Fluids Finals

68問 • 2年前

問題一覧

branch of physical science which deals with the mechanics of liquids and gases and is based on the same fundamental principles that are in the mechanics of solid.

FLUID MECHANICS

study if mechanics of fluids at rest.

Fluid Statics

deals with the velocities and streamlines without considering forces of energy.

Fluid Kinematics

concerned with the relations between velocities and accelerations and the forces exerted

Hydrodynamics

are the substances capable of flowing.

FLUIDS

one in which there is no friction nor viscosity.

Ideal or Perfect Fluid

are fluids which have little resistance to change either in form or volume and occupies all the space in which it is contained.

Gases

are fluids which offer great resistance to change in volume and occupies a definite portion in which it is contained.

Liquid

is a system in which working substance does not cross its boundaries but energy crosses its boundaries

Closed System

is a thermodynamics system in which both the working substance and energy are crossing its boundaries

Open System

is a thermodynamic system in which neither the mass (working substance) nor energy crosses its boundaries, and completely not affected by the surrounding conditions.

Isolated system

deals with law of conservation of energy.

First Law of Thermodynamics

deals with the direction of flow of heat energy that is from the higher temperature body to lower temperature body, and the property known as "Entropy".

Second Law of Thermodynamics

deals with the restriction of all physical systems to the temperature regime that excludes absolute zero.

Third Law of Thermodynamics

is law concerning thermal equilibrium and is the basis for temperature measurement

Zeroth Law

are descriptive characteristics of the system used to compute the changes of energy that have occurred in a system or working substance.

Thermodynamic Properties

are thermodynamic properties that are independent of the mass of the substance in the system.

Intensive Properties

are thermodynamic properties that are dependent upon the mass of the substance in the system.

Extensive Properties

are properties that are considered for a unit mass, and are intensive.

Specific Properties

is a measure of a physical variable (without numerical values)

dimension

is a way to assign a number or measurement to that dimension.

unit

is the absolute quantity of matter in substance or body.

Mass

is the force of gravity on the body and could be determined by a spring scale.

Weight

is an intensive thermodynamic property that is usually used to determine the mass of the substance or system

DENSITY

is the volume of a unit mass substance; it is also defined as the reciprocal of density

SPECIFIC VOLUME

is the force of gravity per unit volume of a substance

SPECIFIC WEIGHT

is the ratio of the specific weight of a certain substance to that of the specific weight of water at standard condition

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

is an intensive thermodynamic property and basically defined as the force per unit area

PRESSURE

is the pressure of a substance or system measured by a pressure gage or a pressure-measuring instrument.

Gauge Pressure

is the force exerted by the column atmospheric air per unit area

Atmospheric pressure

pressure at the surface of the earth, near sea level

Standard atmospheric

is the force exerted by a column of fluid per unit area

Fluid Gage Pressure, or Hydrostatic Pressure, or simple. Fluid Pressure

is the algebraic sum of the barometric pressure or atmospheric pressure and the gauge pressure.

Absolute pressure

is a pressure-measuring instrument, used to measure atmospheric pressure.

Barometer

is a pressure-measuring instrument, used to measure gauge pressure directly by its dial indicator.

Pressure Gauge

is the most commonly used pressure measuring instrument.

Bourdon gage

is a pressure-measuring instrument, used to measure gauge pressure of the system using U-tube wherein water or mercury is the working substance.

Manometer

is a manometer with an atmospheric surface in one leg and capable of measuring gage pressures.

Open-type Manometer

is the simplest form of manometer, which is a tube tapped into a wall of a container or conduit for the purpose of measuring the pressure.

Piezometer

is a manometer without an atmospheric surface and capable of measuring only differences of pressure.

Differential-type Manometer

is the resistance of fluid to change its volume in a confined space.

COMPRESSIBILITY

fluid varies significantly due to moderate changes in pressure or temperature

Compressible fluid

fluid is small due to changes in temperature and or pressure

Incompressible fluid

is the ratio of the stress (change of pressure) to the strain (change in volume divided by the original volume).

Modulus of Elasticity or Bulk Modulus of the fluid

is the force of molecular attraction per unit length of free surface, it is a function of both the liquid and the surface in contact with the liquid.

SURFACE TENSION

the rise or fall of a liquid in a small-diameter tube inserted into the liquid.

Capillary Effect

is quantified by the contact (or wetting) angle ø, defined as the angle that the tangent to the liquid surface makes with the solid surface at the point of contact

The strength of the capillary effect

the curved free surface of a liquid in a capillary tube.

Meniscus

the forces between like molecules, such as water and water

Cohesive forces

the forces between unlike molecules, such as water and glass

Adhesive forces

is a measure of the resistance to flow of a fluid; or it may be defined as the ratio of the shearing stress or force between adjacent layers of fluid

VISCOSITY

is defined as the absolute viscosity divided by density; it is the ratio of the dynamic viscosity of a fluid to its mass density.

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY

The force a flowing fluid exerts on a body in the flow direction, partly because of friction caused by viscosity.

Drag force

Fluids for which the rate of deformation is proportional to the shear stress.

Newtonian fluids

is the conservation of mass expression for steady flow open system.

Continuity Equation

characterized by smooth streamlines, highly ordered motion.

Laminar flow

characterized by velocity fluctuations and highly disordered motion.

Turbulent flow

from laminar to turbulent flow does not occur suddenly.

Transition

is encountered when highly viscous fluids such as oils flow in small pipes or narrow passages.

Laminar flow

discovered that the flow regime depends mainly on the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in the fluid. This ratio is called the

Osborne Reynolds Reynolds number

usually taken to be the distance from the pipe entrance

Hydrodynamic entry length

fully developed internal flows laminar or turbulent

Pressure loss

fully developed internal flows laminar or turbulent

Head Loss

use to overcome pressure loss

Pumping Power

rapid fluctuations of swirling regions

Eddies

friction factor in fully developed turbulent pipe

Moody Chart

losses due to fittings, valves, bends, elbows, tees.

Minor Losses

Reynolds number at which the flow becomes turbulent is called

critical Reynolds number

AC2 - LM2 (Reviewer)

ユーザ名非公開 · 38問 · 2年前

AC2 - LM2 (Reviewer)

38問 • 2年前

ユーザ名非公開

AC2 - SLM3 (Reviewer)

ユーザ名非公開 · 49問 · 2年前

AC2 - SLM3 (Reviewer)

HIRAC

HIRAC

MSE Reviewer

MSE Reviewer

EE12 Quiz 1

EE12 Quiz 1

PEC Definition - Quiz 1

ユーザ名非公開 · 45問 · 2年前

PEC Definition - Quiz 1

Quiz 2

Quiz 2

PEC Quiz 2

PEC Quiz 2

Chapter 5

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 6

Quiz

Quiz

Finals

Finals

問題一覧

branch of physical science which deals with the mechanics of liquids and gases and is based on the same fundamental principles that are in the mechanics of solid.

FLUID MECHANICS

study if mechanics of fluids at rest.

Fluid Statics

deals with the velocities and streamlines without considering forces of energy.

Fluid Kinematics

concerned with the relations between velocities and accelerations and the forces exerted

Hydrodynamics

are the substances capable of flowing.

FLUIDS

one in which there is no friction nor viscosity.

Ideal or Perfect Fluid

are fluids which have little resistance to change either in form or volume and occupies all the space in which it is contained.

Gases

are fluids which offer great resistance to change in volume and occupies a definite portion in which it is contained.

Liquid

is a system in which working substance does not cross its boundaries but energy crosses its boundaries

Closed System

is a thermodynamics system in which both the working substance and energy are crossing its boundaries

Open System

is a thermodynamic system in which neither the mass (working substance) nor energy crosses its boundaries, and completely not affected by the surrounding conditions.

Isolated system

deals with law of conservation of energy.

First Law of Thermodynamics

deals with the direction of flow of heat energy that is from the higher temperature body to lower temperature body, and the property known as "Entropy".

Second Law of Thermodynamics

deals with the restriction of all physical systems to the temperature regime that excludes absolute zero.

Third Law of Thermodynamics

is law concerning thermal equilibrium and is the basis for temperature measurement

Zeroth Law

are descriptive characteristics of the system used to compute the changes of energy that have occurred in a system or working substance.

Thermodynamic Properties

are thermodynamic properties that are independent of the mass of the substance in the system.

Intensive Properties

are thermodynamic properties that are dependent upon the mass of the substance in the system.

Extensive Properties

are properties that are considered for a unit mass, and are intensive.

