LEC - Urinary System | 暗記メーカー

LEC - Urinary System

44問 • 8ヶ月前

問題一覧

Water and most solutes in blood plasma move across the wall of the glomerular capillaries into glomerular capsule and then renal tubule

Glomerular filtration

As filtered fluid moves along tubule and through collecting duct, about 99% of water and many useful solutes reabsorbed - returning to blood

Tubular reabsorption

As filtered fluid moves along tubule and through collecting duct, other material secreted into fluid such as wastes, drugs, and excess ions - removes substances from blood

Tubular secretion

Fluid that enters capsular space

Glomerular filtrate

Daily volume _-_ liters - more than 99% returned to blood plasma via tubular reabsorption

150-180

Endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries and podocytes encircling capillaries

Filtration membrane

Kidneys themselves maintain constant renal blood flow and GFR using

Renal autoregulation

Occurs when stretching triggers contraction of smooth muscle cells in afferent arterioles - reduces Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)

Myogenic mechanism

Macula densa provides feedback to glomerulus, inhibits release of NO causing afferent arterioles to constrict and decreasing GFR

Tubuloglomerular mechanism

Kidneyblood vessels supplied by sympathetic ANS fibers that release norepinephrine causing vasoconstriction

Neural regulation

Both affrent and efferent arterioles constrict to same degree and GFR decreases

Moderate stimulation

Angiostensin II _____ GFR

reduces

Atrial natriuretic peptide ______ GFR

increases

Potent vasoconstrictor of both afferent and efferent arterioles

Angiotensin II

Stretching of atria causes release, increase capillary surface area for filtration

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Return of most of the filtered water and many solutes to the bloodstream

Reabsorption

Transfer of material from blood into tubular fluid

Secretion

Measures concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

pH scale

In a pH scale what number is neutral

0-7 have more hydrogen ions (H+) and are ____

acidic

7-14 have more hydroxide ions (OH-) and are _____

basic

Which of the following statements are false about the Reabsorption and secretion in proximal convoluted tubule

Most solute reabsorption involves H+

Which of the following are true about the Reabsorption in the loop of Henle

For the first time reabsorption of water is automatically coupled to reabsorption of solutes

When blood volume and blood pressure decreases

Angiotensin II

When blood volume and blood pressure decreases

Aldosterone

Stimulates cells in DCT to reabsorb more Ca2+

Parathyroid hormone

Decreases GFR, enhances reabsorption of Na+, Cl- and water in PCT

Angiostensin II

Stimulates principal cells in collecting duct to reabsorb more Na+ and Cl- and secrete more K+

Aldosterone

Increases water permeability of cells by inserting aquaporin-2 in last part of DCT and collecting duct

Antidiuretic hormone

Large increase in blood volume promotes release of ______

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Decreasess blood volume and pressure by inhibiting reabsorption of Na+ and water in PCT and collecting duct, suprress secretion of ADH and aldosterone

Atrial natriuretic peptide

Glomerular filtrate has same osmolarity as blood ___ mOsm/liter

300

Which of the following statement is false about the formation of urine

Water cannot leave in thin portion of ascending limb but solutes leave making fluid more dilute than blood plasma

Analysis of the volume and physical, chemical and microscopic properties of urine

Urinalysis

Water acounts for __% of total urine volume

More useful in diagnosis of kidney problems than above

Renal plasma clearance

Measures blood nitrogen that is part of the urea resulting from catabolism and deamination of amino acids

Blood urea nitrogen

Volume of blood cleared of a substance per unit time

Renal plasma clearance

High results indicates efficient excretion of a substance into urine

Renal plasma clearance

Hollow, distensible muscular organ

Urinary bladder

The urinary bladder averages how many mL

700-800mL

Discharge of urine from bladder

Micturition

Small tube leading from internal urethral orifice in floow of bladder to exterior of the body

Urethra

In males discharge semen as well as urine

Urethra

LECTURE- CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

ユーザ名非公開 · 53問 · 9ヶ月前

LECTURE- CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM