sero1

100問 • 7ヶ月前

ユーザ名非公開

通報

問題一覧

Reaction i due to and Ag-Ab reax wherein the Ag is naturally found in the cells

direct immune

Aggregation of indicator red cells are not due to Ag-Ab reactions; e.g viral hemagglutination tests

direct non-immune

Reactions where antigen is attached to a carrier particle; detect antibody i biologic sample; ex: latex agglutination

indirect or passive agglutination

Antibody is attached to a carrier particle; detects antigen; example: CRP assay

reverse passive agglutination

Based on competition between partticulate and soluble antigens for limited antibody-combining sites; Example Pregnancy test/ HCG

agglutination inhibition

Competitive binding assay; biological sample is incubated with viral particles; POSITIVE: NO AGGLUTINATION

VIRAL HEMAGGLUTINATION

Detect the presence of non-agglutinating antibodies on RBcs by adding secondary antibody

antiglobulin test

Uses bacteria as inert particles to which antiboides are attached; uses s. Aureus

coagglutination

Uses Gold as an inert particle

sol particle immunoassay

Uses dye as an inert particle

Disperse dye immunoassay

Uses latex particle, most sensitive

IMPACT immunoassay

The combination od soluble antigen with an antibody to produce an insoluble complex

precipitaton

Antibody excess; insufficient antigen

pro zone

Excess antigens; decreased cross-linking

post zone

Oudin

single diffusion-single dimension

Radial immunodiffusion/ mancini

single diffusion- double dimension

Oakley and fulthrope

double diffusion- single dimension

Ouchterlony and elek

double diffusion- double dimension

Mesurement are taken while the disc is still expanding; faster method

kinetic( fahey method)

Measurement taken when the ring hs stopped expanding; allow maximal precipitation

mancini endpoint

Fused banof precipitate around the Ab well, antibody is precipitating identical antigens

serological identity

Spur formation; ag are not identical but posess a common determinant

single partial identity

Lines of precipitation cross one another; antigens are serologically distinct

non-identity

Double spurring

double partial identity

Single reactant moving in two dimensions; diffusion counterpart

crossed IE/ ressler's method/ double crossed IE

Double reactants moving in one dimension

counter immunoelectrophoresis

Double reactants moving in two dimensions; bJP identification

classic immunoelectrophoresis or IEP; grabar-williams

Antigen in px sample competes for limited ab-binding sites with enzyme labeled Ag

homogenous EIA

Solid phase antigen fixed to a slide is incubated directly with a fluorescence labeled antibody

direct immunofluoresecent assay

Fluorescent antibody dark field technique for t pallidum uses what type of immunofluorescent immunoassay

direct immunfluorescent asy

Patient antibody is reacted with specific antigen fixed to a microscopid slide; example: FTA ABS, FANA;result : immunologic sandwich

indirect immunofluorescent assay

Positive result is a no fluorescence reaction

inhibition immunoflourescence test

If the ucleic acid of interest is RNA, it can be converted to DNA in the initial step of PCR

reverse transcriptase polymerase reaction

Uses numerous primers within a single reaction tube to amplify nucleic acid fragments from different targets

multiplex polymerase chain reaction

Measures th amount of amplicons in real time, which reduces the time it takes to run a PCR; less susceptible to amplicon contamination

real-time pCr

Also known as cardiolipin

wasserman antigen

A treponemal antigen that is non virulent

reiter strain

A treponemal antigen that is virulent

nichol strain

Also known as reagin antibodies; anticardiolipin antibodies

non treponemal antibodies

Stage lasts for1-6 weeks; RPR is more sensitive than VDRL and Equally sensitive with FTA ABS

Primary syphilis

Most contagious stage; observed at 1-2 months after the primary chancre appear; chondylomata latal; ALL SEROLOGIC TEST are positive

secondary syphilis

Degeneration of the lower spnal cord, and general paresis, or chronic progressive dementia; presence of GUMMAs

tertiary syphilis

Principle: rapid slide microflocculation

venereal disease research laboratory

Serves as the antigen

cardiolipin

Help neutralize anticomplementary properties of cardiolipin; enhances sensitivity of the reactin

lecithin

Increases the effective reactive surface and complement fixing capacity of cardiolipin with reagin

cholesterol

Reinactivation of serum is done at what temp and how long when more than4 hours elapsed

56 degrees for10 mins

Inactivate complement by heating at_____ for_____ mins

56 degrees at 30 mins

Gauge: 18 Bevel: none Drops: 60 ml

qualitative serum VDRL

Gauge: 19 Bevel: none Drops: 75/ ml

quantitative serum VDRL

Gauge: 21/ 22 Bevel: none Drops: 100 ml

CSF VDRL

Gauge: 23 Bevel: With or without Drops: 100/ml

quantitative serum VDRL

Principle : flocculation/charcoal agglutination; for screening syphilis

RPR

Recommended for screening neurosyphilis

VDRL

Principle: indirect immunofluorescence; dilution of heat inactivarted serum is incubated with a sorbent consisting of an extract of nonpathogenic treponemes

fluorescent treponemal antibody adsorptio test

Uses turkey erythrocytes

TPHA

Uses tanned sheep erythrocyte

MHA_TP

Uses a glutaraldehyde to stabilize turkey erythrocyte

HATTS

Smooth matte at the botttom of the reaction well

reactive

Compact button cells

non-reactive

Patient serum or plasma is diluted in microtiter plates and incubated with either T. Pallidum-sensitized gel particles or unsensitized gel particles as a control

particle agglutination

Yaws; non-venereal disease of skin and bones

t. pallidum subspecie pertenue

Bejel ( lesion in oral cavity, oral mucosa, skin bones and nasopharynx)

t. pallidum subs. endemicum

Most comon cause of salmonellosis in N. America

salmonella enteriditis

Causes typhoid fever; most severe form of salmonellosis

salmonella typhi

Resist phagocytosis profucing the SPICY PROTEIN which inhibits fusion of lysosomes with the phagosome

s. typhosa

Thermostable somatic antigen; a polysaccharide in nature and is an endotoxin

O antigen

Flagellar antigen; protein in nature

H antigen

Capsular antigen; secon somatic antigen that can occur independently of the O antigen; associate with virulent strains; indicative of carrier state

Vi antigen

Principle: direct agglutination; febrile agglutination test

widal test

1:80 is suspect in a nonvaccinated patient

somatic O Abs

1:40 is suspect in a nonvaccinated patient

Flagellar H

IgM(+ ) and IgM IgG ( +/-)

definite typhoid fever

IgG(+)

previously successfully treated case of typhoid fever

Principle: direct agglutination; a febrile aglutinn that is based on the cros reaction of heterophile antibodies produced in response to rickettsial infection; 3 strains of proteus

weil felix reaction

Strain of proteus vulgaris in weil felix reaction

ox-2, ox-19

Strain of proteus mirabilis in weil felix test

ox-k

R. Prowazekii

epidemic typhus

R. Typhi

murine typhus

r. tsutsugamushi

scrub typhus

Adheres to epithelial cells, induces infection

lipoteichoic acid

Adheres to epithelial cells

protein f

Anti-phagocytic, mimics the protein of the heart valves; associated with strais that cause rheumatic fever

m protein

Spreading factor

hyaluronidase

Degrade DNA

DNAses

Converts plasminogen to plasmin

streptokinase

Responsible for red rash in scarlet fever

erythrogenic toxin

Based on neutralization of the hemolytic activity of Streptolysin O; positive result: No hemolysis

anti-streptolysin O titration test

Titer of ____ todd or below is considered normal;

166

Particle agglutination test in which erythrocytes are coated with a crude mixture of streptococcal antigens

multienzyme test/ streptozyme

Diagnosis of recent streptococcal infections; sensitivity is increased for the detection of glumerulonephritis preceded by streptococcal skin infections as ASO antibodies are not stimulated by this type of disease

streptococcal anti-dnase B determination

A susceptibility test for streptococcal infection

dick's test

A diagnostic test

schulyz charlton test

Test is performed on a strip of filter paper on which the brucella antigen has been printed as a black dot

surface fixation or castaneda strip test

In the absence of positive cultures, this is the most reliable indicator of brucella infection

agglutination

Most widely used method for detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae

enzyme immunoassay

Indirect immunofluorescence; detects IgM and IgG; observed under fluorescence microscope

