clinical path 1
問題一覧
1
Which of the following statements is true?
Type A cats have weak anti-B antibodies.
2
What is the correct term for the inability of lymphocytes to respond when encountering self-antigens?
Anergy
3
What is the end result of complement being activated by antibodies?
Antigenic cell lysis
4
What percent of dogs are positive for DEA 1?
50%
5
Which immune system is divided into two components and is responsive to foreign bodies?
Adaptive immune system
6
What is the most likely outcome if a DEA 1-negative dog previously received a transfusion with DEA 1-positive blood and now receives a second transfusion with DEA 1-positive blood?
A severe reaction can occur in less than 1 hour after the second transfusion.
7
What is another name for a group of proteins found in the blood that are integral in both the innate and adaptive immunity systems?
Complement system
8
Why is it that the first transfusion of DEA 1-positive blood may not lead to an immediate reaction in the animal?
Anti-DEA 1 antibodies are not known to exist.
9
Which cell type activates phagocytes by releasing interferon-y?
Natural killers
10
Which immunoglobulin is responsible for mucosal immunity?
IgA
11
What is the result of antigens binding with antibodies and forming insoluble complexes?
Precipitation
12
Which type of cell responds fastest to a second exposure of a specific antigen?
Memory B cells
13
What is released from helper T cells and activates B cells?
Cytokines
14
Which reaction grade is recorded for a cross-match result with evidence of a solid aggregate of cells?
4
15
Which test identifies the RNA of viruses?.
Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
16
Which reaction grade is recorded for a cross-match result with evidence of many small agglutinates and some free cells?
1
17
Which cell type changes to macrophages as it migrates to various tissues and organs and when it interacts with cytokines?
Monocytes
18
What is the most likely result if a blood Type B cat receives a blood transfusion with Type A blood?
Severe reaction and death
19
Which cell type is responsible for the adaptive immune system?
Lymphocytes
20
Which is the best test to detect immune-mediated hemolytic disease?
Coombs test
21
Which type of immunity is generated by vaccines?
Active
22
What happens if an animal is given a mismatched transfusion?
Antibodies form against the RBC antigens from the transfused sample.
23
Which immunoglobulin can lead to immediate hypersensitivity reactions such as anaphylactic shock?
IgE
24
What term refers to the structures on the outer surface of animal erythrocytes that may react with the antibodies in the plasma of another animal?
Blood group antigens
25
What is another term for the natural occurring erythrocyte antibodies?
Alloantibodies
26
What is the end result of complement being activated by antibodies?
Antigenic cell lysis
27
Which type of immunity results when preformed antibodies are administered to a patient?
Passive immunity
28
Which immunoglobulins' only function is to activate the complement system?
IgM
29
In which test is a sample added to a test slide that has been coated with fluorescent dye-conjugated antigens and then examined with a special microscope?
Direct fluorescent antibody testing
問題一覧
1
Which of the following statements is true?
Type A cats have weak anti-B antibodies.
2
What is the correct term for the inability of lymphocytes to respond when encountering self-antigens?
Anergy
3
What is the end result of complement being activated by antibodies?
Antigenic cell lysis
4
What percent of dogs are positive for DEA 1?
50%
5
Which immune system is divided into two components and is responsive to foreign bodies?
Adaptive immune system
6
What is the most likely outcome if a DEA 1-negative dog previously received a transfusion with DEA 1-positive blood and now receives a second transfusion with DEA 1-positive blood?
A severe reaction can occur in less than 1 hour after the second transfusion.
7
What is another name for a group of proteins found in the blood that are integral in both the innate and adaptive immunity systems?
Complement system
8
Why is it that the first transfusion of DEA 1-positive blood may not lead to an immediate reaction in the animal?
Anti-DEA 1 antibodies are not known to exist.
9
Which cell type activates phagocytes by releasing interferon-y?
Natural killers
10
Which immunoglobulin is responsible for mucosal immunity?
IgA
11
What is the result of antigens binding with antibodies and forming insoluble complexes?
Precipitation
12
Which type of cell responds fastest to a second exposure of a specific antigen?
Memory B cells
13
What is released from helper T cells and activates B cells?
Cytokines
14
Which reaction grade is recorded for a cross-match result with evidence of a solid aggregate of cells?
4
15
Which test identifies the RNA of viruses?.
Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
16
Which reaction grade is recorded for a cross-match result with evidence of many small agglutinates and some free cells?
1
17
Which cell type changes to macrophages as it migrates to various tissues and organs and when it interacts with cytokines?
Monocytes
18
What is the most likely result if a blood Type B cat receives a blood transfusion with Type A blood?
Severe reaction and death
19
Which cell type is responsible for the adaptive immune system?
Lymphocytes
20
Which is the best test to detect immune-mediated hemolytic disease?
Coombs test
21
Which type of immunity is generated by vaccines?
Active
22
What happens if an animal is given a mismatched transfusion?
Antibodies form against the RBC antigens from the transfused sample.
23
Which immunoglobulin can lead to immediate hypersensitivity reactions such as anaphylactic shock?
IgE
24
What term refers to the structures on the outer surface of animal erythrocytes that may react with the antibodies in the plasma of another animal?
Blood group antigens
25
What is another term for the natural occurring erythrocyte antibodies?
Alloantibodies
26
What is the end result of complement being activated by antibodies?
Antigenic cell lysis
27
Which type of immunity results when preformed antibodies are administered to a patient?
Passive immunity
28
Which immunoglobulins' only function is to activate the complement system?
IgM
29
In which test is a sample added to a test slide that has been coated with fluorescent dye-conjugated antigens and then examined with a special microscope?
Direct fluorescent antibody testing