is characterised as

a set of conditioned and unconditioned reflexes that repeat stereotypically

The muscle timing for rebuilding the movement pattern of extension in the hip joint according to Janda is as follows:

The ischiocrural (hamstrings) and erector spinae muscles are activated first, followed by the contraction of the gluteus maximus muscle, which is delayed, reduced, or completely absent.

Choose the appropriate sequence of therapeutic procedures for the correction of the movement pattern:

Relaxation of hypertonic muscles and subsequent facilitation of inhibited muscles

Criteria of test tools are

Reliability, which is a measure of the sensitivity of the test to changes.

List 4 typical deviations in the configuration of the trunk that can predict stabilization function issues:

winging of scapula, No co-activation of transversus abdominis with trunk flexion, Hyperlordosis of the lumbar spine, Asymmetry in the pelvic position

Describe the 2 most common types of hip abduction movement pattern remodeling according to Janda:

The movement is initiated by the quadratus lumborum instead of the gluteus medius, leading to pelvic elevation., Instead of proper abduction, the movement involves hip flexion caused by overactivity of the quadriceps.

Describe the basic procedure of "small foot" exercise:

Begin with heel contact and gradually guide the arch formation towards the middle of the foot., Encourage the patient to contract the intrinsic foot muscles without using the toes excessively.

List 4 causes of muscle hypertonia:

Problems with the central nervous system (CNS), Excess of training, Postural dysfunction, Pain or protective reflex activation

Describe 4 basic differences between a central nervous system disorder and a peripheral nervous system disorder

CNS disorder can affect the whole body, CNS disorders cause spasticity, while PNS disorders cause flaccidity., CNS disorders involve upper motor neurons; PNS disorders involve lower motor neurons., CNS disorders affect reflexes (e.g., hyperreflexia), while PNS disorders reduce or eliminate reflexes (areflexia).

List 4 pyramidal irritation signs characteristic of central nervous system involvement:

Positive Babinski sign, Clonus, Hyperreflexia, Spastic muscle tone

Full name of the therapeutic approach and at least 5 indications:

Sensorimotor Stimulation, To help improve balance and proprioception., To correct poor posture., To reduce falls in older patients, For unstable ankle rehabilitation, For unstable knee rehabilitation

Name three basic areas of the body facilitated in Janda and Vávrová's proprioceptive exercise approach:

Cervical spine, Sacroiliac joints, Foot

Common names of the three systems responsible for body stability (according to Panjabi):

Passive system (ligaments bones), Active system (tendons muscles), Neural control system (CNS)

Procedure for the "Agistic Eccentric Contracting (AEC)" method:

First performing a concentric contraction of the antagonist muscle., Followed by an eccentric contraction of the agonist muscle.

Neurophysiological principle of the "Lewit PIR" method:

Bringing the muscle to relaxation by using a light contraction against resistance while in a correct starting position.

State so-called pyramidal irritating phenomena (signs) and their significance:

Mingazzini, Babinski, Oppenheim, Dufo, Dysfunction of the pyramidal tract (upper motor neuron lesion

Patient with median nerve involvement (Grade 1 muscle strength): State the effective procedures for functional therapy:

Manual muscle facilitation technique, Active assisted movements, Sensory re-education therapy

List at least 4 procedures to examine the function of the hip abductor muscles:

Trendelenburg test, Muscle Strength Test, Single leg stance test, Gait analysis (hands in air)

Indicate which patients you would recommend Kenny's therapy for:

Cerebral Palsy, Stroke, Bells palsy

Indicate the insertions, innervation, function, and procedure for the rectus femoris muscle:

Insertions: Patella to tibial tuberosity, Innervation: Femoral nerve, Function: Extension of the knee, Procedure to influence shortened rectus femoris: PIR & Stretching

Give at least 2 tests to evaluate the deep stabilization system (Kolář):

Diaphragm Stabilization Test, Raising Arm While Supine Test

Briefly describe the principle(s) for fascia examination:

Identify the restriction and reach the barrier., Perform pressure on the barrier, Ask the patient to breathe in and wait for release.

Insertions, innervation, function, and technique to relax the pectoralis minor muscle:

Insertions: Coracoid process of the scapula, Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve, Function: Depression and stabilization of the scapula, Supine, PIR

Describe the basic goals and standard of the abduction pattern in the hip joint according to Janda:

Goal: To identify altered movement patterns that may affect daily activities., Standard: Pure abduction with minimal hip flexion and no elevation of the pelvis.

Characterize Trigger Point and give names of several approaches for therapy:

A hyperirritable spot in a taut band of skeletal muscle that is painful on compression and can produce referred pain., Pressure on the spot (manual trigger point release), PIR

Procedure to examine deep sensation on the lower limb during a neurological examination:

supine, Move the big toe in different directions (up/down, etc.) while eyes are closed., describe the position of the toe.

Procedure to strengthen the quadriceps femoris muscle (manual muscle testing 3+):

Perform isometric quadriceps contractions, Use elastic resistance bands, dynamic exercises, aerobic exercises

Examination procedure for central movement problem (CMP):

Manual Muscle Strength Testing, mobility, posture, motor control

TUG (Timed Up and Go Test)

To test balance, mobility, and fall risk in daily life activities., seated on a chair with hands on their lap., stands up, walks 3 meters to a marked spot, turns around, and walks back to sit on the chair.

40" represents extension, "0" is the starting position, and "150" is flexion in SFTR

40-0-150

Name grips

power grip, precision grip, hook grip, pincer grip

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