問題一覧
1
The recent monsoon rains have posted a nearly uniform rainfall intensity of 30 mm/hr over a 1,500-hectare watershed area in Central Luzon. If the runoff coefficient is 0.15, what is the runoff in m3/sec?
18.75
2
Ratio of the dry weight of soil particles to the weight of an equal volume of water
Real specific Density
3
A television network is planning to air four 30-minute sitcoms namely: “Mana-Mana”, “Okidoki”, “Tanging Ama” and “Home Along da Sea”. In how many ways can the network arrange these sitcoms in a 7-9 pm time slot if “Mana- Mana” should be aired third?
6
4
An artesian well has a diameter of 10 cm. Under steady state condition, what is the expected discharge (lps) if the drawdown is 2.5 m and the radius of influence is 120 m? The aquifer’s hydraulic conductivity and thickness are 75 m/day and 4 m, respectively.
7.01 lps
5
For rolling areas and non-uniform distribution of gages, distance factor fixed by location of gages is used for analysis using this method.
Inverse Distance Ratio Method
6
What is the soil erosion of 10 T/ha/yr in mm/yr? Assume that the soil bulk density is 1.2 T/m3.
0.83 mm/yr
7
Which among the elements is a major element for plant nutrition?
Nitrogen
8
The process of converting water and carbon dioxide into sugar using chlorophyll and light energy accompanied by the production of oxygen by green plants:
photosynthesis
9
An irrigation engineer, in his study, was able to establish that the irrigation requirement of crop XYZ is 6.5 10. mm/day. If the rootzone depth was estimated at 2 in. on the average, what should be the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver the 5-day requirement of a 10-ha farm in 24 hours?
37.62 lps
10
Total water yield from a storm for a given watershed.
Surface runoff
11
The gross application depth is 93mm to irrigate a crop with a crop coefficient of 0.9. The reference crop evapotranspiration is 6mm/day. If the application efficiency is 70%, the irrigation interval is.
12days
12
An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x 100m area. It was found out that the inflow rate is 0.5 lps per 100 m. If he decides to have a furrow spacing of 50 cm and an application depth of
100 mm, determine:
The total time to irrigating the whole field.
555.55 hrs
13
The time of irrigating each furrow.
2.78 hrs
14
This resembles terracing in that the drainage ditches are constructed around the slope on a uniform grade according to the land topography.
Interception or cross-slope system
15
It is the soil moisture allowable depletion of most crops.
50%
16
Given the following data:
Evapotranspiration =5m=5mm/day,
Percolation = 2mm/day,
Rainfall for November = 200 mm, Effective rainfall for Nov. = 50%, Soil Porosity = 60%,
Apparent Specific Gravity = 1.4, Residual Soil Moisture = 15%, Rootzone depth = 200mm, Application efficiency = 75%, Conveyance efficiency = 80%,
Ave. fraction of area covered = 0.5, Dependable flow = 4.5 m/sec, Duration of land soaking = 5 days
What is the net land soaking requirement?
15.6 mm/day
17
Wherein the surface is rarely wet since the water is supplied from the soil underneath
Sub-irrigation
18
An internal condition of a seed or bud that prevents its prompt germinating or sprouting under normal growth conditions:
dormancy
19
The process of moisture lost of plants through the leaves:
transpiration
20
A natural body composed of a variable mixture of broken and weathered minerals and decaying organic matter and when containing the proper amount of air and water, supplies sustenance and gives mechanical support of plants:
soil
21
A concrete lined canal is to convey water over a distance of 250 m from the well to a tomato farm. Drop in elevation is 0.5 m over the 250 m canal length and roughness coefficient, n, is 0.018. Estimate the bottom width of a rectangular canal with a depth of flowing water of 0.25 m if the hydraulic radius is equal to the area of flow.
b = 0.5 m
22
The velocity of water in the canal in Problem 21 is
0.62 m/sec
23
It involves controlled flooding from field ditches along the contour of the land, which allows the water to flood down the slope between field ditches without employing dikes or other means that guide or restrict its movement.
Contour-ditch irrigation
24
The volume of the soil sample during sampling was 85 cc and weight after drying in the area was 130g. The volume weight of the soil is
1.5 g/cc
25
The percentage of moisture by weight in Problem 24 if the weight of the sample before drying was 145 g.
11.5%
26
The amount of water in the soil layer of thickness 10 cm in Problem 24 is
1.8 cm
27
Similar to that of tertiary canals, the main systems (main and secondary canals) also incur losses termed as conveyance losses. Seepage and percolation losses and evaporation along the conveyance canals comprise the conveyance losses.
Irrigation Water Requirement (IWR)
28
The common name for Capra hircus:
goat
29
The discharge of first emitter in a dropper line is 12 lph. What is the allowable minimum discharge in the last emitter?
9.6 lph
30
The ability of the stream to provide water determines the extent of the total service area of a national irrigation system
Canal capacity
31
The common name for Anser domesticus:
goose
32
Includes evaporation and transpiration, lumped together as evapotranspiration.
Consumptive
33
What is the depth of flowing water in a trapezoidal canal with a side slope of 1:1 and base of 1.0 m if the stream velocity is 1 mps and the average discharge is 6 cms.
2.0 m
34
The ratio of the weight of water to the dry weight of the soil
dry weight basis
35
The soil has a field capacity and permanent wilting point of 27% and 13%, respectively. What is the readily available moisture in cm of water per cm of soil if the bulk density is 1.25 g/cc?
13.12 cm/m
36
Advanced stage of rill erosion. Rills when neglected develop in size and become gullies
Gully erosion
37
What discharge can be expected from an unconfined well 200 mm in diameter if the drawdown is 5 m in an aquifer saturated to a depth of 18 m? Assume the permeability and the radius of influence to be 20 m/day and 150 m, respectively.
15.4 lps
38
Used for flood forecasting and water quality studies; watershed response time
Time to peak
39
The hydraulic radius of a pipe with a diameter of 12 mm.
3 mm
40
This is suitable on flat, poorly drained soils that have numerous shallow depresssions.
Interception or cross-slope system
41
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
6.43
42
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What is the irrigation interval in days?
9
43
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
0.4
44
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What is the system capacity in lps?
39.87
45
Water is supplied to level plots surrounded by dikes or levees. This method is particularly useful on fine-textured soils with low permeability, it is necessary to hold the water on the surface to secure adequate penetration.
Level-border or basin irrigation
46
The most efficient trapezoidal cross section.
width of the bottom= twice the depth
47
Removal of water from the road area by the use of culverts, ditches, channels and other several structures
Drainage
48
The fraction of the irrigation water that must be leached through the root zone to control soil salinity at specified level.
Leaching Requirement (LR)
49
Water horsepower divided by pump efficiency, in decimal.
Brake horsepower
50
In an attempt to the groundwater flow of a certain farm, two parallel canals have to be constructed. It was observed that the impervious layer exist at a depth of 1.9 m below the soil surface and the soil has a k value of 1.2 m/day. If the water table has to be maintained at a depth of 0.8 m below the soil surface, what will be the spacing of the drain when the drain level is 1.5 m below the soil. Assume a steady recharge of 2 mm/day.
50.20 m
51
A discharge of 20 lps is equivalent to:
72 m3/hr
52
This involves the averaging arithmetically all the rainfall depths measured by the rain gages within the area
Arithmetic mean
53
Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 10 hrs of irrigation time. Determine the discharge to irrigate a hectare
300 m3/hr
54
Any open or close ground or surface for the passage of water.
Water way
55
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the bulk density in g/cc.
1.42
56
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the apparent specific gravity.
1.42
57
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the field capacity (dry basis).
23.94%
58
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the wilting point (dry basis).
