Foundations: Unit 2 Written Exam

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Which technique results in strands of hair that are colored darker than the natural color?

lowlighting

Why should beauty professionals study and have a thorough understanding of chemistry?

Because every product used in beauty and wellness contains some type of chemical.

How do veins function in the circulatory system?

Veins transport oxygen-poor blood and waste products.

Waves that are activated from an outside heat source, such as a conventional hooded blowdryer, are ______ waves

endothermic

A client has an appointment to get a back wax. On the client intake form, the client indicates having taken Accutane. A cosmetologist can perform the service if the client _____

has not used isotretinoin to treat the face for the last 9 months

Which of the following describes a proper technique for winding hair on perm rods?

Place one end paper under the base panel and one above the base panel so that the papers extend past the ends of the hair.

What is the function of sebaceous glands?

to secrete oil to lubricate the skin

What is TRUE of a wire that is not large enough to carry the electrical current passing through it?

It will overheat.

What is the proper placement of bands on perm rods?

on the top

Which of the following BEST differentiates between direct curent and alternating current?

Direct current flows in one direction, whereas alternating current flows back and forth.

The word integument means _____.

natural covering

The proces in which the hair is pre-lightened and then toned is known as _____.

double-process application

What do the most common neutralizers contain?

hydrogen peroxide

How should artificial eyelashes be applied?

Nip the ends of the false lashes into "w" shapes, apply adhesive to the base of the false lashes, and then place them starting at the inner corner of the eye.

Why is copper used in electtical wiring and electtical motors?

Because it is a good conductor.

Linda's manager told her to use caution when unloading the supply truck on Tuesday mornings. "Make sure to pay attention to certain products and chemicals that are incompatible," he said. What should Linda make sure she does with these types of products?

Store them away from each other.

_____ helps protect sensitive cells from UV rays.

Melanin

How are opponens muscles similar to abductor hallucis muscles?

The opponens and the abductor hallucis move the thumb and the big toe in relation to the other digits.

Thomas, owner of a local beauty business, insists that there is an SDS available for every chemical used. Why is Thomas so strict about this?

Because it is a requirement of OSHA.

What is the name for the type of facial treatment used with skin conditions such as dryness, comedones, or acne?

corrective

Henry's duties include mixing a variety of chemicals for the products and treatment ointments and mix they use on customers. When mixing these chemicals, Henry should avoid all EXCEPT which of the following?

well-ventilated areas

Another name for a spoolie is a(n) ____.

brow brush

The magnifying lamps commonly used by estheticians are 5 diopters, which is a magnification of _____.

2.25

What is the advantage of having a dual hair and skin care career?

the potential for a larger client base

Which contraindication is specific to facial waxing?

rosacea

Infammation of the sebaceous glands characterized by redness, dry or ily scaling, crusting, and/or itchy is called _____.

seborrheic dermatitis

Guidelines for properly storing chemicals include all EXCEPT which of the following?

Never dispose of chemicals in their original containers.

The bone that is the larger of two log bones below the froe and that supports most of the body's weight is the _____.

tibia

In which direction should the muscle be massaged?

from the insertion point toward the origin

Which form of electrotherapy has a germicidal effect tha is beneficial when treating acne-prone skin?

high-frequency current

_____are keratin-filled cysts that are usually associated with newborns and are commonly found around the eyes, cheeks, and forehead.

Milia

You are the owner of a high-end establishment. Your best beauty pro, Niles, has confessed that the massage oils the employees have been using without incident for many months are now starting to give them terrible rashes and sneezing fits. Which of the following do you use to explain to Niles what has happened?

the overexposure principle

How does a relaxer retouch differ from the application of a virgin relaxer?

A relaxer retouch is used only on new hair growth.

pH is an abbreviation of _____.

potential hydrogen

Which is a benefit of using a facial steamer?

softens skin tissues to make them more receptive to moisturizers and treatment products

On the client intake form, a olient indicated having a pacemaker. Can an esthetician perform a light therapy treatment for this client?

no, because pacemakers are contraindicated for electrical treatments

Which concept serves as a foundation for the artistic side of makeup?

human anatomy

What is the approximate life cycle of natural eyelashes?

