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NCM 114 Care of the older person (Module 1)
63問 • 6ヶ月前
  • Jenalou Cruz
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    Is a developmental process, is a natural process. Constantly and continousky, every cell and of every organism age

    Aging

  • 2

    Is a continuum of event that occur from cenotion to death. It is a process of becoming older

    Aging

  • 3

    Development principles

    Development is lifelong, Development depends on history and context, Development is multidimensional and multidirectional and involves a balance of growth and decline, Development is plastic rather than rigid

  • 4

    It were a pathologic experience, witnesses by comments that associate with aging with

    looking gray and wrinkled, losing one’s mind, becoming sick and frail, obtaining little satisfaction from life, returning to childlike behavior, being useless

  • 5

    Negative attitueda towarda aging and older adults

    Ageism

  • 6

    Type of aging

    Chronological age, Biological age, Psychological age, Social age

  • 7

    Measured by the number of years lived

    Chronological age

  • 8

    Predicted by the person’s physical condition and how well vital organ system ate functioning

    Biological age

  • 9

    Expressed through a person’s ability and control of memory learning capacity, skills, emotions and judgement

    Psychological age

  • 10

    Measured by age-grades behavior that conform to an expected status and role within a culture or society

    Social age

  • 11

    Subset of elderly

    .

  • 12

    Is the study of aging and the aged

    Gerontology

  • 13

    Medical care of the aged

    Geriatrics

  • 14

    Focuses on social aspects of aging

    Social gerontology

  • 15

    Seeks to address the concerns of older adults

    Geropsychology

  • 16

    Study of pharmacology in relation to adults

    Geropharmacology

  • 17

    Combines knowledge of financial planning and services with special expertise in the needs of older radults

    Financial gerontology

  • 18

    Combines expertise in gerontological nursing with rehabilitation concepts and practice

    Gerontological rehabilitiation nursing

  • 19

    Nurses advocating for the health of the older persons at all levels of prevention

    Gerontological nursing

  • 20

    Family compositions

    .

  • 21

    One can identify family members by looking for those individuals who fulfill family functions

    Identifications of family members

  • 22

    In aging families, family functions are somewhat modified to address the special needs of the elderley and focus on the following

    .

  • 23

    Family members assume certain roles as a result of their socialization process and family needs and expectations

    Family roles

  • 24

    Family roles are?

    Decision maker, Caregiver, Deviant, Dependent, Victim

  • 25

    The person who is granted or asune responsibility for making important decisions or is called on in time crisis

    Decision maker

  • 26

    The person who provides direct services, look after and assista with personal care and home management

    Caregiver

  • 27

    The “problem child” who has strayed from family norma, Maybe used to fulfill family need for scapegoat or provide sense of purpose for family members who compensate for the individual

    Deviant

  • 28

    A person who deenda on other family members for economic or caregiving assitance

    Dependent

  • 29

    A person who forfeits his or her legitimate rights and maybe physically, socially, economically abused by the family

    Victim

  • 30

    Primarily provided by the adult children of the older person

    Family caregiving

  • 31

    Types and levels of family caregiving

    Routine care, Back-up Care, Circumscribed care, Sporadic care, Dissociation care

  • 32

    Regular assistance to recognized that is incorporated into the family routine of the caregiver

    Routine care

  • 33

    Assistance with routine activities that is provided only at the request of the main caregiver

    Back up care

  • 34

    Participation that is provided on a regular basis within boundaries set by the caregiver

    Circumscribed care

  • 35

    Irregular participation at the caregiver’s convenience

    Sporadic care

  • 36

    Potential caregiver does not participate at all in care

    Dissociation

  • 37

    Dynamics among family memvers can have positive or negative effects on the elderly

    Family dynamics

  • 38

    Theories of aging and nursing implications

    Error theory, Free radical theory, Cross-linkage theory, Wear and tear theory, Programmed theory, Immunity theory, Disengagment theory, Active/development task theory, Continuity theory, Age stratification theory, Person- Environment theory

  • 39

    What theories belong to Stochastic theories (Biologic theories)

    Error theory, Free radical theory, Cross-linkage theory, Wear and tear theory

  • 40

    Concerned with answering basic questions regarding physiologic process that occur in all living organism in time

    Biologic theories

  • 41

    View as aging as certain predetermined, timed, phenomena.

