BSD CHAPTER 5

通報

問題一覧

What is the first program of work to be considered in construction?

Master Format

Earthworks

Excavation, Backfill, Earthfill

is the process of moving things like earth, rock, or other materials with tools, equipment, or explosives. ... In construction, excavation is used to create building foundations, reservoirs, and roads.

Excavation

is defined as to return soil and other materials to a hole after it was dug

backfill

means an excavated or otherwise disturbed suitable soil which is imported and placed over the native soil

Earthfill

What are the 3 key factors to be considered in quantity surveying?What are the 3 key factors to be considered in quantity surveying?

Materials, Equipment, Labor

Division 2

Siteworks

AASHTO

American Association Of State Highways and Transportation Officials

ANSI

American National Standard Institute

ASTM

American Society For Testing And Materials

DPWH

Department Of Public Works And Highways

USCS

Unified Soil Classification System

above 75mm

Boulders

75 to No.10 sieve

Gravel

No.10 to No.40 sieve

Coarse Sand

No.40 to 200 sieve

Fine Sand

passing No.200 sieve

Silt-Clay Particles

Filling Materials

Soil, Sand, Crushed Stones

used to raise an existing grade, or as a man- made-deposit; generally used under footings, pavers, or concrete slabs on grade

Earthfill

used to prevent the movement of fine particles out of soils and other natural materials through which seepage occurs; conforming to ASTM C 33, size 67.

Granular Fill/Filters

term used in construction for a hole, pit or excavation that has been dug for the purposes of removing gravel, clay and sand used in a construction project such as when building an overpass or embankment. selected laboratory-approved pit-run gravel, disintegrated granite, sand, shale, cinders or other similar materials with not more than 35% fraction passing the No. 200 sieve.

Borrow Fill

hard durable fragments of stone and a filler of sand or other finely divided mineral matter, free from vegetable matter and lumps of clay, complying with the following AASHTO METHODS T-11 and T-26 Grading Requirements:hard durable fragments of stone and a filler of sand or other finely divided mineral matter, free from vegetable matter and lumps of clay, complying with the following AASHTO METHODS T-11 and T-26 Grading Requirements:

Base Course Materials

Local Borrow Fill Materials

BANDA Y BANDA,ESCOMBRO P5,000per1516cum, ESCOMBRO – BULIK (for Riprap)

Construction materials consisting of synthetic components made for use with or within earth materials generally are referred to as geosynthetics.

Geosynthetics

Geosynthetics can be further categorized into the following components:

Geotextile, geomembrane, geocomposite, geonets, geocells

are the most common geosynthetics, and consist of woven or nonwoven fabric made from polymeric materials such as polyester or polypropylene generally used for reinforcement, separation, filtration, and in-plane drainage.

Geotextile

are continuous polymeric sheets that are impermeable.

Geomembrane

consist of a combination of geosynthetic components; are usually sheet or edge drains consisting of a prefabricated core to which a geotextile filter is bonded.

Geocomposites

is a type of geosynthetic that consists of a continuous extrusion of polymeric ribs that form void space through which provide in- plane flow capacity. Geonets are available with or without bonded geotextile filters. Geonets with bonded geotextile filters are sometimes referred to as composite drainage nets (CDNs).

Geonets

are three-dimensional prefabricated polymeric systems ranging from 100 to 200 mm (4 to 8 inches) high. The geocell systems are collapsed for delivery to the site. Upon arrival at a site, they are spread open and filled to form a three- dimensional reinforced mattress.

Geocells

❑ Termite Resistant Sand ❑ Termite Mesh ❑ Home Construction (elevated/on pillars)❑ Termite Resistant Sand ❑ Termite Mesh ❑ Home Construction (elevated/on pillars)

Physical Barrier

Soil Poisoning ❑ Chemical Treatment (Solignum/others)

Chemical Barrier

The objective of this method is to attract the termite workers to forage on a slow- acting insect-growth regulator (IGR) called hexaflumuron that will work to eliminate the termite workers population and eventually result in the death of the queen and any subsequent future queens, and therefore the entire colony. ❑ Pest Control

Colony Elimination Bait System

is a filter layer of finer material that is installed over a coarse road base material. The purpose of the choker course is to provide a stable foundation of fine-grained aggregate for the construction of a pavement.is a filter layer of finer material that is installed over a coarse road base material. The purpose of the choker course is to provide a stable foundation of fine-grained aggregate for the construction of a pavement.

Choker Aggregate

what is this?

Borrow Material

Base Course Material

paving for roads and other surfaces formed by grading and compacting layers of crushed stone or gravel, then the top layer is bound by asphalt to stabilize the stone, provide a smoother surface, and seal against water penetration.

Asphaltic Macadam

when one or more courses or layers of asphalt an asphalt leveling course made of an asphalt and aggregate mixture of variable thickness to correct the contour of existing surface, are placed on existing pavement.

Asphaltic Overlay

Crawler Excavator

Dragline Excavator

Skid Steer

Long Reach

Backhoe Excavator

Power Shovel

Crawler Bulldozer

For digging, material handling & drillingFor digging, material handling & drilling

Excavator Group

Land clearing, earthmoving & road building

Bulldozer Group

Shiphold Bulldozer

Wheel Bulldozer

Mulcher Bulldozer

Mini Bulldozer

Hybrid Bulldozer

Creating flat surfaces and road building

Grader Group

Parts Of A Motor Grader

Frame, Operators Cab, Prime Mover, Moldboard, Scarifier

Moving & lifting materials

Crane/Telehandlers Group

Mobile Crane w/ Boom

Forklift

Tower Crane (Hammerhead)

Mobile Crane

Moving sand, gravel, soil & other demolition waste

Dumbtruck Group

The Usual 3-Cubic Truck(Canter)

10 Cubic Truck

Creating a level grade, compacting crushed rocks

Compactor Group

Plate Compactor

Double Drum Roller Compactor

has its beginning in 1824

Concrete

took out a patent in England called the Portland Cement (the cement being similar in color to Portland stone, popular in England at the time).

Joseph Aspdin

It became widely used in Europe during the late

1800's

is typically made with portland cement, a mixture of silica sand, limestone, clay, chalk and other ingredients melted together at blistering temperatures. In concrete, this paste binds 'aggregate' - chunks of rock and sand.

Modern Concrete

Theirs was created with volcanic ash, lime and seawater, taking advantage of a chemical reaction Romans may have observed in naturally cemented volcanic ash deposits called tuff rocks.Theirs was created with volcanic ash, lime and seawater, taking advantage of a chemical reaction Romans may have observed in naturally cemented volcanic ash deposits called tuff rocks.

Roman Concrete

is a binding agent that can be used to stick various building materials together.

Cement

a stonelike material obtained by permitting a carefully proportioned mixture of CEMENT, GRAVEL, SAND OR OTHER INERT MATERIALS AND WATER are used to harden in forms of the shape and dimension of the desired structures

Concrete

istheamountofwaterused per bag of cement.

Water-Cement Ratio

An artificial stone as a result of mixing cement, fine aggregates, course aggregates and water

Plain Concrete

Types Of Concretes

G1, S1, Mix,3/4,3/8

are made by treating molten blast furnace slag with controlled quantities of water or steam.

Expanded Slags (foam slags)

hasbeen usedfor precast blocks,cast-in-placewallsofhousesandforpanelfillingofsteel- framed buildings.

Foamed Slags

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