IFA

Method of choice for H. Pylori ab detection

ELISA

Most common autoimmune disease

rheumatoid arthritis

100

Female to male ratio

2.5:1

hema2 pt 2

ユーザ名非公開 · 19問 · 7ヶ月前

hema2 pt 2

19問 • 7ヶ月前

ユーザ名非公開

immuno 1

ユーザ名非公開 · 100問 · 7ヶ月前

immuno 1

100問 • 7ヶ月前

ユーザ名非公開

immuno 2

ユーザ名非公開 · 100問 · 7ヶ月前

immuno 2

100問 • 7ヶ月前

ユーザ名非公開

immuno 3

ユーザ名非公開 · 100問 · 7ヶ月前

immuno 3

sero2

sero2

問題一覧

Reaction i due to and Ag-Ab reax wherein the Ag is naturally found in the cells

direct immune

Aggregation of indicator red cells are not due to Ag-Ab reactions; e.g viral hemagglutination tests

direct non-immune

Reactions where antigen is attached to a carrier particle; detect antibody i biologic sample; ex: latex agglutination

indirect or passive agglutination

Antibody is attached to a carrier particle; detects antigen; example: CRP assay

reverse passive agglutination

Based on competition between partticulate and soluble antigens for limited antibody-combining sites; Example Pregnancy test/ HCG

agglutination inhibition

Competitive binding assay; biological sample is incubated with viral particles; POSITIVE: NO AGGLUTINATION

VIRAL HEMAGGLUTINATION

Detect the presence of non-agglutinating antibodies on RBcs by adding secondary antibody

antiglobulin test

Uses bacteria as inert particles to which antiboides are attached; uses s. Aureus

coagglutination

Uses Gold as an inert particle

sol particle immunoassay

Uses dye as an inert particle

Disperse dye immunoassay

Uses latex particle, most sensitive

IMPACT immunoassay

The combination od soluble antigen with an antibody to produce an insoluble complex

precipitaton

Antibody excess; insufficient antigen

pro zone

Excess antigens; decreased cross-linking

post zone

Oudin

single diffusion-single dimension

Radial immunodiffusion/ mancini

single diffusion- double dimension

Oakley and fulthrope

double diffusion- single dimension

Ouchterlony and elek

double diffusion- double dimension

Mesurement are taken while the disc is still expanding; faster method

kinetic( fahey method)

Measurement taken when the ring hs stopped expanding; allow maximal precipitation

mancini endpoint

Fused banof precipitate around the Ab well, antibody is precipitating identical antigens

serological identity

Spur formation; ag are not identical but posess a common determinant

single partial identity

Lines of precipitation cross one another; antigens are serologically distinct

non-identity

Double spurring

double partial identity

Single reactant moving in two dimensions; diffusion counterpart

crossed IE/ ressler's method/ double crossed IE

Double reactants moving in one dimension

counter immunoelectrophoresis

Double reactants moving in two dimensions; bJP identification

classic immunoelectrophoresis or IEP; grabar-williams

Antigen in px sample competes for limited ab-binding sites with enzyme labeled Ag

homogenous EIA

Solid phase antigen fixed to a slide is incubated directly with a fluorescence labeled antibody

direct immunofluoresecent assay

Fluorescent antibody dark field technique for t pallidum uses what type of immunofluorescent immunoassay

direct immunfluorescent asy

Patient antibody is reacted with specific antigen fixed to a microscopid slide; example: FTA ABS, FANA;result : immunologic sandwich

indirect immunofluorescent assay

Positive result is a no fluorescence reaction

inhibition immunoflourescence test

If the ucleic acid of interest is RNA, it can be converted to DNA in the initial step of PCR

reverse transcriptase polymerase reaction

Uses numerous primers within a single reaction tube to amplify nucleic acid fragments from different targets

multiplex polymerase chain reaction

Measures th amount of amplicons in real time, which reduces the time it takes to run a PCR; less susceptible to amplicon contamination

real-time pCr

Also known as cardiolipin

wasserman antigen

A treponemal antigen that is non virulent

reiter strain

A treponemal antigen that is virulent

nichol strain

Also known as reagin antibodies; anticardiolipin antibodies

non treponemal antibodies

Stage lasts for1-6 weeks; RPR is more sensitive than VDRL and Equally sensitive with FTA ABS

Primary syphilis

Most contagious stage; observed at 1-2 months after the primary chancre appear; chondylomata latal; ALL SEROLOGIC TEST are positive

secondary syphilis

Degeneration of the lower spnal cord, and general paresis, or chronic progressive dementia; presence of GUMMAs

tertiary syphilis

Principle: rapid slide microflocculation

venereal disease research laboratory

Serves as the antigen

cardiolipin

Help neutralize anticomplementary properties of cardiolipin; enhances sensitivity of the reactin

lecithin

Increases the effective reactive surface and complement fixing capacity of cardiolipin with reagin

cholesterol

Reinactivation of serum is done at what temp and how long when more than4 hours elapsed