    Nostochastic theories

  • 42

    What are belong to Nostochastic theories

    Programmed theory, Immunity theory

  • 43

    Explain aging as events that occur randomly and accumulate over time

    Stochastic theories

  • 44

    Aging and disease do nit go necessarily hand in hand and the nurse caring for older adults needs to have clear understanding of the difference between age related changes and thise may actually be pathologic

    Nursing implication

  • 45

    Focus on roles and relationships within which individuals engage in later life

    Sociologic theories

  • 46

    What are theories that belong to sociologic theories

    Disengagement theory, Active/Development task theory, Continuity theory, Age stratification theory, Person- Environment theory

  • 47

    Influenced by both biology and sociology, address how a person responds to the task of his/her age

    Psychologic theories

  • 48

    The error theory is based on the idea that errors can occur in the transcription of synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). These errors are perpetuated and eventually lead to systems that do not function at the optimal level

    Error theory

  • 49

    Are by products of metabolism. When this byproduct accumulated, they damage the cell membrane, which decreases its efficiency. The body produces antioxidants that scavenge the free radicals

    Free radical theory

  • 50

    With age, according to this theory, some proteins in the body becom cross-linked. This does not allow for normal metabolic activities and wastes products accumulate in the cells. The result is that tissues do not function at optimal efficiency

    Cross-Linkage theory

  • 51

    Equated humans with machines. It hypothesis the aging is the result of continuous use of the body overtime

    Wear and tear theory

  • 52

    Normal cells divide a limited number of times and that life expectancy is preprogrammed

    Programmed theory

  • 53

    Changes occur in the immune system specifically in T lymphocytes. These changes leavr the individual more vulnerable to the disease

    Immunity theory

  • 54

    As individual age, they withdraw from society and society encourages withdrawal

    Disengagement theory

  • 55

    Individual need to remain active to age successfully.

    Active/ Development task theory

  • 56

    Individuals will respond to aging in the same way they have responded to prevoud life events

    Continuity theory

  • 57

    Society consist of hroup of cohorts that age collectively

    Age stratification theory

  • 58

    An individual has personal competencies that assis the person in dealing with thw environment

    Person- environment theoru

  • 59

    Human motivation is viewed as hierachy kf needs that are critical to the growth and developmrnt of all people

    Maslow’s heirarchy of human needs

  • 60

    Development is viewed as occuring throughout adulthood, with self-realization as the goal of personality development

    Jung’s theory of individualism

  • 61

    All people experience psychosocial stages during lifetime

    Erikson’s eight stages in life

  • 62

    Seven developmental task are identifies as occuring during erikson’s final two stages

    Peck’s expansion of erikson’s theory

  • 63

    Physical capacity diminishes with age

    Selective optimization theory with compensation

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Is a developmental process, is a natural process. Constantly and continousky, every cell and of every organism age

    Aging

  • 2

    Is a continuum of event that occur from cenotion to death. It is a process of becoming older

    Aging

  • 3

    Development principles

    Development is lifelong, Development depends on history and context, Development is multidimensional and multidirectional and involves a balance of growth and decline, Development is plastic rather than rigid

  • 4

    It were a pathologic experience, witnesses by comments that associate with aging with

    looking gray and wrinkled, losing one’s mind, becoming sick and frail, obtaining little satisfaction from life, returning to childlike behavior, being useless

  • 5

    Negative attitueda towarda aging and older adults

    Ageism

  • 6

    Type of aging

    Chronological age, Biological age, Psychological age, Social age

  • 7

    Measured by the number of years lived

    Chronological age

  • 8

    Predicted by the person’s physical condition and how well vital organ system ate functioning

    Biological age

  • 9

    Expressed through a person’s ability and control of memory learning capacity, skills, emotions and judgement

    Psychological age

  • 10

    Measured by age-grades behavior that conform to an expected status and role within a culture or society

    Social age

  • 11

    Subset of elderly

    .

  • 12

    Is the study of aging and the aged

    Gerontology

  • 13

    Medical care of the aged

    Geriatrics

  • 14

    Focuses on social aspects of aging

    Social gerontology

  • 15

    Seeks to address the concerns of older adults

    Geropsychology

  • 16

    Study of pharmacology in relation to adults

    Geropharmacology

  • 17

    Combines knowledge of financial planning and services with special expertise in the needs of older radults

    Financial gerontology

  • 18

    Combines expertise in gerontological nursing with rehabilitation concepts and practice

    Gerontological rehabilitiation nursing

  • 19

    Nurses advocating for the health of the older persons at all levels of prevention

    Gerontological nursing

  • 20

    Family compositions

    .

  • 21

    One can identify family members by looking for those individuals who fulfill family functions

    Identifications of family members

  • 22

    In aging families, family functions are somewhat modified to address the special needs of the elderley and focus on the following

    .

  • 23

    Family members assume certain roles as a result of their socialization process and family needs and expectations

    Family roles

  • 24

    Family roles are?

