include servi of warrant of arrest implementation of search warrant enforcement of visitorial power of the chief Philippines national police and unit commander anti illegal drugs.

Law enforcement operation

Inclues counter insurgency operation counter terrorist operation.

Internal security operation

Includes checkpoint operation road block operation civil distirbance management operation police assistance in the enforcement of demolition evictions injunction and similar orders

special police operation

Include surveillance operation vounter intelligence intelligencr research intelligence assessment and similar police intelligence operation.

Intelligence operation

Include investigation of crime incident administrative I administrative inves and similar investigative works.

Investigation operation

Includes the processing of crime scence trchnical and forensic examination of evidence and similar scientific investigative assistance.

scene of the crime operation

Police operations like arrest, search and seizure, checkpoint, roadblocks, demolition and civil disturbance management shall be conducted as follows: a. With a marked police vehicle; b. Led by a Police Commissioned Officer (PCO); and c. With personnel in prescribed police uniform or attire.

Basic requirements

During actual police intervention operations, the Team Leader shall use peaceful means including the use of megaphones or any other similar instruments to warn or influence the offender/s or suspect/s to stop and/or peacefully give up.

Use of megaphones and similar instruments

The police shall not use warning shots during police intervention operations.

warning shot prohibited

The excessive use of force during police operation is prohibited. However, in the lawful performance of duty, a police officer may use necessary force to accomplish his mandated tasks of enforcing the law and maintaining peace and order

Use of excessive force prohibited

The police officer must first issue a verbal warning beforeThe police officer must first issue a verbal warning before he could use force against an offender. As far as practicable, the verbal warning shalf be in the dialect that is known shalf be in the dialect that is known to the offender or in the national language. Basically the verbal warning shall consist of the following: the police officer identifying himself; his intention; and what he wants the offender to do.

Issuance of verbal warning

The failure to issue a verbal warning is excusable in cases where threat to life or property is already imminent, and there is no other option but to use force to subdue the offender.

Non issuance of verbal warning when excusable

When suspect is violent or threatening, and that less physical measures have been tried and deemed inappropriate, a more extreme, but non-deadly measure can be used such as baton/truncheon, pepper spray, stun gun and other nonlethal weapon to bring the suspect under. control, or effect an arrest.

Use of non lethal weapon

During confrontation with an armed offender, only such necessary and reasonable force should be applied as would be sufficient to overcome the resistance put up by the offender; subdue the clear and imminent danger posed by him; or to justify the force/act under the principles of self defense, defense of relative, or defense of stranger.

application of necessary and reasonable force

A police officer, however, is not required to afford offender/s attacking him the opportunity for a fair or equal struggle. The reasonableness of the force employed will depend upon the number of aggressors, nature and characteristic of the weapon used, physical condition, size and other circumstances to include the place and occasion of the assault. The police officer is given the sound discretion to consider these factors in employing reasonable force.

factors to consider in the reasonableness of the force employed

The police officer who is in charge of the operation shall, at all times, exercise control over all police personnel in the area of operation, and shall exhaust all possible means to apply the necessary and reasonable force to protect lives and properties during armed confrontation.

Responsibility of the police officer in charge of the operation

The use of firearm is justified if the offender poses imminent danger of causing death or injury to the police officer or other persons. he use of hrearm is also justified under the doctrines of self-defense, defense of a relative, and defense of a stranger. However, one who resorts to self. defense must face a real threat on his life, and the peril sought to be avoided must be actual, imminent and real. Unlawful aggression should be present for self-defense to be considered as a justifying circumstance.

use of fiream when justified

A moving vehicle shall not be fired upon except when its occupants pose imminent danger of causing death or injury to the police officer or any other person, and that the use of frearm does not create a danger to the public and outweigh the likely benefits of its non-use.

fixing at moving vehicles prohibited but with exception

In firing at a moving vehicle, the following parameters should be considered: The intent of the suspect/s to harm the police officer of other persons; b. The capability of the suspect/s to harm with certainty the police officer or other persons, and c. Accessibility or the proximity of the suspect/s from the police officer and other persons.

parameters to be considered in fireing at moving vehicle

A police officer who fires his service firearm or weapon during a confrontation with an offender or offenders must submit an incident report outlining the circumstances necessitating the use of his firearm.

filing an incident report after the use of firearm

Immediately after an armed confrontation, the officer who is in charge of the operation shall: a, Secure the site of confrontation; - scut me sit paka moy ncan b. Take photographs; • Tigh cidere purpose. c. Check whether the situation still poses imminent danger; d. Evacuate the wounded to the nearest hospital; › poke N4 popun e. Ensure that all persons who died on the spot are not moved from their original position; f. Arrested suspects should be kept in isolation; g: Conduct debriefing on all involved PNP operatives; h. Submit After-Operations Report; and i Ensure psychological stress counselling for all involved PNP operatives.

procedure after an armed confrontation

The police officer may top on individual for the purpose of conducting a spot check accosting only when reasonable suspicion exists. Reasonable suspicion must be more than just a hunch or feeling. In justifying the stop, the police officer must be able to point to specific facts that, when taken together with rational inferences, reasonably warrant the stop. Such facts include, but are not limited to, the following: a. The appearance or demeanor of the individual suggests that he is part of a criminal enterprise or is engaged in a criminal act; a. The actions of the individual suggest that he is engaged in a criminal activity; b. Questionable presence of the individual in the area; C. The subject is carrying a suspicious object; d. The suspect's clothing bulges in a manner that suggests he is carrying a weapon; e. The suspect has been found in the time and place proximate to an alleged crime; f. The police officer has knowledge of the suspect's prior criminal record or involvement in criminal activity; and 9. The individual flees at the sight of a police officer.

Spot check accosting

A police officer has the right to perform a pat-down search if the individual has been legitimately stopped with reasonable suspicion and when the police officer has reason to believe that the individual possesses weapon/s on his person and poses a threat to the police officer's or another person's safety. Circumstances which may justify pat-down search: a. The type of crime believed to be committed by the subject, particularly crimes of violence where the threat of use or use of deadly weapon is involved; b. Where the police officer handles several suspects; . The time of the day and the location where the patdown

body frisk pat down search