問題一覧
1
ephedrine
Ephedraceae Ephedra sinica, Ephedraceae Ephedra equisetina
2
colchicine
Liliaceae Cochicum autumnale
3
(-)-cathinone
Celastraceae (衛矛科）Catha edulis
4
mescaline
Cactaceae Lophophora williamsii
5
psilocybin
Psilocybe mexicana
6
arecoline
Arecaceae Areca catechu
7
lobeline
Campanulaceae, or Lobeliaceae Lobelia inflata
8
l-nicotine主， nornicotine
Solanaceae Nicotiana tabacum
9
coniine主， conhydrine等物
Umbelliferae Conium maculatum
10
piperine, chavicine
Piperiaceae Piper nigrum
11
(-)-pelletierine
Punicaceae Punica granatum
12
hyocyamine, atropine(hyocyamine之消旋產物) , scopolamine(hyoscine)癲茄
Solanaceae Atropa belladonna
13
hyocyamine, atropine(hyocyamine之消旋產物) , scopolamine(hyoscine)東茛菪
Solanaceae Scopolia japonica
14
主要成分hyocyamine, atropine(hyocyamine之消旋產物) , scopolamine(hyoscine)菲沃斯葉
Solanaceae Hyoscyamus niger
15
主要成分hyocyamine, atropine(hyocyamine之消旋產物) , scopolamine(hyoscine)曼陀羅葉
Solanaceae Datura stramonium
16
主要成分scopolamine(hyoscine), atropine(hyocyamine之消旋產物) , hyocyamine
Solanaceae Datura fastula or metel
17
ester alkaloid, derivate of tropine and ecgonine: cocaine( 主 ), cinamylcocaine, alpha-, beta- truxilline，其他如benzoylecgonine, methylecgonine, tropacocaine等
Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum coca 和Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum truxillense
18
主成分quinine，其他有quinidine, chinchonine, chinchonidine
Rubiaceae Cinchona succirubra Rubiaceae Cinchona ledgeriana Rubiaceae Cinchona calisaya
19
quinidine為主, quinine, cupreine
Rubiaceae Remijia pedunculata
20
主成分caffeine,少數 theobromide
Sterculaceae Cola nitida
21
主成分caffeine, 少數trigonelline
Rubiaceae Coffea arabica, liberica, robusta
22
生物鹼主成分caffeine, 其他有xanthine, theophylline, theobromine。gallotannin EGCG也是重要藥物
Theaceae Camellia(Thea) sinensis
23
caffeine與很多catechutannin
Sapindaceae Paullinia cupana
24
caffeine與caffeotannin
Aquifoliaceae Ilex paraguariensis
25
theobromine為生物鹼主成分，caffeine其次
Sterculiaceae Theobroma cacao
26
主成分pilocarpine, 其他isopilocarpine, pilocarpidine, pilosine
Rutaceae Pilocarpus jarborandi, pinnatifolius
27
germidine, germitrine為主要療效成分為有機酸之酯類，其他酯類有cevadine, veratridine等衍生物，還有alkamine glycoside，Alkamines
Liliaceae Veratrum viride
28
主要有效成分為protoveratrine A, B，為有機酸酯類，其整體來看為ester alkaloid, glcoalkoid, alkamines ester alkaloid混合
Liliaceae Veratrum album
29
主成分aconitine，其他aconitine series 有hypaconitine, mesaconitine, jesaconitine，atisine series有atisine, kobusine, pseudokobusine
Ranuculaceae Aconitum carmichaelii
30
含castanospermine, 6-epi-castanospermine
Leguminosae Castanospermum australe
31
（-)-sparteien為主成分，一些黃酮類
Leguminosae Cytisus scoparius
32
主成分morphine, 其他也同樣重要noscapine(narcotine), codeine, papaverine, thebaine, narceine, meconic acid
Papaveraceae Papaver somniferum
33
2/3 emetine 1/3cephaeline
Rubiaceae Cephaelis ipecacuanha
34
1/3 emetine 2/3cephaeline
Rubiaceae Cephaelis acuminata
35
berberine為主成分, 其他有coptisine, worenine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, epiberberine, groenlandicine, berberastine, magnoflorine
Ranuculaceae Coptis chinensis, deltoidea, teeta, omeiensis
36
主成分hydrastine，其他berberine, canadine
Ranuculaceae Hydrastis canadensis
37
主成分berberine高達70趴, (有些品種跟berberine一樣多）palmatine,其他成分 phellodendrin, 苦obakunone, obakulactone, magnoflorine
Rutaceae Phellodendron amurense, wilsonii, chinense
38
含palmatine, jateorrhizine, columbabimine, 苦columbin
Menispermaceae Jateorhiza palmata(Miers)
39
主成分sanguinarine , 其他還有chelerythrine, protopine, allocryptopine
Papaveraceae Sanguinaria canadensis
40
主要(+)-tubocurarine, (-)-curine, 其他chondodendrine, methylchondodendrine, (+)chondocurine
Menispermaceae Chondrodendron tomentosum
41
curarine, toxiferine, C-curarine, calebasine, calebasinine, C-flurocurine, C-flurocurinine
Loganiaceae Strychnos castelnaei, toxifera, crevauxii
42
主成分camptothecin, 其他10-hydroxycamptothecin, 10-methoxycamptothecin
Nyssaceae Camptothecin acuminata
43
不知道誰主要，但重要藥用成分有（弱鹼）reserpine, （弱鹼）deserpidine, （弱鹼）rescinnamine,其他有yohimbine,serpentine(較強鹼）等等
Apocynaceae Rauvolfia serpentina
44
主要成分yohimbine
Rubiaceae Pausinystalia yohimbe
45
比較重要有ergometrine（ergonovine or ergobasin）和ergotamine其他有ergotoxine（mixture of ergocristine, ergokryptine, ergocornine），隨寄生物的環境等等因素比例不同
Clavicipitaceae Claviceps purpurea on Gramineae Secale cereale
46
主要為lysergic acid amide ，其他有(+)-isolysergic acid, ergonovine, (+)-lysergic acid methylcarbinolamide, certain clavine alkaloid
Convolvulaceae Rivea corymbosa and Ipomoea sp. and Argyreia sp.
47
Strychnine與brucine
Loganiaceae Strychnos nux-vomica和Strychnos ignatii但含量和比例應該不一樣
48
主成分physostigmine
Leguminosae Physostigma venenosum
49
主要活性vincristine, vinblastine
Apocyanaceae Catharanthus roseus