12%
59
Combination of sheet and splash erosion
Interrill erosion
60
A crop has a depth of 0.6 m. F.C. and W.P. are 16% and 8%, respectively. Bulk density is 1.25 g/cc. The desired allowable soil moisture deficit is 60% of the allowable moisture and the average is 6 mm/day.
The depth of water to be stored in the rootzone per irrigation is:
0.036 m
61
A crop has a depth of 0.6 m. F.C. and W.P. are 16% and 8%, respectively. Bulk density is 1.25 g/cc. The desired allowable soil moisture deficit is 60% of the allowable moisture and the average is 6 mm/day.
The irrigation interval is:
6 days
62
Caused by high velocity winds moving over barren land surfaces.
Wind erosions
63
Soil productivity is the ability of the soil
all of the above
64
The percent N, P2O5 and K2O in a fertilizer
fertilizer grade
65
Which is not a single-element or straight fertilizer?
Ammonium phosphate
66
Given bed slope=0.0003; Manning’s coefficient, n=0.03; b/d ratio=3.5; wetted perimeter, p=14; z=0.5. The velocity of flow along a trapezoidal canal is:
0.89 m/s
67
Primarily caused by raindrop
Splash/Raindrop erosion
68
The thickness of a confined aquifer is 5 m, well diameter=40 cm, radius of influence=250 m, k=10 m/day, height of water in the pumping well=1,325 m, height of piezometric surface=1,500 m. The steady state discharge is:
0.089 m3/sec
69
Surface runoff plus interflow
Direct runoff
70
How many sprinklers with spacing of 7m x 7m are needed to irrigate a rectangular field of 150m x 200m if the laterals are set parallel to the larger side of the field:
588
71
The soil type largely influences the width of bed to be used. The furrows drain to collection ditches.
Bedding system
72
The scientific name for pigeon:
Columbia livia
73
If the theoretical flow of velocity in an orifice is 4 m/s, what is the height of water flowing above the center of the orifice?
0.8 m
74
The needed for water to infiltrate into the soil, depending on the depth of water and the soil.
Infiltration rate
75
Irrigation systems that have relatively large service areas and are managed by government agencies
National Irrigation Systems (NIS)
76
Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 8 hrs of irrigation time. Determine the discharge needed to irrigate a hectare of land:
375 m3/hr
77
The soil moisture content when plants permanently wilt. The soil moisture tension at this point is about 15 atmospheres. Permanent wilting percentage can be estimated by dividing the field capacity by a factor ranging from 2.0 top 2.4, with the value higher for soils with higher silt content.
Permanent wilting point (or wilting coefficient)
78
A flood flow of 560 m3/s was determined to have a 50% probability of occurrence. What is its return period?
2 years
79
Type of flow wherein the depth of flow in a prismatic channel is constant at any point in the channel
uniform flow
80
Urea is one of the many forms of commercial fertilizers with a typical grade of ______?
45-0-0
81
The study of soil which puts more emphasis on the origin, characteristics, classification and description:
Pedology
82
The unit of heredity, variation, sex determination and related phenomena:
gene
83
A farmer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x 100m area. His furrow spacing is 50 cm and the application depth is 100 mm. If the inflow rate is 0.4 lps/100m, determine the time of irrigating each furrow:
3.47 hrs
84
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
5.36
85
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What is the irrigation interval in days?
6
86
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
1.5
87
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What is the system capacity in lps?
1.56
88
Lands serviced by natural irrigation or irrigation facilities. These include land where water is not readily available as existing irrigation facilities need rehabilitation or upgrading or where irrigation water is not available year-round
Irrigators’ Association
89
This property of run-off is used for flood forecasting and water quality analysis. It is the time where the flood flow is highest.
Run-off time
90
A rectangular lined canal will be used to irrigate 60 has. If a Francis weir of 0.4m crest will be used to control the flow, what would be the depth of water over the crest in order to supply 2 lps/ha?
0.30 m
91
If the canal in the above condition is changed into a triangular canal, what would be the depth of water over the crest if a V-notch weir is used?
0.37 m
92
The ratio of water beneficially used on the project, farm or field to the amount of water delivered to the farm expressed in percent.
Water storage efficiency
93
A type of terrace usually used for 9-24% slope characterized by breaking the slope at certain intervals by a ridge and a flat portion to trap runoff.
Zingg terrace
94
The operating pressure of the sprinkler heads in a sprinkler irrigation system is 12.52 kg/cm2. What is the allowable pressure (kg/m2) variation between the first and the last sprinkler head in a lateral?
2.504
95
The ratio of the void volume to the total soil volume (unitless)
Porosity
96
Ratio of the bulk density of the soil with the density of water; it is the ratio of the weight of soil to the weight of water with volume equal to the total soil volume
Apparent specific gravity
97
A rectangular water tank, 2 meters high, is filled with water. Due to rust, a circular hole was made on lowest portion of one side of the tank. Considering that the tank is maintained full, what is the velocity of water right after its take-off from the hole?
6.26 m/s
98
If the speed of an irrigation centrifugal pump is increased by 30%, the power requirement is increased by:
2.197
99
Include seepage and percolation losses.
Non-consumtive
100
The rational method of determining runoff is applicable to.
Small watershed
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99問 • 10ヶ月前問題一覧
1
The recent monsoon rains have posted a nearly uniform rainfall intensity of 30 mm/hr over a 1,500-hectare watershed area in Central Luzon. If the runoff coefficient is 0.15, what is the runoff in m3/sec?
18.75
2
Ratio of the dry weight of soil particles to the weight of an equal volume of water
Real specific Density
3
A television network is planning to air four 30-minute sitcoms namely: “Mana-Mana”, “Okidoki”, “Tanging Ama” and “Home Along da Sea”. In how many ways can the network arrange these sitcoms in a 7-9 pm time slot if “Mana- Mana” should be aired third?
6
4
An artesian well has a diameter of 10 cm. Under steady state condition, what is the expected discharge (lps) if the drawdown is 2.5 m and the radius of influence is 120 m? The aquifer’s hydraulic conductivity and thickness are 75 m/day and 4 m, respectively.
7.01 lps
5
For rolling areas and non-uniform distribution of gages, distance factor fixed by location of gages is used for analysis using this method.
Inverse Distance Ratio Method
6
What is the soil erosion of 10 T/ha/yr in mm/yr? Assume that the soil bulk density is 1.2 T/m3.
0.83 mm/yr
7
Which among the elements is a major element for plant nutrition?
Nitrogen
8
The process of converting water and carbon dioxide into sugar using chlorophyll and light energy accompanied by the production of oxygen by green plants:
photosynthesis
9
An irrigation engineer, in his study, was able to establish that the irrigation requirement of crop XYZ is 6.5 10. mm/day. If the rootzone depth was estimated at 2 in. on the average, what should be the design discharge of a canal to be able to deliver the 5-day requirement of a 10-ha farm in 24 hours?
37.62 lps
10
Total water yield from a storm for a given watershed.
Surface runoff
11
The gross application depth is 93mm to irrigate a crop with a crop coefficient of 0.9. The reference crop evapotranspiration is 6mm/day. If the application efficiency is 70%, the irrigation interval is.
12days
12
An irrigation engineer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x 100m area. It was found out that the inflow rate is 0.5 lps per 100 m. If he decides to have a furrow spacing of 50 cm and an application depth of
100 mm, determine:
The total time to irrigating the whole field.
555.55 hrs
13
The time of irrigating each furrow.
2.78 hrs
14
This resembles terracing in that the drainage ditches are constructed around the slope on a uniform grade according to the land topography.
Interception or cross-slope system
15
It is the soil moisture allowable depletion of most crops.
