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RPC

RPC
76問 • 1年前
  • ユーザ名非公開
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    問題一覧

  • 1

    FATHER OF DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY

    WILHELM CONRAD ROENTGEN (NOV. 08,1895)

  • 2

    INVENTED SIR WILLIAM CROOKES

    CROOKES TUBE

  • 3

    Many university physics laboratories were investigating about the conduction of cathode rays or electron beams (e-beam)

    1890

  • 4

    are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes.

    CATHODE RAYS

  • 5

    1. He had darkened his laboratory 2. Completely closed the Crooke’s tube with black photographic paper (so he could better visualize the effects of the cathode rays in the tube. 3. Then a plate coated with barium platinocyanide, a fluorescent material, happened to be lying on a bench top several meters from the Crooke’s tube glows. 4. The intensity of the glow increased as the plate was brought closer to the tube

    NOVEMBER 08, 1895 – Wurzburg University in Germany

  • 6

    was the first term used to describe this glow

    FLOURESCENSE

  • 7

    Roentgen’s term during the investigation.

    X-light

  • 8

    FIRST MEDICAL X- RAY IMAGE

    FEBRUARY 1896

  • 9

    The AMERICAN ROENTGEN SOCIETY, the first American Radiology organization is founded.

    1900

  • 10

    Roentgen receives the first Nobel prize in physics.

    1901

  • 11

    Anything that occupies space and has mass.

    MATTER

  • 12

    All matter is composed of fundamental building blocks called

    ATOM

  • 13

    the quantity of matter contained in any physical object.

    MASS

  • 14

    the force exerted on a body under the influence of gravity

    WEIGHT

  • 15

    RADIOLOGY

    THERAPEUTIC DIAGNOSTIC

  • 16

    RADIATION

    IONIZING NON-IONIZING

  • 17

    Ability to do work

    ENERGY

  • 18

    PARTS OF ENERGY

    POTENTIAL ENERGY, KINETIC ENERGY, CHEMICAL ENERGY, ELECTRICAL ENERGY, THERMAL ENERGY, NUCLEAR ENERGY, ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

  • 19

    Stored energy ; The ability to do work by virtue of position; Energy at rest. PE = mgh

    POTENTIAL ENERGY

  • 20

    Energy in motion. KE = FRICTION “in every motion there is HEAT PRODUCTION”

    KINETIC ENERGY

  • 21

    It is released by a chemical energy.

    CHEMICAL ENERGY

  • 22

    - It happens when an electron moves through an electric potential difference (voltage)

    ELECTRICAL ENERGY

  • 23

    energy of motion at molecular motion; kinetic energy of molecules and is closely related to temperature; excitation/vibration = heat

    THERMAL ENERGY

  • 24

    energy that is contained within the nucleus of an atom

    NUCLEAR ENERGY

  • 25

    MOST IMPORTANT FOR RT; usually referred to us as Electromagnetic Radiation; Used in x-ray imaging.

    ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

  • 26

    HE SAID The strangest property associated with matter and energy is that they are INTERCHANGEABLE,

    ALBERT EINSTEIN

  • 27

    Radiation more than the speed of light

    CERENKOV

  • 28

    E = mc2 MASS ENERGY EQUIVALENT

    E = energy m = mass c = speed of light

  • 29

    E = mc2 MASS ENERGY EQUIVALENCE

    E = energy m = mass c = speed of light

  • 30

    Energy emitted and transferred through space • Transfer of energy

    RADIATION

  • 31

    UNITS OF RADIATION

    • Electron volts • Voltage/ volts • Stored energy • Energy potential

  • 32

    A special type of radiation that includes x-rays. ANY TYPE OF RADIATION THAT IS CAPABLE OF REMOVING AN ORBITAL ELECTRON FROM THE ATOM WITH WHICH IT INTERACTS.

    IONIZING RADIATION

  • 33

    The interaction between matter and radiation. IT OCCURS WHEN AN X-RAY PASSESS CLOSE TO AN ORBITAL ELECTRON OF AN ATOM AND TRANSFERS SUFFICIENT ENERGY TO THE ELECTRON TO REMOVE IT FROM THE ATOM.