8 weeks

What is the underlying or inner layer of the skin?

dermis

Any substance that occupies space and has weight is _____.

matter

Which treatment is a form of mechanical ex foliation that involves shooting aluminum oxide or other crystals at the skin with a hand-held device in order to remove buildup of dead cells?

microdermabrasion

Jennifer is using a now soothing oil on her clients during services. The problem Jennifer is running Wii however, is bias a new soothing oil on ker olients during services . Tine es be components separate. Which of the following could Jennifer add to her mixture to solve this problem?

an emulsifier

Which product can help minimiz the look of wrinkles?

hydrating serums

Franco is a product chemist, combining cherricals in order to create solations, suspensions, and emulsions for the purposes of making clients feel, look, and smell better. Most recently, Franco has been working on lotions and creams that, when mixed with activators, warm the bottles in which they are contained. Upon what is Franco relying to create these lotions?

exothermic reactions

Which of the following should you do if you receive a light shock sensation while using an electrical appliance?

Unplug the appliance from the wall.

In addition to red, what other color can be both warm and cool?

green

Which skin pigmentation disorder is a genetic condition in which there is an absence of melanin pigment in the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes?

albinism

A cosmetologist uses a long-lasting lip pencil to outline a client's upper and lower lips and then applies a lighter color using a no-bleed lip product. What is the goal of this reshaping technique?

to minimize fine lines that appear near the lips

Klaus has noticed that, throughout the establishment, there are ground fault interrupters (GFIs) in the walls beside all sinks and in the bathrooms and the employee kitchen. Why are these types of receptacles strategically placed in these locations?

GFIs are required in places where shock hazard are likely (such as near any running or sitting water).

Which type of nerve fibers carry impulses from the brain to the muscles?

motor

Allof the following are skin functions EXCEPT ______.

add necessary body weight to maintain good health

The muscles that turn the hand inward so the palm faces downward are the _____.

pronators

Which of the following is TRUE of the poles of an electric current?

They are either positive or negative.

What is the purpose of using aluminum as an ingredient in foundations?

It allows the product to set quickly and create a lasting matte finish.

Which layer of the epidermis forms unique fingerprints and footprints and is only located on the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and the digits?

stratum lucidum

What is the general guideline for creating a well-balanced eyebrow?

Draw a perpendicular line upward from the eye’s inner corner, a perpendicular line upward from the iris’s outer circle, and an angled line between the outer corners of the nose and eyes.

All ofthe following ocour during the consultation for chemical relaxer EXCEPT:

performing a metallic salts test

Which can be applied and removed both in the same directionas the hair grows and in the opposite direction of hair growth?

sugaring

When wrapping hair for a perm, which pattern provides the greatest flexibility for directional flow?

bricklay

What is the purpose of toners?

to remove unwanted undertones caused by pre-lightening

Which muscles do people use when they straighten their wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line?

extensors

In the uniform order of tho SDS, which of the following comes immediately after the first category of "Identification"?

Hazard Identification

Which eyeshadow colors come in matte finishes, accent areas like the brow bone, and increase the width between the eves?

highlight colors

Which of the following is TRUE of infrared light?

It produces heat.

Jonathan, a licensed professional with his own business, is driving to the store to buy two dozen large bags of ice. Much of the rehabilitative work he and his employees do for clients relies on ice, and because someone left the freezer door open all night, their entire stockpile of ice is now water. Which of the following happened to the ice when it melted?

a physical change

Which of the following is TRUE today of the disposal of many of the chemicals used in salons, spas, and barbershops?

Most states and counties do not have regulations in place.

A hair analysis indicates the client has non-porous hair. Which perm type should the cosmetologist recommend?

alkaline/cold wave

Water loss through perspiration is an example of which function of the skin?

excretion

All of the following contribute to acne development EXCEPT ______.

Propionibacterium acne (P. acnes) on the surface of the skin

What is one way that sun exposure negatively affects the skin?

The natural weakening of collagen and elastin fibers happens at a much faster rate.

Electricity use impacts ______ of the services that beauty professionals offer their clients.

all

Gina is considered a bit of a "know-it-all at work. For example, she is always telling Grace, her coworker, "My goodness, Grace, you'd better be using the first surfactant regularly." Which of the following is Gina most likely trying to say to. Grace, in her own strange way?

"Wash your hands."

Which of the following is TRUE when salt is dissolved into water?

Salt is the solute and water is the solvent.

What do cosmetologists use to identify the degree of darkness or lightness of natural and artificial hair color?

level system

A client wants to de-emphasize the roundness of the eyes and make the nose look longer. What technique should the cosmetologist use?

Apply a lighter foundation to the tip of the nose and between the eyes, and then blend with the surrounding foundation. Blend the eyeshadow outward.

"Gunmetal" gray hair is a sign that the hair is highly susceptible to ______.

breaking

Which of the following types of energy is most likely associated with nuclear power plants?

gamma rays

The overexposure principle is used to describe how overexposure determines______.

toxicity

To add color to a client's cheeks, apply ______.

bronzers

A highly stimulating technique that includes a rapid shaking movement while the balls of the fingertips are firmly pressed on the application point is ______.

vibration

Which of the following is the simplest form of chemical matter?

an element

All of the following are reasons for cosmetologists to study facials EXCEPT:

It allows cosmetologists to prescribe medicated products for clients who have adverse skin conditions.

All of the following perm rods have a uniform diameter EXCEPT:

concave rods

How is nevus like vitiligo?

Nevus and vitiligo are both skin pigment disorders.

Why is it necessary for every client to fill ut a client intake form?

It enables cosmetologists to review the client's health history or potential allergens.

All of the following are haircoloring safety precautions EXCEPT:

Brush the client's hair to distribute its natural oils uniformly.

All of the following are reasons to study chemical texture services EXCEPT:

Salons require cosmetologists who perform haircolor services to also perform texture services as a condition of employment.

Owner Samuel's client, Janine, has just learned she has skin cancer. While Janine's doctor told her that the cancer is treatable, she is still concerned about further exposure and damage. She asks Samuel which type of light caused her skin cancer. Which of the following types of light most likely did so?

ultraviolet B light

When dividing hair into base sections for perm wraps, how many rods are used in each section and what factors determine the size of each section?

one rod; length and width of the rod

Many of Wilson's clients complain to him that their skin always appears very bluish- green when they are sitting in his chair. Which of the following would most likely be the cause of this?

the fluorescent lighting just above Wilson's station

Hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair by removing one of the bonded sulfur atoms in a disulfide bond. What is the name of this process?

lanthionization

Which statement accurately describes the application of skin care products used in facials?

Beta hydroxy acids can be used to lighten sun spots and age spots.

Which type of skin cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 66 percent once the cancer reaches local lymph nodes?

malignant melanoma

The depth of color seen on the surface of the skin is known as _____.

skin tone

Which statement describes ammonia?

It is an alkaline agent that raises the pH of hair colorant and can change the hair's texture and curl pattern.

Terry experienced no harsh reactions herself to the chemicals she was using on her clients during the first six months of owning and managing her business. Since about that six-month anniversary, however, she has battled continuous skin allergies as well as difficulty breathing. Which of the following BEST explains this?

the overexposure principle

When adding natural highlights to brunette hair, what is the maximum number of levels the highlighted pieces should be lightened above the balance of the hair?

two

To prepare the skin for extractions and deliver targeted products to the skin, galvanic current uses ________ and iontophoresis.

desincrustation

When using a virgin relaxer, apply the relaxer to the ______.

midshaft first and then the ends and scalp

100

Which statement describes hypertrichosis?

It occurs in areas of the body that typically grow only vellus hair.

Chemistry and chemical

Chemistry and chemical

Haircoloring

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Haircoloring

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chemical texture service

chemical texture service

Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy and Physiology

Skin structure and growth

Skin structure and growth

Skin Disorders and Diseases

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Skin Disorders and Diseases

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Hair Removal

Hair Removal

Makeup

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Makeup

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Facials

Facials

History & Career Opportunities

History & Career Opportunities

Life Skills

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Life Skills

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Your Professional Image

Your Professional Image

Communicating for Success

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Communicating for Success

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Hair and Scalp Properties

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Hair and Scalp Properties

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Hair and Scalp Disorders and Diseases

Hair and Scalp Disorders and Diseases

Hair Service Preparation

Hair Service Preparation

Principles of Hair Design

Principles of Hair Design

Hairstyling

Hairstyling

Braiding and Braid Extenstions

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Braiding and Braid Extenstions

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Wigs and Hair Additions

Wigs and Hair Additions

Haircutting

Haircutting

Manicuring

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Manicuring

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Pedicuring

Pedicuring

unit one

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unit one

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Nail Extenstions and Resin Systems

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Nail Extenstions and Resin Systems

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Liquid and Powder Nail Enhancements

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Liquid and Powder Nail Enhancements

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