50%
16
Given the following data:
Evapotranspiration =5m=5mm/day,
Percolation = 2mm/day,
Rainfall for November = 200 mm, Effective rainfall for Nov. = 50%, Soil Porosity = 60%,
Apparent Specific Gravity = 1.4, Residual Soil Moisture = 15%, Rootzone depth = 200mm, Application efficiency = 75%, Conveyance efficiency = 80%,
Ave. fraction of area covered = 0.5, Dependable flow = 4.5 m/sec, Duration of land soaking = 5 days
What is the net land soaking requirement?
15.6 mm/day
17
Wherein the surface is rarely wet since the water is supplied from the soil underneath
Sub-irrigation
18
An internal condition of a seed or bud that prevents its prompt germinating or sprouting under normal growth conditions:
dormancy
19
The process of moisture lost of plants through the leaves:
transpiration
20
A natural body composed of a variable mixture of broken and weathered minerals and decaying organic matter and when containing the proper amount of air and water, supplies sustenance and gives mechanical support of plants:
soil
21
A concrete lined canal is to convey water over a distance of 250 m from the well to a tomato farm. Drop in elevation is 0.5 m over the 250 m canal length and roughness coefficient, n, is 0.018. Estimate the bottom width of a rectangular canal with a depth of flowing water of 0.25 m if the hydraulic radius is equal to the area of flow.
b = 0.5 m
22
The velocity of water in the canal in Problem 21 is
0.62 m/sec
23
It involves controlled flooding from field ditches along the contour of the land, which allows the water to flood down the slope between field ditches without employing dikes or other means that guide or restrict its movement.
Contour-ditch irrigation
24
The volume of the soil sample during sampling was 85 cc and weight after drying in the area was 130g. The volume weight of the soil is
1.5 g/cc
25
The percentage of moisture by weight in Problem 24 if the weight of the sample before drying was 145 g.
11.5%
26
The amount of water in the soil layer of thickness 10 cm in Problem 24 is
1.8 cm
27
Similar to that of tertiary canals, the main systems (main and secondary canals) also incur losses termed as conveyance losses. Seepage and percolation losses and evaporation along the conveyance canals comprise the conveyance losses.
Irrigation Water Requirement (IWR)
28
The common name for Capra hircus:
goat
29
The discharge of first emitter in a dropper line is 12 lph. What is the allowable minimum discharge in the last emitter?
9.6 lph
30
The ability of the stream to provide water determines the extent of the total service area of a national irrigation system
Canal capacity
31
The common name for Anser domesticus:
goose
32
Includes evaporation and transpiration, lumped together as evapotranspiration.
Consumptive
33
What is the depth of flowing water in a trapezoidal canal with a side slope of 1:1 and base of 1.0 m if the stream velocity is 1 mps and the average discharge is 6 cms.
2.0 m
34
The ratio of the weight of water to the dry weight of the soil
dry weight basis
35
The soil has a field capacity and permanent wilting point of 27% and 13%, respectively. What is the readily available moisture in cm of water per cm of soil if the bulk density is 1.25 g/cc?
13.12 cm/m
36
Advanced stage of rill erosion. Rills when neglected develop in size and become gullies
Gully erosion
37
What discharge can be expected from an unconfined well 200 mm in diameter if the drawdown is 5 m in an aquifer saturated to a depth of 18 m? Assume the permeability and the radius of influence to be 20 m/day and 150 m, respectively.
15.4 lps
38
Used for flood forecasting and water quality studies; watershed response time
Time to peak
39
The hydraulic radius of a pipe with a diameter of 12 mm.
3 mm
40
This is suitable on flat, poorly drained soils that have numerous shallow depresssions.
Interception or cross-slope system
41
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
6.43
42
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What is the irrigation interval in days?
9
43
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
0.4
44
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 122m x 183m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 122 m
Spacing = 18.3 m
Sprinkler
spacing = 12.2 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Water holding capacity = 120 mm/m
Irrigation period = 12 hrs
Average rooting depth = 1.0 m
Application efficiency = 70%
Readily available moisture = 45%
What is the system capacity in lps?