    IONIZATION

  • 34

    consists of the orbital electron and the atom from which it was separated

    ION PAIR

  • 35

    1. the newly freed electron 2.the rest of the atom

    1. (-) 2. (+)

  • 36

    ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

    RADIOWAVES, MICROWAVES, INFRARED, VISIBLE LIGHT, ULTRAVIOLET, X-RAYS, GAMMA RAYS

  • 37

    SOURCES OF IONIZING RADIATION

    1. Natural environmental radiation 2. Man-made radiation

  • 38

    NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION

    3 millisieverts (mSv)

  • 39

    MAN-MADE RADIATION

    3.2 millisieverts (mSv)

  • 40

    The unit of effective dose. It is used to express radiation exposure of populations and radiation risk in those populations.

    MILLISIEVERTS (mSv)

  • 41

    4 COMPONENTS OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION

    1. Cosmic rays 2. Terrestrial radiation 3. Internally deposited radionuclides 4. Radon

  • 42

    Particulate and electromagnetic radiation emitted by the stars and sun.

    COSMIC RAYS

  • 43

    Results from deposits of uranium, thorium, and other radionuclides in the Earth

    TERRESTRIAL RADIATION

  • 44

    mainly potassium-40 which is a natural metabolites.

    INTERNALLY DEPOSITED RADIONUCLIDES

  • 45

    Largest source of natural environmental radiation. An active gas that is produced by the natural decay of uranium. It emits alpha particle which are not penetrating, and therefore contributes a radiation dose only to the LUNG.

    RADON

  • 46

    3 COMPONENTS OF RADON

    CONCRETE BLOCKS BRICKS GYPSUM

  • 47

    Contributes the largest ma- made source of ionizing radiation (3.2 mSv/yr)

    DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY

  • 48

    OTHER MAN-MADE RADIATION SOURCES

    1.NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION 2.RESEARCH APPLICATIONS 3.INDUSTRIAL SOURCES 4.CONSUMER ITEMS – 0.1mSv/yr

  • 49

    HE IS AMERICAN PHYSIAN AND X-RAY PIONEER HE INTRODUCED DOUBLE EMULSION IMAGING

    CHARLES LESTER LEONARD ( 1861-1913)

  • 50

    HE IS SERBIAN AMERICAN PHYSICIST. HE IMPROVED FLOUROSCOPE

    MICHAEL PUPIN (1858-1935)

  • 51

    PROTECTOR/HOLDER USED IN X-RAY IMAGING

    CASSETTE

  • 52

    A THIN FLAT LAYERS OF MATERIAL THAT ARE PLACED ON EITHER SIDE OF X-RAY FILM IN A CASSETTE DEVELOPED BY MICHAEL PUPIN

    INTENSIFYING SCREEN

  • 53

    Crucial components in radiography that enhance image quality and reduce patient radiation exposure

    INTENSIFYING SCREEN

  • 54

    PARTS OF INTENSIFYING SCREEN

    PHOSPOR LAYER PROTECTIVE LATER REFLECTIVE LAYER BASE

  • 55

    a device that reduces the amount of scattered radiation reaching the image receptor

    GRID

  • 56

    WHO INVENTED BUCKY DIAPHRAM OR THE X-ray GRID?

    DR. GUSTAV PETER BUCKY (1913)

  • 57

    Also known as moving grid •It absobrs scattered radiation while allowing useful radiation to reach the image receptor.

    POTTER-BUCKY GRID

  • 58

    - is a medical procedure that uses X-rays to produce real-time, moving images of the body's interior.

    FLOUROSCOPY

  • 59

    is commonly known as an Image Intensifier Tube or II Tube

    LIGHT AMPLIFIER TUBE

  • 60

    TYPES OF OLD LIGHT AMPLIFIER TUBE

    IMAGE QUALITY BRIGHTNESS RADIATION DOSE TECHNOLOGY DURABILITY

  • 61

    MODERN LIGHT AMPLIFIER TUBE

    IMAGE QUALITY BRIGHTNESS RADIATION DOSE TECHNOLOGY DUTABILITY INTEGRATION COST

  • 62

    is a passive electrical device used to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another, via the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction

    TRANSFORMER

  • 63

    COMPONENTS OF TRANSFORMER

    PRIMARY COIL ION CORE SECONDARY COIL

  • 64

    a set of insulated wires attached to the input current

    PRIMARY COIL

  • 65

    a medical imaging device that uses X-rays to create real-time moving images of the interior of the body.

    FLOUROSCOPE

  • 66

    WHO INVENTED FLOUROSCOPE?

    THOMAS ALVA EDISON (1896)

  • 67

    is the process of making light rays parallel

    COLLIMATION

  • 68

    is a crucial process in radiography that involves removing low-energy X-ray photons from the beam spectrum.

    X-RAY FILTRATION

  • 69

    Experiments with Crookes tubes contributed to the development of early atomic models, including J.J. Thomson's discovery of the electron and his plum pudding model of the atom.

    ATOMIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT

  • 70

    Placing objects in the path of the cathode rays within the tube produces shadows on the opposite side, demonstrating the travel of particles in straight lines.

    SHADOW FORMATION

  • 71

    It contains two main electrodes: a cathode (negative electrode) and an anode (positive electrode). When a high voltage is applied across these electrodes, electrons are emitted from the cathode and accelerate towards the anode.

    ELECTRODES

  • 72

    The Crookes tube consists of a glass envelope from which most of the air has been evacuated, creating a partial vacuum. This allows electrons (cathode rays) to travel more freely through the tube.

    PARTIALLY EVACUATED GLASS TUBE

  • 73

    He was an American electrical engineer and inventor. He developed the Snook apparatus, the first interrupterless device produced for X-ray work. The “Snook” X-ray tube is a diagnostic x-ray tube that had a unique approach to raising and lowering the internal gas pressure.

    HOMER CLYDE SNOOK

  • 74

    The Coolidge tube operates in a high vacuum environment, which allows for better control over the electron flow and reduces the risk of tube failure due to gas ionization. This increased the efficiency and reliability of the X-ray production process.

    HIGH VACUUM

  • 75

    The Crookes tube consists of a glass envelope from which most of the air has been evacuated, creating a partial vacuum. This allows electrons (cathode rays) to travel more freely through the tube.

    PARTIALLY EVACUATED GLASS TUBE

  • 76

    2 main electrodes

    cathode(negative) anode (positive)

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    FATHER OF DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY

    WILHELM CONRAD ROENTGEN (NOV. 08,1895)

  • 2

    INVENTED SIR WILLIAM CROOKES

    CROOKES TUBE

  • 3

    Many university physics laboratories were investigating about the conduction of cathode rays or electron beams (e-beam)

    1890

  • 4

    are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes.

    CATHODE RAYS

  • 5

    1. He had darkened his laboratory 2. Completely closed the Crooke’s tube with black photographic paper (so he could better visualize the effects of the cathode rays in the tube. 3. Then a plate coated with barium platinocyanide, a fluorescent material, happened to be lying on a bench top several meters from the Crooke’s tube glows. 4. The intensity of the glow increased as the plate was brought closer to the tube

    NOVEMBER 08, 1895 – Wurzburg University in Germany

  • 6

    was the first term used to describe this glow

    FLOURESCENSE

  • 7

    Roentgen’s term during the investigation.

    X-light

  • 8

    FIRST MEDICAL X- RAY IMAGE

    FEBRUARY 1896

  • 9

    The AMERICAN ROENTGEN SOCIETY, the first American Radiology organization is founded.

    1900

  • 10

    Roentgen receives the first Nobel prize in physics.

    1901

  • 11

    Anything that occupies space and has mass.

    MATTER

  • 12

    All matter is composed of fundamental building blocks called

    ATOM

  • 13

    the quantity of matter contained in any physical object.

    MASS

  • 14

    the force exerted on a body under the influence of gravity

    WEIGHT

  • 15

    RADIOLOGY

    THERAPEUTIC DIAGNOSTIC

  • 16

    RADIATION

    IONIZING NON-IONIZING

  • 17

    Ability to do work

    ENERGY

  • 18

    PARTS OF ENERGY

    POTENTIAL ENERGY, KINETIC ENERGY, CHEMICAL ENERGY, ELECTRICAL ENERGY, THERMAL ENERGY, NUCLEAR ENERGY, ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

  • 19

    Stored energy ; The ability to do work by virtue of position; Energy at rest. PE = mgh

    POTENTIAL ENERGY

  • 20

    Energy in motion. KE = FRICTION “in every motion there is HEAT PRODUCTION”

    KINETIC ENERGY

  • 21

    It is released by a chemical energy.

