ULTRASOUND

34問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Compared to X-rays, which are best for taking images of your bones, ultrasounds give us a better look at your soft tissues.

VERSATILE IMAGING

Not only is ultrasound among the most accurate imaging technologies, but they’re also the most cost-effective and accessible.

WIDELY ACCESSIBLE

Ultrasound is noninvasive and doesn't require any poking. Other than a bit of pressure as the probe moves, you wouldn’t feel any discomfort.

NONINSAVE

With CT scans and X-rays, there’s a risk of exposure to ionizing radiation — but not with ultrasound. It uses the power of sound waves to take images of soft tissues and comes with virtually no harmful effects.

LESS RISK

The biological effects of ultrasound refer to the potential adverse effects the imaging modality has on human tissue. These are primarily via two main mechanisms:

THERMAL AND MECHANICAL

Ultrasound produces biological effects by two tissue interactions:

HEATING AND CAVITATION

is caused by the mechanical friction of the tissue moving during passing of the ultrasonic wave.

HEATINF

is the production and collapse of small bubbles in the inter- and intracellular tissue fluid.

CAVITATION

causes mechanical damage, but it can also generate free radicals and other chemicals capable of damaging cell DNA.

ULTRASONIC CAVITATION

Due to the law of the conservation of energy, all of the sound energy attenuated by tissues must be converted to other forms of energy. The majority of this is turned into heat. As such, it is possible for ultrasound to raise tissue temperature by up to 1.5°C.

THERMAL EFFECTS

The mechanical biological effect of ultrasound refers to damage caused by the actual oscillation of the sound wave on tissue.

MECHANICAL EFFECTS

SOUNDWAVES PARAMETERS

1.Period 2.Frequency 3.Amplitude 4.Power 5.Intensity 6.Wavelength 7.Speed

The ability of a certain material to generate an electric charge in response to mechanical stress.

PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECTS

The speed at which sound waves propagate within tissue

VELOCITY

Number of cycles of an acoustic variable that occur in one second • Unit of frequency is the Hertz (Hz) where 1 Hertz equals to one cycle

FREQUENCY

The difference between the average value and maximum value of an acoustic variable. (Pa, mm, cm, or g/cm3) • Can also be express in dB • Determined by sound source • Can be changed by the sonographer

AMPLITUDE

The rate of energy transfer

POWER

The time required to complete a single cycle (s, ms, μs) • Determined by the sound source • Cannot be changed by the sonographer

PERIOD

The distance of a complete cycle

WAVELENGTH

SHORT WAVELENGTH

HIGH FREQUENCY

LOW WAVELENGTH

LOW FREQUENCY

The power delivered over a specific area

INTENSITY

The rate at which waves pass through a medium.

SPEED

SOUNDWAVES SPEED FROM FASTEST TO LOWEST

SOLID LIQUID GAS

STIFFNESS

INCREASED SPEED

DENSITY

DECREASE SPEED

FATHER OF ULTRASOUND

LAZZARO SPALANZANI (1729-1799)

FIRST DEMONSTRATED PIEZOELECTRICITY

PIERRE AND JACQUES CURIE (1880)

Comes from the Greek word “piezein”, which means “”

TO PRESS OR TO SQUEEZE

PEIZO GREEK TERMS

PUSH

AUSTRALIAN PHYSICIST HE STUDIED THE PHENOMENON

CHRISTIAN JOHANN DOPPLER (1842)

INVENTED THE FIRST TRANSFUCER

PAUL LANGEVIN (1915)

NEUROLOGIST FIRST TO APPLY ULTRASOUND

KARL DUSSIK

FATHER OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

DR. INGE EDLER (1950's)

RAD PATHOLOGY

RAD PATHOLOGY

ETHICS

ETHICS

RPC

RPC

INFORMATICS (2)

INFORMATICS (2)

RPC DISCOVERY OF X-RAY

ユーザ名非公開 · 10問 · 1年前

RPC DISCOVERY OF X-RAY

10問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

RPC ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS OF RADIOLOGIC SCIENCES

ユーザ名非公開 · 33問 · 1年前

RPC ESSENTIAL CONCEPTS OF RADIOLOGIC SCIENCES

RPC 3

RPC 3

RPC 3

RPC 3

問題一覧

Compared to X-rays, which are best for taking images of your bones, ultrasounds give us a better look at your soft tissues.

VERSATILE IMAGING

Not only is ultrasound among the most accurate imaging technologies, but they’re also the most cost-effective and accessible.

WIDELY ACCESSIBLE

Ultrasound is noninvasive and doesn't require any poking. Other than a bit of pressure as the probe moves, you wouldn’t feel any discomfort.

NONINSAVE

LESS RISK

The biological effects of ultrasound refer to the potential adverse effects the imaging modality has on human tissue. These are primarily via two main mechanisms:

THERMAL AND MECHANICAL

Ultrasound produces biological effects by two tissue interactions:

HEATING AND CAVITATION

is caused by the mechanical friction of the tissue moving during passing of the ultrasonic wave.

HEATINF

is the production and collapse of small bubbles in the inter- and intracellular tissue fluid.

CAVITATION

causes mechanical damage, but it can also generate free radicals and other chemicals capable of damaging cell DNA.

ULTRASONIC CAVITATION

THERMAL EFFECTS

The mechanical biological effect of ultrasound refers to damage caused by the actual oscillation of the sound wave on tissue.

MECHANICAL EFFECTS

SOUNDWAVES PARAMETERS

1.Period 2.Frequency 3.Amplitude 4.Power 5.Intensity 6.Wavelength 7.Speed

The ability of a certain material to generate an electric charge in response to mechanical stress.

PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECTS

The speed at which sound waves propagate within tissue

VELOCITY

Number of cycles of an acoustic variable that occur in one second • Unit of frequency is the Hertz (Hz) where 1 Hertz equals to one cycle

FREQUENCY

AMPLITUDE

The rate of energy transfer

POWER

The time required to complete a single cycle (s, ms, μs) • Determined by the sound source • Cannot be changed by the sonographer

PERIOD

The distance of a complete cycle

WAVELENGTH

SHORT WAVELENGTH

HIGH FREQUENCY

LOW WAVELENGTH

LOW FREQUENCY

The power delivered over a specific area

INTENSITY

The rate at which waves pass through a medium.

SPEED

SOUNDWAVES SPEED FROM FASTEST TO LOWEST

SOLID LIQUID GAS

STIFFNESS

INCREASED SPEED

DENSITY

DECREASE SPEED

FATHER OF ULTRASOUND

LAZZARO SPALANZANI (1729-1799)

FIRST DEMONSTRATED PIEZOELECTRICITY

PIERRE AND JACQUES CURIE (1880)

Comes from the Greek word “piezein”, which means “”

TO PRESS OR TO SQUEEZE

PEIZO GREEK TERMS

PUSH

AUSTRALIAN PHYSICIST HE STUDIED THE PHENOMENON

CHRISTIAN JOHANN DOPPLER (1842)

INVENTED THE FIRST TRANSFUCER

PAUL LANGEVIN (1915)

NEUROLOGIST FIRST TO APPLY ULTRASOUND

KARL DUSSIK

FATHER OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

DR. INGE EDLER (1950's)