Specific Properties

is a measure of a physical variable (without numerical values)

dimension

is a way to assign a number or measurement to that dimension.

unit

is the absolute quantity of matter in substance or body.

Mass

is the force of gravity on the body and could be determined by a spring scale.

Weight

is an intensive thermodynamic property that is usually used to determine the mass of the substance or system

DENSITY

is the volume of a unit mass substance; it is also defined as the reciprocal of density

SPECIFIC VOLUME

is the force of gravity per unit volume of a substance

SPECIFIC WEIGHT

is the ratio of the specific weight of a certain substance to that of the specific weight of water at standard condition

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

is an intensive thermodynamic property and basically defined as the force per unit area

PRESSURE

is the pressure of a substance or system measured by a pressure gage or a pressure-measuring instrument.

Gauge Pressure

is the force exerted by the column atmospheric air per unit area

Atmospheric pressure

pressure at the surface of the earth, near sea level

Standard atmospheric

is the force exerted by a column of fluid per unit area

Fluid Gage Pressure, or Hydrostatic Pressure, or simple. Fluid Pressure

is the algebraic sum of the barometric pressure or atmospheric pressure and the gauge pressure.

Absolute pressure

is a pressure-measuring instrument, used to measure atmospheric pressure.

Barometer

is a pressure-measuring instrument, used to measure gauge pressure directly by its dial indicator.

Pressure Gauge

is the most commonly used pressure measuring instrument.

Bourdon gage

is a pressure-measuring instrument, used to measure gauge pressure of the system using U-tube wherein water or mercury is the working substance.

Manometer

is a manometer with an atmospheric surface in one leg and capable of measuring gage pressures.

Open-type Manometer

is the simplest form of manometer, which is a tube tapped into a wall of a container or conduit for the purpose of measuring the pressure.

Piezometer

is a manometer without an atmospheric surface and capable of measuring only differences of pressure.

Differential-type Manometer

is the resistance of fluid to change its volume in a confined space.

COMPRESSIBILITY

fluid varies significantly due to moderate changes in pressure or temperature

Compressible fluid

fluid is small due to changes in temperature and or pressure

Incompressible fluid

is the ratio of the stress (change of pressure) to the strain (change in volume divided by the original volume).

Modulus of Elasticity or Bulk Modulus of the fluid

is the force of molecular attraction per unit length of free surface, it is a function of both the liquid and the surface in contact with the liquid.

SURFACE TENSION

the rise or fall of a liquid in a small-diameter tube inserted into the liquid.

Capillary Effect

is quantified by the contact (or wetting) angle ø, defined as the angle that the tangent to the liquid surface makes with the solid surface at the point of contact

The strength of the capillary effect

the curved free surface of a liquid in a capillary tube.

Meniscus

the forces between like molecules, such as water and water

Cohesive forces

the forces between unlike molecules, such as water and glass

Adhesive forces

is a measure of the resistance to flow of a fluid; or it may be defined as the ratio of the shearing stress or force between adjacent layers of fluid

VISCOSITY

is defined as the absolute viscosity divided by density; it is the ratio of the dynamic viscosity of a fluid to its mass density.

KINEMATIC VISCOSITY

The force a flowing fluid exerts on a body in the flow direction, partly because of friction caused by viscosity.

Drag force

Fluids for which the rate of deformation is proportional to the shear stress.

Newtonian fluids

is the conservation of mass expression for steady flow open system.

Continuity Equation

characterized by smooth streamlines, highly ordered motion.

Laminar flow

characterized by velocity fluctuations and highly disordered motion.

Turbulent flow

from laminar to turbulent flow does not occur suddenly.

Transition

is encountered when highly viscous fluids such as oils flow in small pipes or narrow passages.

Laminar flow

discovered that the flow regime depends mainly on the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in the fluid. This ratio is called the

Osborne Reynolds Reynolds number

usually taken to be the distance from the pipe entrance

Hydrodynamic entry length

fully developed internal flows laminar or turbulent

Pressure loss

fully developed internal flows laminar or turbulent

Head Loss

use to overcome pressure loss

Pumping Power

rapid fluctuations of swirling regions

Eddies

friction factor in fully developed turbulent pipe

Moody Chart

losses due to fittings, valves, bends, elbows, tees.

Minor Losses

Reynolds number at which the flow becomes turbulent is called

critical Reynolds number