BTM

Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris

Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor hallucis longus

Plantar flexion, Dorsi flexion, Eversion, Inversion

Flexion, Extension

Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis, Rectus femoris

Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Gracilis, Sartorius, Biceps femoris

posterior to anterior

left to right

inferior to superior

a living bone will react to the mechanical forces exerted on it

Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction, Internal rotation, External rotation

Pectineus, Iliopsoas, Rectus femoris, Tensor fasciae latae, Sartorius, Adductor magnus

Adductor magnus, Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Gluteus maximus

Gluteus minimus, Gluteus medius, Tensor fasciae latae

Adductor magnus, Adductor brevis, Adductor longus, Pectineus, Gracilis

Piriformis, Superior gemellus, Inferior gemellus, Obturator internus, Obturator externus, Quadratus femoris

Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, External rotation, Internal rotation

Levator scapulae, Upper trapezius

Pectoralis minor, Lower trapezius

Serratus anterior, Pectoralis minor

Rhomboids, Middle trapezius

Serratus anterior, Upper trapezius, Lower trapezius

Rhomboids, Levator scapulae, Pectoralis minor

Coracobrachialis, Biceps brachii, Deltoid, Pectoralis major

Latissimus dorsi, Teres major, Triceps brachii, Deltoid

Supraspinatus, Deltoid

Subscapularis, Teres minor, Teres major, Latissimus dorsi, Pectoralis major

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, Teres minor

Subscapularis, Teres major, Latissimus dorsi, Pectoralis major, Deltoid

Pronation, Supination

Flexion, Extension, Forearm supination, Forearm pronation

Pronator teres, Brachialis, Brachioradialis, Biceps brachii

Anconeus, Triceps brachii

Pronator teres, Pronator quadratus, Brachioradialis

Supinator, Brachioradialis, Biceps brachii

Distal radioulnar joint, Radiocarpal joint, Midcarpal joint

Flexion, Extension, Radial deviation, Ulnar deviation

Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris, Flexor carpi radialis

Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi radialis longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi ulnaris

Flexor carpi radialis, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor carpi radialis longus

Flexion over 90 degrees, Internal rotation, Adduction past body midline

Extension, External rotation, Adduction past body midline

Extension, External rotation, Adduction past body midline

Schober-L, Stibor-L-Th, Thomayer-C-L

Stibor-L-Th, Otta-Th FLX, Otta-Th EXT

Cepojev-C, Forestier-C, Thomayer-C-L, Latero flexion-C-L, Flexion of C

5cm

7-10cm

3-4cm

2-3cm

2.5-3cm

0cm

0cm

20-25cm

0cm

Impaired postural regulation, Effects of blood circulation, Deconditioning, Hypoventilation

Impaired postural regulation, Effects on blood circulation, Hypoventilation, Development of decubitus, Muscle atrophy

Maintain or increase ROM, Stretch shortened muscles, Avoid muscle contractures, Stimulate CNS

Setting goals, Instructing the patient, Choosing a starting position, Manual contact, Slow and fluent movement

Repetitive movement, Only certain joints and positions, Training isolated movements in joint

Rapid movements, Increase ROM, muscle stretch, Alternately rhythmic tension release muscle

Slow graduál movement, Maximal voluntary contraction, Agonist and synergist concentracion contractions

Choosing a starting position, Instructing the patient, Tempo and duration, Special fixation

Congestial risk factors, Acquired Non-controllable risk factors, Modifiable factors obtained, Environmental influenced

True

Redness of skin, Swelling on limb, Warm skin, Pain

Difficulty breathing, Caughing blood, Faster or irregular heartbeat, Chest pain

Compression therapy, Limb elevation, Early rehabilitation and mobilisation, Adequate hydration, Pharmacological prevention, Optimisation of body weight

Limitation or complete loss of active movements, Limited mobility, Decrease sensation

Non fading hyperemia, ulcerative defect, inflammation, Ulcer extending to muscular fascia, Necrosis extending

Skin reliéf, Prevention of trophic changes, Prevention of decubitus, Reducting risk of peripheral nerve damage, Regulation of muscle tone, Prevention of pneumonia

Sitting with back supported, Facilitates lung ventilation

Supine, bed upside down, Better blood supply, relieves circulation

Sitting in bed, Learning forward, Relieves breathlessness

Muscle atrophy, Osteoporosis (risk of fractures), Degenerative changes, Formation of heterotrophic ossification, Onset cardiopulmonary strain

Prevention of decubitus, Activation of muscles

Shape of skeleton, Pliability of soft tissue, Looseness of joint cavity, Age, Gender

Improving respiratory function, Prevent airway obstruction, Improve cough effectiveness, Improve endurance, Improve chest mobility, Corrective re-education of motor breathing parents

Respiratory training and stimulation, Breathing exercise (gymnastics), Corrective re education, Relaxation preparation, Corrective physiotherapy of postural system

Rib cage expand, Rib muscles contract, Diaphragm Contacts, moves down

Rib cage gets smaller, Rib muscles relax, Diaphragm relax, moves up

1:2

Diaphragm, Intercostales externi, Levatores costarum

Sternocleidomastiudus, scaleni, pectoralis major/minor

Intercostales interni, Intercostales intimi, Traversus thoracic

Obliquus externus, Obliquus internus, Transverzum abdominis

Lung disease, Pain in chest, Airway obstruction, Myopathy, Post Covid syndrom

Soft chest technique, Chest massage, Ball facilitation, Vibration

Renew basic breathing pattern, Based on respiratory training, Correction of postural alignment

Breathing movement of thorax with extremity movement, Part of individual functional training, Slow and accurate excursion

Combination of breathing, Large muscle groups activated

Autodrainage, Active cycle of breathing technique, Instrumental drainage technique, Inhalation treatment, Physical exercise

Grade 0: 90, Grade 1: 5, Grade 2: 5

Thigh doesnt touch the table, Knee doesnt bend more than 80

Grade 0: 40, Grade 1: 30, Grade 2: less than 30

Grade 0: 90, Grade 1: 80, Grade 2: less than 80

Grade 0: 10, Grade 1: 15, Grade 2: more than 15