CC part 4

通報

問題一覧

It provides structural support, helps in lipoprotein metabolism and act as ligands for cell receptors

Apolipoprotein

Characteristics of apolipoprotein

The only protein moieties, Structural support, Lipoprotein metabolism, Ligands for cell receptors

Surface components of Lipoprotein I. Apolipoprotein II. TG III. Free fatty acid IV. Non-esterified cholesterol V. Esterified cholesterol VI. Phospholipids

I, IV, VI

Core components of Lipoprotein I. Apolipoprotein II. TG III. Free fatty acid IV. Non-esterified cholesterol V. Esterified cholesterol VI. Phospholipids

II, III, V

Amphipathic lipids; with polar and non polar groups I. Apolipoprotein II. TG III. Free fatty acid IV. Non-esterified cholesterol V. Esterified cholesterol VI. Phospholipids

IV, VI

Netral lipids; no polar groups I. Apolipoprotein II. TG III. Free fatty acid IV. Non-esterified cholesterol V. Esterified cholesterol VI. Phospholipids

II, III, V

Represents 65% of total cholesterol

NEC

Inversely proportional to cardiac risk

HDL

Catalyzes the esterification of cholesterol

Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase

Mediates the endocytosis of lipoproteins especially low density lipoprotein

LDL-R

Catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglyceride in lipoproteins releasing free fatty acids and glycerol to tissues

Lipoprotein lipase

Main distribution of Apo A1

HDL

Main distribution of Apo A-II

HDL

Main distribution of Apo A-IV

CM, VLDL, HDL

Main distribution of Apo B-100

VLDL, IDL, LDL

Main distribution of Apo B-48

Main distribution of Apo C-I

CM, VLDL, HDL

Main distribution of Apo E

CM, VLDL, IDL, remnants, HDL

Main distribution of Apo C-II

CM, VLDL, HDL

Main distribution of Apo C-III

CM, VLDL, HDL

LCAT activator

Apo A-I

LDL-R ligand

Apo B-100

Remnant receptor ligand

Apo B-48

LPL cofactor

Apo C-II

LPL inhibitor

Apo C-III

Recognition factor that targets chylomicrn and VLDL remnants to hepatic receptor

Apo E

Plasma concentration of Apo A-I in mg/dL

100-200

Plasma concentration of Apo A-II in mg/dL

20-50

Plasma concentration of Apo A-IV in mg/dL

10-20

Plasma concentration of Apo B-100 in mg/dL

70-125

Plasma concentration of Apo B-48 in mg/dL

Plasma concentration of Apo C-I in mg/dL

5-8

Plasma concentration of Apo C-II in mg/dL

3-7

Plasma concentration of Apo C-III in mg/dL

10-12

Plasma concentration of Apo E in mg/dL

3-15

In ultracentrifugation, what is the density of Chylomicrons

<0.93

In ultracentrifugation, what is the density of VLDL

0.93-1.006

In ultracentrifugation, what is the density of IDL

1.006-1.019

In ultracentrifugation, what is the density of LDL

1.019-1.063

In ultracentrifugation, what is the density of HDL

1.063-1.21

In electrophoretic mobility, what will be electrophoretic pattern starting from the origin

Chylomicrons, LDL, VLDL, HDL

In ultracentrifugation, the lipoprotein pattern starting from the top of the tube will be

Chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL

Major components of Chylomicrons

TG (exogenous)

Major components of VLDL

TG (endogenous)

Major components of LDL

Cholesterol (>50%)

Major components of HDL

Protein (50%) and phospholipids

Apolipoprotein in Chylomicrons I. A-I II. A-II III. B-48 IV. B-100 V. C VI. E

III, V, VI

Apolipoprotein in VLDL I. A-I II. A-II III. B-48 IV. B-100 V. C VI. E

IV, V, VI

Apolipoprotein in LDL I. A-I II. A-II III. B-48 IV. B-100 V. C VI. E

Apolipoprotein in HDL I. A-I II. A-II III. B-48 IV. B-100 V. C VI. E

I, II, V, VI

Apolipoprotein in I. A-I II. A-II III. B-48 IV. B-100 V. C VI. E

When in excess, it may be atherogenic and will promote atgerosclerosis

LDL

Intermediate in the synthesis of steroid hormone, vitamin D and synthesis of bile in liver

Cholesterol

High cholesterol content

beta-VLDL

The "sinking pre BETA-LP" ; has high protein content

Lp(a)

Abnormal lipoprotein associated with obstructive biliary disease and LCAT deficiency

LpX

also known as the "floating B-LP"

beta-VLDL

Sin in type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia or dysbetalipoproteinemia

beta-VLDL

Contains the prothrombotic Apo(a) which is homologous with plasminogen

Lp(a)

Associated with STROKE, MI, CHD

Lp(a)

Consist mostly of phospholipids and nonsterified cholesterol

LpX

In the Fredrickson classification of Hyperlipoproteinemia, clinical presentation of these types include Erputive xanthoma, except?

Type 2

Acute pancreatitis is an absolute clinical presentation of Type 1 hyperlipoproteinemia according to the Fredrickson classification. Pancreatitis may also be seen and can be associated with what other type?

In the Fredrickson classification, premature CHD can be associated with what types of hyperlipoproteinemia?

All of the choices

Fredrickson classification: Representative disorders of Type 1

Familial chylomicronemia

Fredrickson classification: Representative disorders of Type 2a

Familial hypercholesterolemia

Fredrickson classification: Representative disorders of Type 2b

Familial combined hyperlipoproteinemia

Fredrickson classification: Representative disorders of Type 3

Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia

Fredrickson classification: Representative disorders of Type 4

Primary hypertriglyceridemia

Fredrickson classification: Representative disorders of Type 5

Mixed hyperlipidemia/hypertriglyceridemia

Lab Findings in hyperlipoproteinemia Type 1 I. increased TG II. increased LDL III. increased TC

I only

Lab Findings in hyperlipoproteinemia Type 2a I. increased TG II. increased LDL III. increased TC

II and III

Lab Findings in hyperlipoproteinemia Type 2b I. increased TG II. increased LDL III. increased TC

I, II, III

Lab Findings in hyperlipoproteinemia Type 3 I. increased TG II. increased LDL III. increased TC

I, III

Lab Findings in hyperlipoproteinemia Type 4 I. increased TG II. increased LDL III. increased TC

I only

Lab Findings in hyperlipoproteinemia Type 5 I. increased TG II. increased LDL III. increased TC

I only

Also known as the Bassen-Kornzweig Syndrome

Abetalipoproteinemia

An autosomal recessive disorder involving mutations in the MTTP gene with absolute non-existent levels of Apo B48 and Apo B100

Abetalipoproteinemia

Autosomal dominant disorder caused by nonsense or miss sense mutations in the Apo gene

Hypobetalipoproteinemia

A rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by low to undetectable HDL due to a mutation in the ABCA1 gene

Tangier disease

HDL-C level <30 mg/dL in men <40 mg/dL in women

Hypoalphalipoproteinemia

2-step analytical method in cholesterol analysis

Saponification, Colorimetry

3-step analytical method in cholesterol analysis

Saponification, Colorimetry, Purification

Cholesterol Analysis Safonification: hydrolysis of cholesterol esters Reagent:

Alcoholic Potassium hyroxide

Cholesterol Analysis Extraction: removal of protein interference Reagent:

Bloor's reagent

Cholesterol Analysis Purification: precipitation of free cholesterol Reagent:

Digitonin

Reagents used in Liebermann-Burchardt

Sulfuric acid and acetic anhydrite

Reagents used in Salkowski

Sulfuric acid and ferric iron

In contrast to the Salkowski for the colorimetric method of cholesterol analysis, it utilises _____ rather than ______

Fe³+; (CH3CO)2O

What is the product in Liebermann-Burchardt's colorimetric analysis of cholesterol?

Cholestadienyl monosulfonic acid

What is the product in Salkowski's colorimetric analysis of cholesterol?

Cholestadienyl disulfonic acid

CDC reference method for cholesterol

Modified Abell-Kendall

The modified abell-kendall involves safonification with

Alcoholic KOH

The modified abell-kendall involves extraction with

n-hexane or petroleum ether

The modified abell-kendall involves colorimetry using

Liebermaan-Burchardt

Desirable reference value for cholesterol

<200 mg/dL

Borderline high reference value for cholesterol

200-239 mg/dL

High reference value for cholesterol

>/=240 mg/dL

Desirable reference value for cholesterol

Dhdjd

100

A 38-year old male had his cholesterol level checked. The result is 230 mg/dL. Given that he did all the necessary actions prior to testing, he has a

Moderate risk for developing CHD

Microbiology

Microbiology

Clinical Chem part 1

Clinical Chem part 1

Clinical Chem part 2

Clinical Chem part 2

Clinical Chem 3"

Clinical Chem 3"