    Decision maker, Caregiver, Deviant, Dependent, Victim

  • 25

    The person who is granted or asune responsibility for making important decisions or is called on in time crisis

    Decision maker

  • 26

    The person who provides direct services, look after and assista with personal care and home management

    Caregiver

  • 27

    The “problem child” who has strayed from family norma, Maybe used to fulfill family need for scapegoat or provide sense of purpose for family members who compensate for the individual

    Deviant

  • 28

    A person who deenda on other family members for economic or caregiving assitance

    Dependent

  • 29

    A person who forfeits his or her legitimate rights and maybe physically, socially, economically abused by the family

    Victim

  • 30

    Primarily provided by the adult children of the older person

    Family caregiving

  • 31

    Types and levels of family caregiving

    Routine care, Back-up Care, Circumscribed care, Sporadic care, Dissociation care

  • 32

    Regular assistance to recognized that is incorporated into the family routine of the caregiver

    Routine care

  • 33

    Assistance with routine activities that is provided only at the request of the main caregiver

    Back up care

  • 34

    Participation that is provided on a regular basis within boundaries set by the caregiver

    Circumscribed care

  • 35

    Irregular participation at the caregiver’s convenience

    Sporadic care

  • 36

    Potential caregiver does not participate at all in care

    Dissociation

  • 37

    Dynamics among family memvers can have positive or negative effects on the elderly

    Family dynamics

  • 38

    Theories of aging and nursing implications

    Error theory, Free radical theory, Cross-linkage theory, Wear and tear theory, Programmed theory, Immunity theory, Disengagment theory, Active/development task theory, Continuity theory, Age stratification theory, Person- Environment theory

  • 39

    What theories belong to Stochastic theories (Biologic theories)

    Error theory, Free radical theory, Cross-linkage theory, Wear and tear theory

  • 40

    Concerned with answering basic questions regarding physiologic process that occur in all living organism in time

    Biologic theories

  • 41

    View as aging as certain predetermined, timed, phenomena.

    Nostochastic theories

  • 42

    What are belong to Nostochastic theories

    Programmed theory, Immunity theory

  • 43

    Explain aging as events that occur randomly and accumulate over time

    Stochastic theories

  • 44

    Aging and disease do nit go necessarily hand in hand and the nurse caring for older adults needs to have clear understanding of the difference between age related changes and thise may actually be pathologic

    Nursing implication

  • 45

    Focus on roles and relationships within which individuals engage in later life

    Sociologic theories

  • 46

    What are theories that belong to sociologic theories

    Disengagement theory, Active/Development task theory, Continuity theory, Age stratification theory, Person- Environment theory

  • 47

    Influenced by both biology and sociology, address how a person responds to the task of his/her age

    Psychologic theories

  • 48

    The error theory is based on the idea that errors can occur in the transcription of synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). These errors are perpetuated and eventually lead to systems that do not function at the optimal level

    Error theory

  • 49

    Are by products of metabolism. When this byproduct accumulated, they damage the cell membrane, which decreases its efficiency. The body produces antioxidants that scavenge the free radicals

    Free radical theory

  • 50

    With age, according to this theory, some proteins in the body becom cross-linked. This does not allow for normal metabolic activities and wastes products accumulate in the cells. The result is that tissues do not function at optimal efficiency

    Cross-Linkage theory

  • 51

    Equated humans with machines. It hypothesis the aging is the result of continuous use of the body overtime

    Wear and tear theory

  • 52

    Normal cells divide a limited number of times and that life expectancy is preprogrammed

    Programmed theory

  • 53

    Changes occur in the immune system specifically in T lymphocytes. These changes leavr the individual more vulnerable to the disease

    Immunity theory

  • 54

    As individual age, they withdraw from society and society encourages withdrawal

    Disengagement theory

  • 55

    Individual need to remain active to age successfully.

    Active/ Development task theory

  • 56

    Individuals will respond to aging in the same way they have responded to prevoud life events

    Continuity theory

  • 57

    Society consist of hroup of cohorts that age collectively

    Age stratification theory

  • 58

    An individual has personal competencies that assis the person in dealing with thw environment

    Person- environment theoru

  • 59

    Human motivation is viewed as hierachy kf needs that are critical to the growth and developmrnt of all people

    Maslow’s heirarchy of human needs

  • 60

    Development is viewed as occuring throughout adulthood, with self-realization as the goal of personality development

    Jung’s theory of individualism

  • 61

    All people experience psychosocial stages during lifetime

    Erikson’s eight stages in life

  • 62

    Seven developmental task are identifies as occuring during erikson’s final two stages

    Peck’s expansion of erikson’s theory

  • 63

    Physical capacity diminishes with age

    Selective optimization theory with compensation