    CHEMICAL ENERGY

  • 22

    - It happens when an electron moves through an electric potential difference (voltage)

    ELECTRICAL ENERGY

  • 23

    energy of motion at molecular motion; kinetic energy of molecules and is closely related to temperature; excitation/vibration = heat

    THERMAL ENERGY

  • 24

    energy that is contained within the nucleus of an atom

    NUCLEAR ENERGY

  • 25

    MOST IMPORTANT FOR RT; usually referred to us as Electromagnetic Radiation; Used in x-ray imaging.

    ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

  • 26

    HE SAID The strangest property associated with matter and energy is that they are INTERCHANGEABLE,

    ALBERT EINSTEIN

  • 27

    Radiation more than the speed of light

    CERENKOV

  • 28

    E = mc2 MASS ENERGY EQUIVALENT

    E = energy m = mass c = speed of light

  • 29

    E = mc2 MASS ENERGY EQUIVALENCE

    E = energy m = mass c = speed of light

  • 30

    Energy emitted and transferred through space • Transfer of energy

    RADIATION

  • 31

    UNITS OF RADIATION

    • Electron volts • Voltage/ volts • Stored energy • Energy potential

  • 32

    A special type of radiation that includes x-rays. ANY TYPE OF RADIATION THAT IS CAPABLE OF REMOVING AN ORBITAL ELECTRON FROM THE ATOM WITH WHICH IT INTERACTS.

    IONIZING RADIATION

  • 33

    The interaction between matter and radiation. IT OCCURS WHEN AN X-RAY PASSESS CLOSE TO AN ORBITAL ELECTRON OF AN ATOM AND TRANSFERS SUFFICIENT ENERGY TO THE ELECTRON TO REMOVE IT FROM THE ATOM.

    IONIZATION

  • 34

    consists of the orbital electron and the atom from which it was separated

    ION PAIR

  • 35

    1. the newly freed electron 2.the rest of the atom

    1. (-) 2. (+)

  • 36

    ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

    RADIOWAVES, MICROWAVES, INFRARED, VISIBLE LIGHT, ULTRAVIOLET, X-RAYS, GAMMA RAYS

  • 37

    SOURCES OF IONIZING RADIATION

    1. Natural environmental radiation 2. Man-made radiation

  • 38

    NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION

    3 millisieverts (mSv)

  • 39

    MAN-MADE RADIATION

    3.2 millisieverts (mSv)

  • 40

    The unit of effective dose. It is used to express radiation exposure of populations and radiation risk in those populations.

    MILLISIEVERTS (mSv)

  • 41

    4 COMPONENTS OF NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION

    1. Cosmic rays 2. Terrestrial radiation 3. Internally deposited radionuclides 4. Radon

  • 42

    Particulate and electromagnetic radiation emitted by the stars and sun.

    COSMIC RAYS

  • 43

    Results from deposits of uranium, thorium, and other radionuclides in the Earth

    TERRESTRIAL RADIATION

  • 44

    mainly potassium-40 which is a natural metabolites.

    INTERNALLY DEPOSITED RADIONUCLIDES

  • 45

    Largest source of natural environmental radiation. An active gas that is produced by the natural decay of uranium. It emits alpha particle which are not penetrating, and therefore contributes a radiation dose only to the LUNG.

    RADON

  • 46

    3 COMPONENTS OF RADON

    CONCRETE BLOCKS BRICKS GYPSUM

  • 47

    Contributes the largest ma- made source of ionizing radiation (3.2 mSv/yr)

    DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY

  • 48

    OTHER MAN-MADE RADIATION SOURCES

    1.NUCLEAR POWER GENERATION 2.RESEARCH APPLICATIONS 3.INDUSTRIAL SOURCES 4.CONSUMER ITEMS – 0.1mSv/yr

  • 49

    HE IS AMERICAN PHYSIAN AND X-RAY PIONEER HE INTRODUCED DOUBLE EMULSION IMAGING

    CHARLES LESTER LEONARD ( 1861-1913)

  • 50

    HE IS SERBIAN AMERICAN PHYSICIST. HE IMPROVED FLOUROSCOPE

    MICHAEL PUPIN (1858-1935)

  • 51

    PROTECTOR/HOLDER USED IN X-RAY IMAGING

    CASSETTE

  • 52

    A THIN FLAT LAYERS OF MATERIAL THAT ARE PLACED ON EITHER SIDE OF X-RAY FILM IN A CASSETTE DEVELOPED BY MICHAEL PUPIN

    INTENSIFYING SCREEN

  • 53

    Crucial components in radiography that enhance image quality and reduce patient radiation exposure

    INTENSIFYING SCREEN

  • 54

    PARTS OF INTENSIFYING SCREEN

    PHOSPOR LAYER PROTECTIVE LATER REFLECTIVE LAYER BASE

  • 55

    a device that reduces the amount of scattered radiation reaching the image receptor

    GRID

  • 56

    WHO INVENTED BUCKY DIAPHRAM OR THE X-ray GRID?

    DR. GUSTAV PETER BUCKY (1913)

  • 57

    Also known as moving grid •It absobrs scattered radiation while allowing useful radiation to reach the image receptor.

    POTTER-BUCKY GRID

  • 58

    - is a medical procedure that uses X-rays to produce real-time, moving images of the body's interior.

    FLOUROSCOPY

  • 59

    is commonly known as an Image Intensifier Tube or II Tube

    LIGHT AMPLIFIER TUBE

  • 60

    TYPES OF OLD LIGHT AMPLIFIER TUBE

    IMAGE QUALITY BRIGHTNESS RADIATION DOSE TECHNOLOGY DURABILITY

  • 61

    MODERN LIGHT AMPLIFIER TUBE

    IMAGE QUALITY BRIGHTNESS RADIATION DOSE TECHNOLOGY DUTABILITY INTEGRATION COST

  • 62

    is a passive electrical device used to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another, via the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction

    TRANSFORMER

  • 63

    COMPONENTS OF TRANSFORMER

    PRIMARY COIL ION CORE SECONDARY COIL

  • 64

    a set of insulated wires attached to the input current

    PRIMARY COIL

  • 65

    a medical imaging device that uses X-rays to create real-time moving images of the interior of the body.

    FLOUROSCOPE

  • 66

    WHO INVENTED FLOUROSCOPE?

    THOMAS ALVA EDISON (1896)

  • 67

    is the process of making light rays parallel

    COLLIMATION

  • 68

    is a crucial process in radiography that involves removing low-energy X-ray photons from the beam spectrum.

    X-RAY FILTRATION

  • 69

    Experiments with Crookes tubes contributed to the development of early atomic models, including J.J. Thomson's discovery of the electron and his plum pudding model of the atom.

    ATOMIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT

  • 70

    Placing objects in the path of the cathode rays within the tube produces shadows on the opposite side, demonstrating the travel of particles in straight lines.

    SHADOW FORMATION

  • 71

    It contains two main electrodes: a cathode (negative electrode) and an anode (positive electrode). When a high voltage is applied across these electrodes, electrons are emitted from the cathode and accelerate towards the anode.

    ELECTRODES

  • 72

    The Crookes tube consists of a glass envelope from which most of the air has been evacuated, creating a partial vacuum. This allows electrons (cathode rays) to travel more freely through the tube.

    PARTIALLY EVACUATED GLASS TUBE

  • 73

    He was an American electrical engineer and inventor. He developed the Snook apparatus, the first interrupterless device produced for X-ray work. The “Snook” X-ray tube is a diagnostic x-ray tube that had a unique approach to raising and lowering the internal gas pressure.

    HOMER CLYDE SNOOK

  • 74

    The Coolidge tube operates in a high vacuum environment, which allows for better control over the electron flow and reduces the risk of tube failure due to gas ionization. This increased the efficiency and reliability of the X-ray production process.

    HIGH VACUUM

  • 75

    The Crookes tube consists of a glass envelope from which most of the air has been evacuated, creating a partial vacuum. This allows electrons (cathode rays) to travel more freely through the tube.

    PARTIALLY EVACUATED GLASS TUBE

  • 76

    2 main electrodes

    cathode(negative) anode (positive)