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LECTURE- CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
53問 • 9ヶ月前
  • ユーザ名非公開
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Membrane surrounding and protecting the heart

    Pericardium

  • 2

    Thinner more delicate membrane

    Serous Pericardium

  • 3

    Tough, inelastic, dense, irregular cycle connective tissue - prevents overstretching, protection, anchorage

    Fibrous Pericardium

  • 4

    95% of heart is cardiac muscle

    Myocardium

  • 5

    Visceral layer of serous pericardium. Smooth, slippery texture to outermost surface

    Epicardium

  • 6

    Smooth lining for chambers of heart, valves and continuous with lining of large blood vessels

    Endocardium

  • 7

    Thin walled atria, deliver blood under less pressure to ventricle

    Myocardial Thickness

  • 8

    Pumps blood to lungs. Shorter distance, lower pressure to ventricles

    Right Ventricle

  • 9

    Left side of the heart, receives blood from lungs, eject blood into aorta, systemic arteries, arterioles, gas and nutrient exchange in systemic capillaries,systemic venules and veins lead back to right atrium

    Systemic circuit

  • 10

    Right side of heart, receives blood from systemic circulation, ejects blood into pulmonary trunk then pulmonary arteries, gas exchange in pulmonary capillaries, pulmonary veins take blood to left atrium

    Pulmonary Circuit

  • 11

    Specialized cardiac muscle fibers, self excitable, repeatedly generate action potentials that trigger heart contractions,

    Autorhytmic Fibers

  • 12

    Acts as pacemaker and form conduction system

    Autorhytmic Fibers

  • 13

    Period of maintained depolarization

    Plateu

  • 14

    Contractile fibers have stable resting membrane potential

    depolarization

  • 15

    Recovery of resting membrane potential

    Repolarization

  • 16

    Contraction

    Systole

  • 17

    Relaxation

    Diastole

  • 18

    AV Valve close

    Lubb

  • 19

    SL Valve closes

    Dupp

  • 20

    3 factors that ensure left and right ventricles pump equal volume of blood

    preload, contractility, afterload

  • 21

    The more the heart fills with blood during diastole, the greater the force of contraction during systole

    Frank starling law of the heart

  • 22

    Degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. Greater ______ increases the force of contraction

    Preload

  • 23

    Strength of contraction at any given preload

    Contractility

  • 24

    Pressure that must be overcome before a semilunar valve can open. Increase in ________ causes stroke volume to decrease

    Afterload

  • 25

    Increases or decreases frequency of nerve impulses in both sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of Autonomic Nervous system

    Autonomic Regulation

  • 26

    Releases acetylcholine which decreases heart rate by slowing rate of spontaneous depolarization

    Parasympathetic Nerves

  • 27

    Difference between maximum cardiac output and cardiac output at rest

    Cardiac Reserve

  • 28

    Volume of blood returning to right ventricle

    Venous Return

  • 29

    Epineprine and norepinephrine increase heart rate and contractility

    Hormones

  • 30

    Ionic imbalances can compromise pumping effectiveness

    Cations

  • 31

    Movement of substance between blood and interstitial fluid

    Capillary exchange

  • 32

    Most important method. Substances move down their concentration gradient. Can cross capillary wall through intercellular clefts, fenestration or through endothelial cells.

    Diffusion

  • 33

    Small quantity of material. Substances in blood plasma become enclosed within pinocytotic vesicles that enter endothelial cells by endocytosis and leave by exocytosis

    Trancytosis

  • 34

    Passive process in which large numbers of ions, molecules, or particles in a fluid move together in the same direction

    Bulk flow

  • 35

    Important mainly for large, lipid-insoluble molecules that cannot corss capillary wall any other way

    Trancytosis

  • 36

    From capillaries into interstitial fluid

    filtration

  • 37

    From interstitial fluid into capillaries

    reabsorption

  • 38

    The volume of fluid and solutes reabsorbed normally is almost as large as the volume filtered

    Starling's Law

  • 39

    Opposition to blood flow due to friction between blood and walks of blood vessels

    Vascular Resistance

  • 40

    Vasoconstriction makes lumen smaller meaning greater resistance

    Size of lumen

  • 41

    Ratio of RBCs to plasma and protein once, higher viscosity means higher resistance

    Blood viscosity

  • 42

    Volume of blood flowing back to heart through systemic veins

    Venous Return

  • 43

    Milks blood in 1 direction due to valves

    Skeletal muscle pump

  • 44

    Occurs due to pressure generated by constriction of left ventricle

    Venous return

  • 45

    Due to pressure changes in thoracic and abdominal cavities

    respiratory pump

  • 46

    Lives about 120 days only. Cannot systhesize new components - no nucleus

    Red blood cell

  • 47

    Surface of RBCs contain genetically determined assortment of antigens

    Agglutinogens

  • 48

    Based on presence or absence of various antigens

    blood group

  • 49

    Answer 1

    sinoatrial node

  • 50

    Answer 2

    Antrioventricular node

  • 51

    Answer 3

    Antrioventricular bundle

  • 52

    Answer 4

    right and left bundle branches

  • 53

    Answer 5

    purkinje fibers

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Membrane surrounding and protecting the heart

