health and nutrition

73問 • 1年前

問題一覧

It is a period of life with specific health and developmental needs and rights. It is the transitional stage from childhood to adulthood that occurs between ages __ and __

Adolescence stage, 13 and 24

These are the measurements used to express the energy delivered by food or a unit of measure for both the energy supplied by food and the energy used by the body.

Calories

The body demands more calories during ___ than at any other time of life.

early adolescence

How many calories does boys require per day?

2800 calories

How many calories does girls require per day?

2,200 calories

These are chemical substances that your body needs to build, repair, and maintain body tissues.

Nutrients in Food

They also regulate body processes and provide energy, measured in units called ___

Nutrients, calories

They are like the building blocks of our body; they help us grow, develop, and stay strong.

Proteins

They are vital nutrients that assist in building and repairing our muscles, bones, and other tissues.

Proteins

Proteins can be found in many delicious foods such as ____

meat, chicken, fish, eggs, legumes (like beans and lentils), and dairy products (like milk, cheese, and yogurt).

They are our main source of energy.

Carbohydrates

They are found in many foods we love, such as bread, pasta, cereals, and fruits.

Carbohydrates

They are found in many foods we love, such as bread, pasta, cereals, and fruits. When we eat these foods, our body breaks down carbohydrates into smaller sugars called ___

glucose

It is the form of energy that our cells can use.

Glucose

It should make up no more than 30% of the diet.

Fat

Fat should make up no more than __ of the diet.

30%

It supplies energy and assists the body in absorbing the fat-soluble vitamins: _,_,_, and _.

Fat, A D E K

Dietary Types/Fats

Monounsaturated fat, Polyunsaturated fat, Saturated fat

the healthiest kind; found in olives and olive oil; peanuts, peanut oil, and peanut butter; cashews; walnuts and walnut oil, and canola oil.

Monounsaturated fat

found in corn oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, and sesame-seed oil.

Polyunsaturated fat

It is the most cholesterol-laden of the three; found in meat and dairy products like beef, pork, lamb, butter, cheese, cream, egg yolks, coconut oil, and palm oil.

Saturated fat

It helps your body digest food and eliminate wastes.

water

It also regulates body temperature and cushions joints.

Water

It’s important to replace the water that your body loses through ___ and ___

perspiration and urination

Healthy eating percentage

40% fruits and vegetables, 25% proteins, 25% fibre-rich carbs, 10% fats

These are organic compounds typically produced by living organisms

Vitamins

These are inorganic compounds and not produced by living organisms.

Minerals

Vitamins are classified into two main categories

Fat soluble vitamins and Water soluble vitamins

Fat soluble vitamins

Vitamin A, D, K

Water soluble vitamins

C, B

It is important for vision, immune system, and skin health.

Vitamin A

If you have a deficiency in ___ , it can cause a condition called xerophthalmia.

Vitamin A

Helps with calcium absorption and bone health.

Vitamin D

low in ___ can cause decreased bone density and bone deformity, rickets in children, and osteomalacia in adults.

Vitamin D

It is essential for blood clotting and bone health.

Vitamin K

Deficiency in ___ can increase the risk for bleeding

Vitamin K

Acts as an antioxidant, supports the immune system, bone formation, wound healing, and aids in collagen production.

Vitamin C

Deficiency in ___ can cause scurvy

Vitamin C

This group includes B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B7 (biotin), B9 (folate), and B12 (cobalamin). They are involved in energy production, metabolism, and various bodily functions.

Vitamin B

Deficiency of ___ results in beriberi, pellagra, and pernicious anemia.

Vitamin B

So if you have a deficiency in vitamin A, it can cause a condition called ___

xerophthalmia

So low vitamin D can cause ________

decreased bone density and bone deformity, rickets in children, and osteomalacia in adults

Deficiency in vitamin K can ___

increase the risk for bleeding

Deficiency in vitamin C can cause __

scurvy

Deficiency of Vitamin B results in ___

beriberi, pellagra, and pernicious anemia.

Minerals are divided into two

Major minerals (macrominerals) and Trace minerals (microminerals)

Important for bone health, muscle contraction, and nerve transmission.

Calcium

Supports muscle and nerve function, energy production, and bone health.

Magnesium

Helps maintain fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve signals.

Potassium

Essential for fluid balance and nerve signaling

Sodium

Helps the body develop healthy bones and teeth. It also plays a role in the growth and repair of cells and tissues.

Phosphorus

These are the major minerals (macro minerals)

calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, phoshorus

Trace minerals (microminerals)

Iron and Iodine

Needed for oxygen transport, energy production, and immune function.

Iron

Crucial for thyroid hormone production.

Iodine

the process of taking in food and converting it into energy and other vital nutrients required for life.

Nutrition

An adequate, well-balanced diet combined with regular physical activity is a cornerstone of good health.

Good nutrition

It can lead to reduced immunity, increased susceptibility to disease, impaired physical and mental development, and reduced productivity.

Poor nutrition

Lack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat.

Malnutrition

Forms of malnutrition

Anemia, Kwashiorkor, Marasmus

It is caused by a lack of iron in the blood.

Anemia

Caused by a severe lack of protein.

Kwashiorkor

Caused by a lack of calories or inadequate intake of food.

Marasmus

Causes of malnutrition

1. Poverty and illiteracy 2. Overpopulation 3. Inefficient production of food within the families and among the various regions 4. Inadequate food availability at both household and farm levels 5. Lack of information on correct food habits and poor dietary practices 6. Infectious diseases

They are a range of psychological conditions that cause unhealthy eating habits to develop. They might start with an obsession with food, body weight, or body shape.

Eating disorders

6 common types of eating disorder

Anorexia Bulimia Nervosa Binge Eating Pica Rumination Disorder Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder

Causes of eating disorder

Genetics Personality traits Cultural ideals Brain biology

People with this disorder generally view themselves as overweight, even if they're dangerously underweight.

Anorexia

People with this disorder frequently eat unusually large amounts of food in a specific period of time.

Binge eating disorder

It is characterized by compulsively eat non food items with no nutritional value.

Pica

It is the effortless regurgitation of recently ingested food from the stomach back into the oral cavity in the absence of organic disease.

Rumination disorder

People who have this are extremely selective eaters and sometimes have little interest in eating food. They may eat a limited variety of preferred foods, which can lead to poor growth and poor nutrition.

Avoidant Restrictive Food intake disorder

People with this disorder eat large amounts of food at one time, then try to get rid of the food or weight gain by throwing up, taking laxatives, fasting (not eating anything), or exercising a lot more than normal.

Bulimia Nervosa

gen bio

Kristina Cassandra Racoma · 23問 · 1年前

gen bio