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Solubility and Distribution Phenoma Part 1
100問 • 3ヶ月前
  • HERSHEY VALERIE BERNARDINO
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Concentration of solute in a saturated solution at a given temperature

    quantitative solubility

  • 2

    The amount of solute wherein the solvent can dissolve all the solute it can in a given temperature

    quantitative solubility

  • 3

    The spontaneous interaction of two or more substances to form a homogeneous molecular dispersion

    qualititative solubility

  • 4

    Solubility is an ____ material property

    intrinsic

  • 5

    Dissolution is an ____ material property

    extrinsic

  • 6

    A homogeneous system in which the solute is molecularly dispersed or dissolved in a solvent

    solution

  • 7

    Classified based on polar, nonpolar, and semipolar properties

    solvent

  • 8

    Classified based on states or phases such as solid, liquid, or gas

    solute

  • 9

    Estradiol

    non-electrolyte

  • 10

    glycerin, urea, naphthalene, sucrose, dextrose, fructose, and estradiol

    non-electrolytes

  • 11

    Sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, and sodium sulfate

    strong electrolyte

  • 12

    Aspirin, atropine, ephedrine, and phenobarbitals

    weak electrolytes

  • 13

    We ____ a solution by heating it, dissolving more solute, and cooling it

    supersaturate

  • 14

    Contains more dissolved solute

    supersaturated

  • 15

    Unstable and readily crystallizes when disturbed or seeded

    supersaturated

  • 16

    Also known as subsaturated solution

    unsaturated

  • 17

    Solution containing the dissolve solute in a concentration below that necessary for complete saturation at a definite temperature

    unsaturated

  • 18

    Unsaturated solution contains dissolved solute in a concentration ___ that necessary for complete saturation at a definite temperature

    below

  • 19

    Solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent

    saturated

  • 20

    The additional solute will not dissove in a saturated solution

    true

  • 21

    Additional solute will not dissove in a ____ solution

    saturated

  • 22

    Solution contais more of the dissolve solute that it would normally contain at a definite temperature; undissolved solute is present

    supersaturated

  • 23

    There are undissolvd solute present

    supersaturated

  • 24

    Depends on solvent-solute interaction

    solubility

  • 25

    like dissolves like

    true

  • 26

    An extrinsic material property that can be influenced by various chemical and physical means

    dissolution

  • 27

    < 1 part

    very soluble

  • 28

    1-10

    freely soluble

  • 29

    10-30

    soluble

  • 30

    30-100

    sparingly soluble

  • 31

    100-1000

    slightly soluble

  • 32

    1,000-10,000

    very slightly soluble

  • 33

    > 10,000

    practically soluble

  • 34

    very soluble

    < 1 part

  • 35

    Freely soluble

    1-10

  • 36

    Soluble

    10-30

  • 37

    Sparingly soluble

    30-100

  • 38

    Slightly soluble

    100-1,000

  • 39

    Very slightly soluble

    1,000-10,000

  • 40

    Practically soluble

    > 10,000

  • 41

    The greater the similary between the solute and the solvent

    the greater the solubility

  • 42

    Similar physical-chemical properties

    great solubility

  • 43

    ____ influences solubility through dipole moment, dielectric properties, and hydrogen bonding

    chemical structure

  • 44

    polar groups

    great solubility

  • 45

    non-polar groups

    poor solubility

  • 46

    Polar groups

    -OH, -SH, -COOH

  • 47

    non-polar groups

    -CH3

  • 48

    solubility due in large measure to polarity of solvent

    dipole moment

  • 49

    solubility of drug is due in __ measure to polarity of solvent

    large

  • 50

    ___ solvent dissolve ionic or polar solutes

    polar

  • 51

    Has the ability to form H-bonds significantly

    polar solvents

  • 52

    Can water dissolve phenol, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, and amines?