39.87
45
Water is supplied to level plots surrounded by dikes or levees. This method is particularly useful on fine-textured soils with low permeability, it is necessary to hold the water on the surface to secure adequate penetration.
Level-border or basin irrigation
46
The most efficient trapezoidal cross section.
width of the bottom= twice the depth
47
Removal of water from the road area by the use of culverts, ditches, channels and other several structures
Drainage
48
The fraction of the irrigation water that must be leached through the root zone to control soil salinity at specified level.
Leaching Requirement (LR)
49
Water horsepower divided by pump efficiency, in decimal.
Brake horsepower
50
In an attempt to the groundwater flow of a certain farm, two parallel canals have to be constructed. It was observed that the impervious layer exist at a depth of 1.9 m below the soil surface and the soil has a k value of 1.2 m/day. If the water table has to be maintained at a depth of 0.8 m below the soil surface, what will be the spacing of the drain when the drain level is 1.5 m below the soil. Assume a steady recharge of 2 mm/day.
50.20 m
51
A discharge of 20 lps is equivalent to:
72 m3/hr
52
This involves the averaging arithmetically all the rainfall depths measured by the rain gages within the area
Arithmetic mean
53
Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 10 hrs of irrigation time. Determine the discharge to irrigate a hectare
300 m3/hr
54
Any open or close ground or surface for the passage of water.
Water way
55
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the bulk density in g/cc.
1.42
56
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the apparent specific gravity.
1.42
57
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the field capacity (dry basis).
23.94%
58
An undisturbed soil sample 100 cc was gathered from a field 2 days after heavy rains when the soil moisture was expected to be at field capacity. The weight of the fresh sample was 176 g but was reduced to 142 g after oven drying. A second soil sample with a fresh weight and oven dried weight of 130 g and 116 g, respectively, was gathered 3 weeks later when the crop was observed to have a permanently wilted.
Determine the wilting point (dry basis).
12%
59
Combination of sheet and splash erosion
Interrill erosion
60
A crop has a depth of 0.6 m. F.C. and W.P. are 16% and 8%, respectively. Bulk density is 1.25 g/cc. The desired allowable soil moisture deficit is 60% of the allowable moisture and the average is 6 mm/day.
The depth of water to be stored in the rootzone per irrigation is:
0.036 m
61
A crop has a depth of 0.6 m. F.C. and W.P. are 16% and 8%, respectively. Bulk density is 1.25 g/cc. The desired allowable soil moisture deficit is 60% of the allowable moisture and the average is 6 mm/day.
The irrigation interval is:
6 days
62
Caused by high velocity winds moving over barren land surfaces.
Wind erosions
63
Soil productivity is the ability of the soil
all of the above
64
The percent N, P2O5 and K2O in a fertilizer
fertilizer grade
65
Which is not a single-element or straight fertilizer?
Ammonium phosphate
66
Given bed slope=0.0003; Manning’s coefficient, n=0.03; b/d ratio=3.5; wetted perimeter, p=14; z=0.5. The velocity of flow along a trapezoidal canal is:
0.89 m/s
67
Primarily caused by raindrop
Splash/Raindrop erosion
68
The thickness of a confined aquifer is 5 m, well diameter=40 cm, radius of influence=250 m, k=10 m/day, height of water in the pumping well=1,325 m, height of piezometric surface=1,500 m. The steady state discharge is:
0.089 m3/sec
69
Surface runoff plus interflow
Direct runoff
70
How many sprinklers with spacing of 7m x 7m are needed to irrigate a rectangular field of 150m x 200m if the laterals are set parallel to the larger side of the field:
588
71
The soil type largely influences the width of bed to be used. The furrows drain to collection ditches.
Bedding system
72
The scientific name for pigeon:
Columbia livia
73
If the theoretical flow of velocity in an orifice is 4 m/s, what is the height of water flowing above the center of the orifice?
0.8 m
74
The needed for water to infiltrate into the soil, depending on the depth of water and the soil.
Infiltration rate
75
Irrigation systems that have relatively large service areas and are managed by government agencies
National Irrigation Systems (NIS)
76
Given an irrigation depth of 30 cm and 8 hrs of irrigation time. Determine the discharge needed to irrigate a hectare of land:
375 m3/hr
77
The soil moisture content when plants permanently wilt. The soil moisture tension at this point is about 15 atmospheres. Permanent wilting percentage can be estimated by dividing the field capacity by a factor ranging from 2.0 top 2.4, with the value higher for soils with higher silt content.
Permanent wilting point (or wilting coefficient)
78
A flood flow of 560 m3/s was determined to have a 50% probability of occurrence. What is its return period?
2 years
79
Type of flow wherein the depth of flow in a prismatic channel is constant at any point in the channel
uniform flow
80
Urea is one of the many forms of commercial fertilizers with a typical grade of ______?
45-0-0
81
The study of soil which puts more emphasis on the origin, characteristics, classification and description:
Pedology
82
The unit of heredity, variation, sex determination and related phenomena:
gene
83
A farmer is to irrigate a crop planted in furrows of 100m x 100m area. His furrow spacing is 50 cm and the application depth is 100 mm. If the inflow rate is 0.4 lps/100m, determine the time of irrigating each furrow:
3.47 hrs
84
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What would be the application rate in mm/hr?
5.36
85
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What is the irrigation interval in days?
6
86
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What is the sprinkler discharge in lps?
1.5
87
A developer decided to establish a golf driving range having a 150m x 100m area. If they decide to start irrigating the area using sprinklers under
the following conditions:
Length of lateral = 150 m
Lateral Spacing = 10.0 m
Sprinkler spacing along lateral = 10.0 m
Soil water holding capacity = 120 m/min
Average rooting depth = 0.5 m
Evapotranspiration = 6 mm/day
Readily available moisture = 50%
Irrigation period= 8 hrs.
Application efficiency = 70%
What is the system capacity in lps?
1.56
88
Lands serviced by natural irrigation or irrigation facilities. These include land where water is not readily available as existing irrigation facilities need rehabilitation or upgrading or where irrigation water is not available year-round
Irrigators’ Association
89
This property of run-off is used for flood forecasting and water quality analysis. It is the time where the flood flow is highest.
Run-off time
90
A rectangular lined canal will be used to irrigate 60 has. If a Francis weir of 0.4m crest will be used to control the flow, what would be the depth of water over the crest in order to supply 2 lps/ha?
0.30 m
91
If the canal in the above condition is changed into a triangular canal, what would be the depth of water over the crest if a V-notch weir is used?
0.37 m
92
The ratio of water beneficially used on the project, farm or field to the amount of water delivered to the farm expressed in percent.
Water storage efficiency
93
A type of terrace usually used for 9-24% slope characterized by breaking the slope at certain intervals by a ridge and a flat portion to trap runoff.
Zingg terrace
94
The operating pressure of the sprinkler heads in a sprinkler irrigation system is 12.52 kg/cm2. What is the allowable pressure (kg/m2) variation between the first and the last sprinkler head in a lateral?
2.504
95
The ratio of the void volume to the total soil volume (unitless)
Porosity
96
Ratio of the bulk density of the soil with the density of water; it is the ratio of the weight of soil to the weight of water with volume equal to the total soil volume
Apparent specific gravity
97
A rectangular water tank, 2 meters high, is filled with water. Due to rust, a circular hole was made on lowest portion of one side of the tank. Considering that the tank is maintained full, what is the velocity of water right after its take-off from the hole?
6.26 m/s
98
If the speed of an irrigation centrifugal pump is increased by 30%, the power requirement is increased by:
2.197
99
Include seepage and percolation losses.
Non-consumtive
100
The rational method of determining runoff is applicable to.
Small watershed