問題一覧
1
Plantar flexors
Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris
2
Dorsiflexors (2)
Extensor digitorum longus, Extensor hallucis longus
3
Movements in Ankle joint (4)
Plantar flexion, Dorsi flexion, Eversion, Inversion
4
Movements in knee (2)
Flexion, Extension
5
Extensors of the knee (3)
Vastus medialis, Vastus lateralis , Rectus femoris
6
Knee flexors (6)
Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Gracilis, Sartorius, Biceps femoris
7
Sagittal axis passes from
posterior to anterior
8
Frontal axis passes from
left to right
9
Vertical axis passes from
inferior to superior
10
Wolffs law
a living bone will react to the mechanical forces exerted on it
11
Motions in Hip joint (6)
Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction, Internal rotation, External rotation
12
Hip flexors (6)
Pectineus, Iliopsoas, Rectus femoris, Tensor fasciae latae, Sartorius, Adductor magnus
13
Hip extensors (5)
Adductor magnus, Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus, Gluteus maximus
14
Hip abductors (3)
Gluteus minimus, Gluteus medius, Tensor fasciae latae
15
Hip adductors
Adductor magnus, Adductor brevis, Adductor longus, Pectineus, Gracilis
16
Hip external rotators (6)
Piriformis, Superior gemellus, Inferior gemellus, Obturator internus, Obturator externus, Quadratus femoris
17
Movements in shoulder joint (6)
Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, External rotation, Internal rotation
18
Muscles for scapular elevation
Levator scapulae, Upper trapezius
19
Muscles for scapular depression
Pectoralis minor, Lower trapezius
20
Muscles for scapular protraction
Serratus anterior, Pectoralis minor
21
Muscles for shoulder retraction
Rhomboids, Middle trapezius
22
Muscles for scapular update rotation (lateral)
Serratus anterior, Upper trapezius, Lower trapezius
23
Scapular downward rotation (middle)
Rhomboids, Levator scapulae, Pectoralis minor
24
Shoulder flexors (4)
Coracobrachialis, Biceps brachii, Deltoid , Pectoralis major
25
Shoulder extensors (4)
Latissimus dorsi, Teres major, Triceps brachii, Deltoid
26
Shoulder abductors (2)
Supraspinatus, Deltoid
27
Shoulder adductors (5)
Subscapularis, Teres minor , Teres major, Latissimus dorsi, Pectoralis major
28
Shoulder external rotators (4)
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Subscapularis, Teres minor
29
Shoulder internal rotators (5)
Subscapularis , Teres major, Latissimus dorsi , Pectoralis major, Deltoid
30
Movements in radioulnar joint (2)
Pronation, Supination
31
Elbow movements (4)
Flexion, Extension, Forearm supination, Forearm pronation
32
Elbow flexors (4)
Pronator teres, Brachialis, Brachioradialis, Biceps brachii
33
Elbow extensors (2)
Anconeus, Triceps brachii
34
Forearm pronators (3)
Pronator teres, Pronator quadratus, Brachioradialis
35
Forearm supinators (3)
Supinator, Brachioradialis, Biceps brachii
36
Wrist joints
Distal radioulnar joint , Radiocarpal joint, Midcarpal joint
37
Movements in wrist
Flexion, Extension, Radial deviation, Ulnar deviation
38
Wrist flexors (6)
Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Flexor carpi ulnaris, Flexor carpi radialis
39
Wrist extensors (4)
Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi radialis longus
40
Wrist ulnar deviators
Flexor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi ulnaris
41
Wrist radial deviators
Flexor carpi radialis , Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor carpi radialis longus
42
Contraindications after THR (PA)
Flexion over 90 degrees, Internal rotation, Adduction past body midline
43
Contraindications after THR (DA)
Extension, External rotation, Adduction past body midline
44
Contraindications after THR (LA)
Extension, External rotation, Adduction past body midline
45
Spine distance tests for lumbar spine and What do they test (name-L)
Schober-L, Stibor-L-Th, Thomayer-C-L
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Spine distance tests for thoracic (3) name-L
Stibor-L-Th, Otta-Th FLX, Otta-Th EXT
47
Spine distance tests for cervical (5) name-L
Cepojev-C, Forestier-C, Thomayer-C-L, Latero flexion-C-L, Flexion of C
48
Normal spine distance for Schober
5cm
49
Normal spine distance for Stibor
7-10cm
50
Normal spine distance for Otta flexion
3-4cm
51
Normal spine distance for Otta extension
2-3cm
52
Normal spine distance for Cepojev
2.5-3cm
53
Normal spine distance for Forestier
0cm
54
Normal spine distance for Thomayer
0cm
55
Normal spine distance for latero flexion
20-25cm
56
Normal spine distance for flexion of C
0cm
57
Manifestations of passive and active movements (4)
Impaired postural regulation, Effects of blood circulation, Deconditioning, Hypoventilation
58
Immobilisation syndrome manifestations (5)
Impaired postural regulation, Effects on blood circulation, Hypoventilation, Development of decubitus, Muscle atrophy
59
Goals of passive movements (4)
Maintain or increase ROM, Stretch shortened muscles , Avoid muscle contractures, Stimulate CNS
60
Rules of passive movements (5)
Setting goals, Instructing the patient, Choosing a starting position, Manual contact, Slow and fluent movement
61
Shuttle movements
Repetitive movement, Only certain joints and positions, Training isolated movements in joint
62
Swing movements
Rapid movements, Increase ROM, muscle stretch, Alternately rhythmic tension release muscle
63
Tensile
Slow graduál movement, Maximal voluntary contraction, Agonist and synergist concentracion contractions
64
Rules for doing active motion (4)
Choosing a starting position, Instructing the patient , Tempo and duration, Special fixation
65
Risk factors of VTE (4)
Congestial risk factors, Acquired Non-controllable risk factors, Modifiable factors obtained, Environmental influenced
66
DVT and PE are manifestations of venous thromboembolism
True
67
DVT symptoms (4)
Redness of skin, Swelling on limb, Warm skin, Pain
68
PE symptoms (4)
Difficulty breathing, Caughing blood, Faster or irregular heartbeat, Chest pain
69
Principles of VTE Prevention (6)
Compression therapy, Limb elevation, Early rehabilitation and mobilisation, Adequate hydration, Pharmacological prevention, Optimisation of body weight
70
Indications for positioning
Limitation or complete loss of active movements, Limited mobility , Decrease sensation
71
4 stages of decubitus
Non fading hyperemia, ulcerative defect, inflammation, Ulcer extending to muscular fascia, Necrosis extending
72
Goals of repositioning (6)
Skin reliéf, Prevention of trophic changes , Prevention of decubitus, Reducting risk of peripheral nerve damage, Regulation of muscle tone, Prevention of pneumonia
73
Fowler’s position
Sitting with back supported, Facilitates lung ventilation
74
Trendelenburg’s position
Supine, bed upside down, Better blood supply, relieves circulation
75
Orthopneic position
Sitting in bed, Learning forward, Relieves breathlessness
76
Patient mobilisation prevents (5)
Muscle atrophy , Osteoporosis (risk of fractures), Degenerative changes, Formation of heterotrophic ossification, Onset cardiopulmonary strain
77
Goals of patient verticalisation
Prevention of decubitus , Activation of muscles
78
Physiological ROM is determined by (5)
Shape of skeleton, Pliability of soft tissue, Looseness of joint cavity, Age, Gender
79
Goals of respiratory physiotherapy (8)
Improving respiratory function, Prevent airway obstruction, Improve cough effectiveness, Improve endurance, Improve chest mobility, Corrective re-education of motor breathing parents
80
Respiratory physiotherapy methods (5)
Respiratory training and stimulation, Breathing exercise (gymnastics), Corrective re education , Relaxation preparation, Corrective physiotherapy of postural system
81
Ihnalation actions (3)
Rib cage expand, Rib muscles contract, Diaphragm Contacts, moves down
82
Exhalation actions (3)
Rib cage gets smaller, Rib muscles relax, Diaphragm relax, moves up
83
Inhalation exhalation ratio
1:2
84
Inspiration major muscles
Diaphragm, Intercostales externi, Levatores costarum
85
Inspiration auxiliary muscles
Sternocleidomastiudus, scaleni, pectoralis major/minor
86
Expiratory main muscles
Intercostales interni, Intercostales intimi, Traversus thoracic
87
Expiratory auxiliary muscles
Obliquus externus, Obliquus internus, Transverzum abdominis
88
Indications for breathing exercises (5)
Lung disease, Pain in chest , Airway obstruction, Myopathy, Post Covid syndrom
89
Passive respiratory physiotherapy techniques (4)
Soft chest technique, Chest massage, Ball facilitation, Vibration
90
Static breathing exercise
Renew basic breathing pattern, Based on respiratory training , Correction of postural alignment
91
Dynamic breathing exercise
Breathing movement of thorax with extremity movement, Part of individual functional training, Slow and accurate excursion
92
Mobilisation breathing exercise
Combination of breathing , Large muscle groups activated
93
Drainage techniques of respiratory hygieně (5)
Autodrainage, Active cycle of breathing technique , Instrumental drainage technique, Inhalation treatment, Physical exercise
94
Plantar flexor (Janda)
Grade 0: 90, Grade 1: 5, Grade 2: 5
95
Hip flexor muscle test normal length in two joint shortness in one joint
Thigh doesnt touch the table, Knee doesnt bend more than 80
96
Hip adductor test (Janda) grades
Grade 0: 40, Grade 1: 30, Grade 2: less than 30
97
Knee flexor test (Janda) grades
Grade 0: 90, Grade 1: 80, Grade 2: less than 80