Respiration in Vertebrates

13問 • 2年前

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talk about cutaneous respiration in vertebrates.

1. Some kinds of vertebrates like amphibia and Some fishes use their skin for gas exchange. For example, eels provide 60% of gas exchange by its skin which is rich in blood capillaries. 2. Cutaneous respiration has a big role for amphibia during hibernation.

What’re the advantages of cutaneous respiration in amphibia?

Thickness of skin, being rich in blood vessels and the presence of mucous glands are advantages of cutaneous respiration in amphibia.

Cutaneous respiration is the best respiration for amphibia?

Because of its advantages, which include: 1. Thickness of the skin. 2. Being rich in blood vessels. 3. The presence of mucous glands.

Some kinds of salamanders use cutaneous respiration?

Because they don’t have gills or lungs.

Gills →

Extract dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide

What’re gills composed of?

Gills are composed of comb-like filaments, the gill lamellae, which help increase their surface for oxygen exchange.

Gill lamellae →

Help increase the surface of gills for oxygen exchange

Explain gill respiration in fish

When a fish breathes, it draws in a mouthful of water at regular intervals. Then, it draws the sides of its throat together, forcing the water through the gill openings, so the water passes through the gills to the outside.

#Operculum:

: هو السديلة العظمية التي تحمي الخياشيم من الأذى. يفتح ويغلق ليسمح للماء بالمرور عبر الخياشيم.

Explain the respiration in amphibia.

1. The lungs of amphibia are similar to small sacs as there are no folds on their surface. 2. Since the lungs are unfolded, no alveoli is present. 3. In contrast to other vertebrates, the lungs in amphibia are attached directly to the pharynx and there's no trachea.

Explain respiration in birds.

1. There are five air sacs attached to the lung. These sacs use much of the body cavity to be filled with air. They penetrate the bones and connective tissue under the skin, an aspect that is closely related to the flying ability of birds. 2. Trachea is divided into two bronchi. Then, bronchi are divided into bronchioles which are connected to the bones via capillaries and air sacs. 3. Air enters the respiratory system through the nostrils and flows into the lungs and then to the air sacs. Air sacs increase the oxygen storage capacity of birds. 4. The oxygen taken by the lungs passes into the blood and is carried to the body cells.

The structure of the respiratory system in birds is more sophisticated than in other animals?

Because it includes air capillaries surrounded by a network of blood capillaries.

What's the importance of air sacs in birds?

There are five sacs attached to the lung: 1. They cause much of the body cavity to be filled with air. 2. They penetrate the bones and connectivity tissue under the skin, and aspect that is closely related to the flying ability of birds. 3. Trachea is divided into two bronchi. Then, bronchi are divided into bronchioles which are connected to the bones via capillaries and air sacs. 4. Air sacs in birds increase the oxygen storage capacity of birds.

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حسين علي · 10問 · 2年前

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