Introduction & Cellular Respiration

Primitive organisms used to get necessary energy from glycolysis reactions, through which one glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid.

1. Glycolysis is common for both aerobic and anaerobic reactions to produce energy. 2. The energy producing cycle involves photosynthesis and glycolysis.

Disadvantages of this cycle are: 1. Less than (0.1%) of energy releases during glycolysis reactions. 2. High concentration of respiration products is poisonous for organisms. 3. High concentration of oxygen that is produced in photosynthesis is poisonous for some organisms. 4. Glycolysis does not supply carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.

(1.)Photosynthesis, (2.)glycolysis and (3.)respiration are the main reactions of the carbon cycle in nature.

1. Glucose is broken down into water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2 ) in cellular respiration, and energy is released at the end of the reaction. 2. Glucose, fatty acids, glycerol and amino acids are the reactants of cellular respiration. Enzymes which are activated by ions and coenzymes are used during cellular respiration. 3. Cellular respiration can be summarized

Is an important compound that provides energy for muscular contraction, secretion, impulse transmission, and active transport.

1. Provides energy for muscular contraction, secretion, impulse transmission, and active transport. 2. Chemical bond energy obtained from ATP is used in the synthesis of complex molecules. For instance, during the production of proteins from amino acids, ATP is converted into ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate).

It is a reaction in which glucose is used as the primary source of energy for metabolic activities. It is common in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

1. Glucose is the primary source of energy. Glucose is activated by consuming 2 ATP. 2. The activated glucose is broken down into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid.