Chemistry midterm
問題一覧
1
______The amount of force exerted per unit area
pressure
2
The old air pump in the gasoline stations used the unit _______
pounds per square inch
3
Later on, the new air pumps used____
kilopascal
4
In chemistry, a widely used unit for pressure is the_____
atmosphere
5
Another old and popular unit for pressure is the______
torr
6
the other parameters (or variables) used to describe
gases are ______ and ______
volume, temperature
7
______is a law about ideal gases. In
other words, the volume of a constant mass of ideal gas at a constant temperature is inversely
proportional to the pressure applied on it.
boyle's law
8
______‘The volume of a given amount of gas is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure.’
charle's law
9
Highlight that _________ is valid only if the amount of the gas and the pressure is constant.
Also, point out that the temperature should be expressed in the unit Kelvin (K).
charle's law
10
______a statement that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of
different gases contain an equal number of molecules.
avogadro's law
11
_______This empirical relation can be derived from the kinetic theory of gases under the assumption of a perfect
(ideal) gas.
avogadro's law
12
_____states that the pressure, temperature, and volume of gas are related to each other.
ideal gas law
13
______also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas
ideal gas law
14
_____combines the three gas laws: Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Gay-
Lussac's Law.
combined gas law
15
_____It states that the ratio of the product of pressure and volume and the absolute
temperature of a gas is equal to a constant. ... The constant k is a true constant if the number of
moles of the gas doesn't change.
combined gas law
16
______states that the pressure of a given
mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas, when the volume is kept
constant.
gay lussac's law
17
______states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of
the partial pressures of its components:
dalton's law of partial pressure
18
____is the gradual mixing of gases due to the motion of their component particles even in the
absence of mechanical agitation such as stirring.
diffusion
19
____The rate of effusion of a gaseous substance is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
graham's law of diffusion
20
______uses complex shapes of orbitals (sometimes
called electron clouds), volumes of space in which there is likely to be an electron. So, this
model is based on probability rather than certainty.
the quantum mechanical model
21
______proposed the quantum mechanical model of the atom, which treats electrons as
matter waves
erwin schrodinger
22
_____is a current theory describing the locations of electrons in orbit
around the nucleus of an atom.
the wave mechanical model
23
_______used the wave-particle duality of the
electron to develop and solve a complex mathematical equation that accurately described the
behavior of the electron in a hydrogen atom.
erwin schrodinger
24
The quantum mechanical model is a radical departure from that. Solutions
to the Schrödinger wave equation, called______
wave functions
25
The location of the electrons in the quantum mechanical model of the atom is often referred to as
an ______
electron cloud
26
This is called an _______ , the three-
dimensional region of space that indicates where there is a high probability of finding an electron
orbital
27
_______‘’Says that for electrons of the same energy, you put one electron in each orbital first before
doubling them up.’’
hund's rule
28
______&& shows how the electrons of an atom
are distributed among the atomic orbitals.
electron configuration
29
______The electronic configuration representing the outermost subshells.
valence configuration
30
______The number of electrons in the outermost subshells.
valence electrons
31
______is a chart in which elements having similar chemical and physical properties
are grouped together.
periodic table
32
The rows in the periodic table are called ____
periods
33
The vertical columns in the periodic table are called______
groups or families
34
how many elements are in the periodic table?
118
35
_____are good
conductors of electricity.
metals
36
the_____have properties that are intermediate between metals
and nonmetals.
metalloids
37
In the formation of anions, electrons are
added to the highest partially filled n shell so that they become ___________ (same number of
electrons) with the noble gas.
isoelectronic
38
_______is one-half the distance between two
identical atoms joined together by a single bond.
the covalent radius
39
______It is one-half the distance between the nuclei of the
two atoms in contact in the crystalline solid metal.
the metallic radius
40
______are very difficult to measure with certainty
because they are affected by their immediate
environment.
ionic radius
41
_____are smaller than the atoms from which they are
formed.
cations
42
______is defined as the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom (in the gaseous phase) when
an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. In other words, the neutral atom's likelihood of gaining
an electron.
electron affinity
43
______is a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between
oppositely charged ions, and is the primary interaction occurring in ionic compounds.
ionic bonding
44
According to ______ , atoms combine in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration.
And this maximum stability is attained when an atom is isoelectronic with a noble gas.
lewis
45
______states that when atoms of elements combine to form compounds, they tend to
lose, gain, or share electrons to achieve the same electron arrangement as the noble gas
nearest them in the periodic table.
the octet rule
46
The ________ consists of the symbol of an element and one dot for each valence
electron in an atom of the element
lewis dot symbol
47
The ________ of an atom may be defined as the negative of the energy change that
occurs when a gaseous atom accepts an electron, or the ionization energy of a negative ion
electron affinity
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47問 • 2年前問題一覧
1
______The amount of force exerted per unit area
pressure
2
The old air pump in the gasoline stations used the unit _______
pounds per square inch
3
Later on, the new air pumps used____
kilopascal
4
In chemistry, a widely used unit for pressure is the_____
atmosphere
5
Another old and popular unit for pressure is the______
torr
6
the other parameters (or variables) used to describe
gases are ______ and ______
volume, temperature
7
______is a law about ideal gases. In
other words, the volume of a constant mass of ideal gas at a constant temperature is inversely
proportional to the pressure applied on it.
boyle's law
8
______‘The volume of a given amount of gas is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature at constant pressure.’
charle's law
9
Highlight that _________ is valid only if the amount of the gas and the pressure is constant.
Also, point out that the temperature should be expressed in the unit Kelvin (K).
charle's law
10
______a statement that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of
different gases contain an equal number of molecules.
avogadro's law
11
_______This empirical relation can be derived from the kinetic theory of gases under the assumption of a perfect
(ideal) gas.
avogadro's law
12
_____states that the pressure, temperature, and volume of gas are related to each other.
ideal gas law
13
______also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas
ideal gas law
14
_____combines the three gas laws: Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Gay-
Lussac's Law.
combined gas law
15
_____It states that the ratio of the product of pressure and volume and the absolute
temperature of a gas is equal to a constant. ... The constant k is a true constant if the number of
moles of the gas doesn't change.
combined gas law
16
______states that the pressure of a given
mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas, when the volume is kept
constant.
gay lussac's law
17
______states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of
the partial pressures of its components:
dalton's law of partial pressure
18
____is the gradual mixing of gases due to the motion of their component particles even in the
absence of mechanical agitation such as stirring.
diffusion
19
____The rate of effusion of a gaseous substance is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass.
graham's law of diffusion
20
______uses complex shapes of orbitals (sometimes
called electron clouds), volumes of space in which there is likely to be an electron. So, this
model is based on probability rather than certainty.
the quantum mechanical model
21
______proposed the quantum mechanical model of the atom, which treats electrons as
matter waves
erwin schrodinger
22
_____is a current theory describing the locations of electrons in orbit
around the nucleus of an atom.
the wave mechanical model
23
_______used the wave-particle duality of the
electron to develop and solve a complex mathematical equation that accurately described the
behavior of the electron in a hydrogen atom.
erwin schrodinger
24
The quantum mechanical model is a radical departure from that. Solutions
to the Schrödinger wave equation, called______
wave functions
25
The location of the electrons in the quantum mechanical model of the atom is often referred to as
an ______
electron cloud
26
This is called an _______ , the three-
dimensional region of space that indicates where there is a high probability of finding an electron
orbital
27
_______‘’Says that for electrons of the same energy, you put one electron in each orbital first before
doubling them up.’’
hund's rule
28
______&& shows how the electrons of an atom
are distributed among the atomic orbitals.
electron configuration
29
______The electronic configuration representing the outermost subshells.
valence configuration
30
______The number of electrons in the outermost subshells.
valence electrons
31
______is a chart in which elements having similar chemical and physical properties
are grouped together.
periodic table
32
The rows in the periodic table are called ____
periods
33
The vertical columns in the periodic table are called______
groups or families
34
how many elements are in the periodic table?
118
35
_____are good
conductors of electricity.
metals
36
the_____have properties that are intermediate between metals
and nonmetals.
metalloids
37
In the formation of anions, electrons are
added to the highest partially filled n shell so that they become ___________ (same number of
electrons) with the noble gas.
isoelectronic
38
_______is one-half the distance between two
identical atoms joined together by a single bond.
the covalent radius
39
______It is one-half the distance between the nuclei of the
two atoms in contact in the crystalline solid metal.
the metallic radius
40
______are very difficult to measure with certainty
because they are affected by their immediate
environment.
ionic radius
41
_____are smaller than the atoms from which they are
formed.
cations
42
______is defined as the change in energy (in kJ/mole) of a neutral atom (in the gaseous phase) when
an electron is added to the atom to form a negative ion. In other words, the neutral atom's likelihood of gaining
an electron.
electron affinity
43
______is a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between
oppositely charged ions, and is the primary interaction occurring in ionic compounds.
ionic bonding
44
According to ______ , atoms combine in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration.
And this maximum stability is attained when an atom is isoelectronic with a noble gas.
lewis
45
______states that when atoms of elements combine to form compounds, they tend to
lose, gain, or share electrons to achieve the same electron arrangement as the noble gas
nearest them in the periodic table.
the octet rule
46
The ________ consists of the symbol of an element and one dot for each valence
electron in an atom of the element
lewis dot symbol
47
The ________ of an atom may be defined as the negative of the energy change that
occurs when a gaseous atom accepts an electron, or the ionization energy of a negative ion
electron affinity