    Pericardium

  • 2

    Thinner more delicate membrane

    Serous Pericardium

  • 3

    Tough, inelastic, dense, irregular cycle connective tissue - prevents overstretching, protection, anchorage

    Fibrous Pericardium

  • 4

    95% of heart is cardiac muscle

    Myocardium

  • 5

    Visceral layer of serous pericardium. Smooth, slippery texture to outermost surface

    Epicardium

  • 6

    Smooth lining for chambers of heart, valves and continuous with lining of large blood vessels

    Endocardium

  • 7

    Thin walled atria, deliver blood under less pressure to ventricle

    Myocardial Thickness

  • 8

    Pumps blood to lungs. Shorter distance, lower pressure to ventricles

    Right Ventricle

  • 9

    Left side of the heart, receives blood from lungs, eject blood into aorta, systemic arteries, arterioles, gas and nutrient exchange in systemic capillaries,systemic venules and veins lead back to right atrium

    Systemic circuit

  • 10

    Right side of heart, receives blood from systemic circulation, ejects blood into pulmonary trunk then pulmonary arteries, gas exchange in pulmonary capillaries, pulmonary veins take blood to left atrium

    Pulmonary Circuit

  • 11

    Specialized cardiac muscle fibers, self excitable, repeatedly generate action potentials that trigger heart contractions,

    Autorhytmic Fibers

  • 12

    Acts as pacemaker and form conduction system

    Autorhytmic Fibers

  • 13

    Period of maintained depolarization

    Plateu

  • 14

    Contractile fibers have stable resting membrane potential

    depolarization

  • 15

    Recovery of resting membrane potential

    Repolarization

  • 16

    Contraction

    Systole

  • 17

    Relaxation

    Diastole

  • 18

    AV Valve close

    Lubb

  • 19

    SL Valve closes

    Dupp

  • 20

    3 factors that ensure left and right ventricles pump equal volume of blood

    preload, contractility, afterload

  • 21

    The more the heart fills with blood during diastole, the greater the force of contraction during systole

    Frank starling law of the heart

  • 22

    Degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. Greater ______ increases the force of contraction

    Preload

  • 23

    Strength of contraction at any given preload

    Contractility

  • 24

    Pressure that must be overcome before a semilunar valve can open. Increase in ________ causes stroke volume to decrease

    Afterload

  • 25

    Increases or decreases frequency of nerve impulses in both sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of Autonomic Nervous system

    Autonomic Regulation

  • 26

    Releases acetylcholine which decreases heart rate by slowing rate of spontaneous depolarization

    Parasympathetic Nerves

  • 27

    Difference between maximum cardiac output and cardiac output at rest

    Cardiac Reserve

  • 28

    Volume of blood returning to right ventricle

    Venous Return

  • 29

    Epineprine and norepinephrine increase heart rate and contractility

    Hormones

  • 30

    Ionic imbalances can compromise pumping effectiveness

    Cations

  • 31

    Movement of substance between blood and interstitial fluid

    Capillary exchange

  • 32

    Most important method. Substances move down their concentration gradient. Can cross capillary wall through intercellular clefts, fenestration or through endothelial cells.

    Diffusion

  • 33

    Small quantity of material. Substances in blood plasma become enclosed within pinocytotic vesicles that enter endothelial cells by endocytosis and leave by exocytosis

    Trancytosis

  • 34

    Passive process in which large numbers of ions, molecules, or particles in a fluid move together in the same direction

    Bulk flow

  • 35

    Important mainly for large, lipid-insoluble molecules that cannot corss capillary wall any other way

    Trancytosis

  • 36

    From capillaries into interstitial fluid

    filtration

  • 37

    From interstitial fluid into capillaries

    reabsorption

  • 38

    The volume of fluid and solutes reabsorbed normally is almost as large as the volume filtered

    Starling's Law

  • 39

    Opposition to blood flow due to friction between blood and walks of blood vessels

    Vascular Resistance

  • 40

    Vasoconstriction makes lumen smaller meaning greater resistance

    Size of lumen

  • 41

    Ratio of RBCs to plasma and protein once, higher viscosity means higher resistance

    Blood viscosity

  • 42

    Volume of blood flowing back to heart through systemic veins

    Venous Return

  • 43

    Milks blood in 1 direction due to valves

    Skeletal muscle pump

  • 44

    Occurs due to pressure generated by constriction of left ventricle

    Venous return

  • 45

    Due to pressure changes in thoracic and abdominal cavities

    respiratory pump

  • 46

    Lives about 120 days only. Cannot systhesize new components - no nucleus

    Red blood cell

  • 47

    Surface of RBCs contain genetically determined assortment of antigens

    Agglutinogens

  • 48

    Based on presence or absence of various antigens

    blood group

  • 49

    Answer 1

    sinoatrial node

  • 50

    Answer 2

    Antrioventricular node

  • 51

    Answer 3

    Antrioventricular bundle

  • 52

    Answer 4

    right and left bundle branches

  • 53

    Answer 5

    purkinje fibers