56 degrees for10 mins

Inactivate complement by heating at_____ for_____ mins

56 degrees at 30 mins

Gauge: 18 Bevel: none Drops: 60 ml

qualitative serum VDRL

Gauge: 19 Bevel: none Drops: 75/ ml

quantitative serum VDRL

Gauge: 21/ 22 Bevel: none Drops: 100 ml

CSF VDRL

Gauge: 23 Bevel: With or without Drops: 100/ml

quantitative serum VDRL

Principle : flocculation/charcoal agglutination; for screening syphilis

RPR

Recommended for screening neurosyphilis

VDRL

Principle: indirect immunofluorescence; dilution of heat inactivarted serum is incubated with a sorbent consisting of an extract of nonpathogenic treponemes

fluorescent treponemal antibody adsorptio test

Uses turkey erythrocytes

TPHA

Uses tanned sheep erythrocyte

MHA_TP

Uses a glutaraldehyde to stabilize turkey erythrocyte

HATTS

Smooth matte at the botttom of the reaction well

reactive

Compact button cells

non-reactive

Patient serum or plasma is diluted in microtiter plates and incubated with either T. Pallidum-sensitized gel particles or unsensitized gel particles as a control

particle agglutination

Yaws; non-venereal disease of skin and bones

t. pallidum subspecie pertenue

Bejel ( lesion in oral cavity, oral mucosa, skin bones and nasopharynx)

t. pallidum subs. endemicum

Most comon cause of salmonellosis in N. America

salmonella enteriditis

Causes typhoid fever; most severe form of salmonellosis

salmonella typhi

Resist phagocytosis profucing the SPICY PROTEIN which inhibits fusion of lysosomes with the phagosome

s. typhosa

Thermostable somatic antigen; a polysaccharide in nature and is an endotoxin

O antigen

Flagellar antigen; protein in nature

H antigen

Capsular antigen; secon somatic antigen that can occur independently of the O antigen; associate with virulent strains; indicative of carrier state

Vi antigen

Principle: direct agglutination; febrile agglutination test

widal test

1:80 is suspect in a nonvaccinated patient

somatic O Abs

1:40 is suspect in a nonvaccinated patient

Flagellar H

IgM(+ ) and IgM IgG ( +/-)

definite typhoid fever

IgG(+)

previously successfully treated case of typhoid fever

Principle: direct agglutination; a febrile aglutinn that is based on the cros reaction of heterophile antibodies produced in response to rickettsial infection; 3 strains of proteus

weil felix reaction

Strain of proteus vulgaris in weil felix reaction

ox-2, ox-19

Strain of proteus mirabilis in weil felix test

ox-k

R. Prowazekii

epidemic typhus

R. Typhi

murine typhus

r. tsutsugamushi

scrub typhus

Adheres to epithelial cells, induces infection

lipoteichoic acid

Adheres to epithelial cells

protein f

Anti-phagocytic, mimics the protein of the heart valves; associated with strais that cause rheumatic fever

m protein

Spreading factor

hyaluronidase

Degrade DNA

DNAses

Converts plasminogen to plasmin

streptokinase

Responsible for red rash in scarlet fever

erythrogenic toxin

Based on neutralization of the hemolytic activity of Streptolysin O; positive result: No hemolysis

anti-streptolysin O titration test

Titer of ____ todd or below is considered normal;

166

Particle agglutination test in which erythrocytes are coated with a crude mixture of streptococcal antigens

multienzyme test/ streptozyme

streptococcal anti-dnase B determination

A susceptibility test for streptococcal infection

dick's test

A diagnostic test

schulyz charlton test

Test is performed on a strip of filter paper on which the brucella antigen has been printed as a black dot

surface fixation or castaneda strip test

In the absence of positive cultures, this is the most reliable indicator of brucella infection

agglutination

Most widely used method for detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae

enzyme immunoassay

Indirect immunofluorescence; detects IgM and IgG; observed under fluorescence microscope

IFA

Method of choice for H. Pylori ab detection

ELISA

Most common autoimmune disease

rheumatoid arthritis

100

Female to male ratio

2.5:1