    yes

  • 53

    Separation of the ends of a dipole and th magnitude of the charges

    dipole moment

  • 54

    Ability to store electrical charge

    dielectric constant

  • 55

    A quantity measuring the ability of a substance to store electrical energy in an electric field

    dielectric constant

  • 56

    Decreases polarity and decreases solubility

    lower dielectric constant

  • 57

    Dissolves phenol, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, amine, and other O and N containing compouns

    hydrogen bond

  • 58

    The difference in the acidic (electron acceptor) and basic (electron honor) character of the constituents in the __ sense

    Lewis electron donor-acceptor

  • 59

    Solubility may vary depending o the structural features such as the ratio of the polar to the nonpolar groups of molecules

    true

  • 60

    The solubility of substances is affected by structural features

    true

  • 61

    As the number of nonpolar chains of an aliphatic alcohol increase,

    the solubility in water decreases

  • 62

    Straight-chain monohydroxy alcohols and aldehydes are soluble in water

    true

  • 63

    Ketones and acids with more than 4 or 5 carbons cannot enter into the hydrogen-bonded structure of water, hence are

    slighlty soluble

  • 64

    Water solubility ___ when additional polar groups are present in the molecule as found in propylene glycol, glycerin and tartaric acid

    increases

  • 65

    The branching of the carbon chain ___ the non polar effect and leads to an ___ in water solubility

    reduces, increase

  • 66

    Solute molecules in a non-polar solvent are kept in solution by a weak type of force called

    Van der Waals-London

  • 67

    Dissolves in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and mineral oil

    oils and fats

  • 68

    Alkaloidal bases and fatty acid dissolve in

    nonpolar solvents

  • 69

    unable to reduce attraction between ions of strong and weak electrolytes due to its low dielectric constant

    nonpolar solvents

  • 70

    Nonpolar solvents are unable to reduce attraction between ions of strong and weak electrolytes due to its ___ dielectric constant

    low

  • 71

    Nonpolar solvents that neither accept nor donate protons

    aprotic

  • 72

    It cannot break covlent bonds and ionize weak electrolytes

    aprotic solvents

  • 73

    It cannot form hydrogen bridges with non-electrolytes

    nonpolar solvents

  • 74

    Nonpolar solvents can disolve nonpolar solutes with similar internal pressures through ___ interactions or weak van der waals forces

    induced-dipole

  • 75

    cannot dissolve ionic or polar solutes or can only dissolve it slightly

    nonpolar solvents

  • 76

    water

    polar

  • 77

    methanol

    polar

  • 78

    ethanol

    polar

  • 79

    acetonitrile

    polar

  • 80

    isopropanol

    polar

  • 81

    chloroform

    nonpolar

  • 82

    toluene

    nonpolar

  • 83

    hexane

    nonpolar

  • 84

    dichloromethane

    nonpolar

  • 85

    ketones and alcohols are ___ solvents

    semipolar

  • 86

    can induce a certain degree of polarity in nonpolar solvent molecules

    semipolar

  • 87

    Semipolar solvents helps benzene, which is readily polarizable, to be soluble in alcohol

    true

  • 88

    semipolar solvents may act as intermediate solvents to bring out the miscibility of polar and nonpolar liquids

    true

  • 89

    semipolar solvent that increases the solubility of ether in water

    acetone

  • 90

    semipolar solvent that increases miscibility of the water-castor oil mixture

    alcohol

  • 91

    semipolar solvent that increases miscibility of water and peppermint oil, water, and benzyl benzoate

    propylene glycol

  • 92

    spirits and elixirs

    volatile oil + alcohol

  • 93

    colloidons

    ether + alcohol

  • 94

    aromatic waters

    volatile oil + water

  • 95

    hydroalcoholic solutions

    alcohol + water

  • 96

    lotions, sprays, and medicated oils

    blended fixed oils

  • 97

    Refer to mutual solubilities of the components in liquid-liquid system

    miscibility

  • 98

    Liquids that mix in all proportions

    complete miscibility

  • 99

    water-alcohol

    completely miscible

  • 100

    glycerin-alcohol

    completely miscible

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Concentration of solute in a saturated solution at a given temperature

    quantitative solubility

  • 2

    The amount of solute wherein the solvent can dissolve all the solute it can in a given temperature

    quantitative solubility

  • 3

    The spontaneous interaction of two or more substances to form a homogeneous molecular dispersion

    qualititative solubility

  • 4

    Solubility is an ____ material property

    intrinsic

  • 5

    Dissolution is an ____ material property

    extrinsic

  • 6

    A homogeneous system in which the solute is molecularly dispersed or dissolved in a solvent

    solution

  • 7

    Classified based on polar, nonpolar, and semipolar properties

    solvent

  • 8

    Classified based on states or phases such as solid, liquid, or gas

    solute

  • 9

    Estradiol

    non-electrolyte

  • 10

    glycerin, urea, naphthalene, sucrose, dextrose, fructose, and estradiol

    non-electrolytes

  • 11

    Sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, and sodium sulfate

    strong electrolyte

  • 12

    Aspirin, atropine, ephedrine, and phenobarbitals

    weak electrolytes

  • 13

    We ____ a solution by heating it, dissolving more solute, and cooling it

    supersaturate

  • 14

    Contains more dissolved solute

    supersaturated

  • 15

    Unstable and readily crystallizes when disturbed or seeded

    supersaturated

  • 16

    Also known as subsaturated solution

    unsaturated

  • 17

    Solution containing the dissolve solute in a concentration below that necessary for complete saturation at a definite temperature

    unsaturated

  • 18

    Unsaturated solution contains dissolved solute in a concentration ___ that necessary for complete saturation at a definite temperature

    below

  • 19

    Solution containing the maximum concentration of a solute dissolved in the solvent

    saturated

  • 20

    The additional solute will not dissove in a saturated solution

    true

  • 21

    Additional solute will not dissove in a ____ solution

    saturated

  • 22

    Solution contais more of the dissolve solute that it would normally contain at a definite temperature; undissolved solute is present

    supersaturated

  • 23

    There are undissolvd solute present

    supersaturated

  • 24

    Depends on solvent-solute interaction

    solubility

  • 25

    like dissolves like

    true

  • 26

    An extrinsic material property that can be influenced by various chemical and physical means

    dissolution

  • 27

    < 1 part

    very soluble

  • 28

    1-10

    freely soluble

  • 29

    10-30

    soluble

  • 30

    30-100

    sparingly soluble

  • 31

    100-1000

    slightly soluble

  • 32

    1,000-10,000

    very slightly soluble

  • 33

    > 10,000

    practically soluble

  • 34

    very soluble

    < 1 part

  • 35

    Freely soluble

    1-10

  • 36

    Soluble

    10-30

  • 37

    Sparingly soluble

    30-100

  • 38

    Slightly soluble

    100-1,000

  • 39

    Very slightly soluble

    1,000-10,000

  • 40

    Practically soluble

    > 10,000

  • 41

    The greater the similary between the solute and the solvent

    the greater the solubility

  • 42

    Similar physical-chemical properties

    great solubility

  • 43

    ____ influences solubility through dipole moment, dielectric properties, and hydrogen bonding

    chemical structure

  • 44

    polar groups

    great solubility

  • 45

    non-polar groups

    poor solubility

  • 46

    Polar groups

    -OH, -SH, -COOH

  • 47

    non-polar groups

    -CH3

  • 48

    solubility due in large measure to polarity of solvent

    dipole moment

  • 49

    solubility of drug is due in __ measure to polarity of solvent

    large

  • 50

    ___ solvent dissolve ionic or polar solutes

    polar

  • 51

    Has the ability to form H-bonds significantly

    polar solvents

  • 52

    Can water dissolve phenol, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, and amines?

    yes

  • 53

    Separation of the ends of a dipole and th magnitude of the charges

    dipole moment

  • 54

    Ability to store electrical charge

    dielectric constant

  • 55

    A quantity measuring the ability of a substance to store electrical energy in an electric field

    dielectric constant

  • 56

    Decreases polarity and decreases solubility

    lower dielectric constant

  • 57

    Dissolves phenol, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, amine, and other O and N containing compouns

    hydrogen bond

  • 58

    The difference in the acidic (electron acceptor) and basic (electron honor) character of the constituents in the __ sense

    Lewis electron donor-acceptor

  • 59

    Solubility may vary depending o the structural features such as the ratio of the polar to the nonpolar groups of molecules

    true

  • 60

    The solubility of substances is affected by structural features

    true

  • 61

    As the number of nonpolar chains of an aliphatic alcohol increase,

    the solubility in water decreases

  • 62

    Straight-chain monohydroxy alcohols and aldehydes are soluble in water

    true

  • 63

    Ketones and acids with more than 4 or 5 carbons cannot enter into the hydrogen-bonded structure of water, hence are

    slighlty soluble

  • 64

    Water solubility ___ when additional polar groups are present in the molecule as found in propylene glycol, glycerin and tartaric acid

    increases

  • 65

    The branching of the carbon chain ___ the non polar effect and leads to an ___ in water solubility

    reduces, increase

  • 66

    Solute molecules in a non-polar solvent are kept in solution by a weak type of force called

    Van der Waals-London

  • 67

    Dissolves in carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and mineral oil

    oils and fats

  • 68

    Alkaloidal bases and fatty acid dissolve in

    nonpolar solvents

  • 69

    unable to reduce attraction between ions of strong and weak electrolytes due to its low dielectric constant

    nonpolar solvents

  • 70

    Nonpolar solvents are unable to reduce attraction between ions of strong and weak electrolytes due to its ___ dielectric constant

    low

  • 71

    Nonpolar solvents that neither accept nor donate protons

    aprotic

  • 72

    It cannot break covlent bonds and ionize weak electrolytes

    aprotic solvents

  • 73

    It cannot form hydrogen bridges with non-electrolytes

    nonpolar solvents

  • 74

    Nonpolar solvents can disolve nonpolar solutes with similar internal pressures through ___ interactions or weak van der waals forces

    induced-dipole

  • 75

    cannot dissolve ionic or polar solutes or can only dissolve it slightly

    nonpolar solvents

  • 76

    water

    polar

  • 77

    methanol

    polar

  • 78

    ethanol

    polar

  • 79

    acetonitrile

    polar

  • 80

    isopropanol

    polar

  • 81

    chloroform

    nonpolar

  • 82

    toluene

    nonpolar

  • 83

    hexane

    nonpolar

  • 84

    dichloromethane

    nonpolar

  • 85

    ketones and alcohols are ___ solvents

    semipolar

  • 86

    can induce a certain degree of polarity in nonpolar solvent molecules

    semipolar

  • 87

    Semipolar solvents helps benzene, which is readily polarizable, to be soluble in alcohol

    true

  • 88

    semipolar solvents may act as intermediate solvents to bring out the miscibility of polar and nonpolar liquids

    true

  • 89

    semipolar solvent that increases the solubility of ether in water

    acetone

  • 90

    semipolar solvent that increases miscibility of the water-castor oil mixture

    alcohol

  • 91

    semipolar solvent that increases miscibility of water and peppermint oil, water, and benzyl benzoate

    propylene glycol

  • 92

    spirits and elixirs

    volatile oil + alcohol

  • 93

    colloidons

    ether + alcohol

  • 94

    aromatic waters

    volatile oil + water

  • 95

    hydroalcoholic solutions

    alcohol + water

  • 96

    lotions, sprays, and medicated oils

    blended fixed oils

  • 97

    Refer to mutual solubilities of the components in liquid-liquid system

    miscibility

  • 98

    Liquids that mix in all proportions

    complete miscibility

  • 99

    water-alcohol

    completely miscible

  • 100

    glycerin-alcohol

    completely miscible