問題一覧
1
It is the primary function of management. It is the outline of the activities to be
done in the future predetermined goals. It means looking ahead and chalking out the future course of action.
Planning
2
It is the process of setting goals and choosing the means to achieve those goals
Planning
3
defined as the process of choosing among alternatives.
Planning
4
"Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it. Planning bridges gap from where we are to where we want to go".
Koontz and O'Donnell
5
This means that certain resources must be committed or pledged for the purpose of planning. Planning is not an easy task. So, necessary help is to be taken from experts. The enterprise must be ready to exhaust the available resources for the achievement of a plan.
Principle of Commitment
6
This principle implies that more emphasis must be put on that factor which is scarce or limited in supply or extremely costly. This will help in selecting the most favorable alternative.
Principle of the Limiting Factor
7
These involve reflective thinking which signifies problem-solving thought process-a process by which past experiences are superimposed on the facts of the present situation and possible future trends. None can be a planner whose mind is not active, who does not possess any deliberate power and whose sense of judgement is not strong.
Principle of Reflective Thinking
8
Though a plan is prepared after reflective thinking, this does not mean that no
departure can be made during its operation. The plan should be so prepared that there is sufficient scope for changing it from time to time. Changes must necessarily be effected in the plan for taking into account new developments that may take place in the course of the operation of the plan.
Principle of Flexibility
9
A major plan is prepared, and it is supported by many derivative plans. But all plans must contribute in a positive way towards the achievement of the enterprise objectives.
Principle of Contribution to Enterprise Objectives
10
A plan should be made efficient to attain the objectives of the enterprise at the
minimum cost and least effort. It must also achieve better results with the minimum of unexpected happenings. Therefore, it is to be seen that what is expected is likely to be achieved.
Principle of Efficiency
11
Planning is basically a problem of choosing. The essence of planning is the choice among alternative courses of action. There is no need for planning if there is only one way for doing something. In choosing from alternatives, the best alternative will be that which contributes most efficiently and effectively to the accomplishment of a desired goal.
Principle of Selection of Alternatives
12
A plan is prepared against some foundations or backgrounds known as Planning
Premises'. There must be complete agreement among the managers in respect of planning premises over which the structure of plan is to be framed.
Principle of Planning Premises
13
It determine the starting and finishing time for
each piece of work according to some definite schedule and give practical and concrete shape and form to work performance.
Principle of Timing and Sequence of Operations
14
To secure participation of the employees with whole-hearted co-operation in
execution of the plan, it is necessary that the plan must be communicated and explained to them for their full understanding. This understanding provides the basis for additional knowledge about new facts and matters to the employees. This is needed for improvement in the quality of planning. also ensures an obligation of the personnel of the enterprise to execute the plan by individual and joint participation.
Principle of Securing Participation
15
Though major planning function is entrusted to the top management, it is not
restricted to the top level only. It is a function of every manager at every level in the organization.
Principle of Pervasiveness
16
I essential where there is competition. It is prepared in the light of what the competitors are intending to do. Planners must take into account the strategies of the rival organizations, otherwise the planning projection may land them in trouble.
Principle of Strategic Planning
17
A good system of planning should be responsive to the opportunities for
innovation. _______ consists in creating something new for increasing satisfaction of the consumers. This may also be stated as an important strategy of business. Innovation is a necessity for its sustaining growth in this dynamic world. Innovation is achieved through research and development and planning is required to provide such scope.
Principle of Innovation
18
During execution of a plan, certain obstacles may crop up in midway and planning may require revision, alteration or correction. This is why there must be a follow-up system in the planning process itself. This allows timely changes in the planning and makes it more effective.
Principle of Follow-up
19
The important task of planning is to determine the __________ of the enterprise.
________ are the goals towards which all managerial activities are aimed at.
Objectives
20
It is the analysis and interpretation of future in relation to the activities and working of an enterprise. _________ refers to analyzing the statistical data and other economic, political and market information for the purpose of reducing the risks involved in making business decisions and long range plans. _______ provides a logical basis for anticipating the shape of the future business transactions and their requirements as to man and material.
Forecasting
21
Are statements or principles that guide and direct differenty
managers at various levels in making decisions. ______ provide the necessary basis for executive operation. They set forth overall boundaries within which the decision-makers are expected to operate while making decisions. ____ act as guidelines for taking administrative decisions.
Policies
22
It is the outline a series of tasks for a specified course of action. It provides guidelines to thinking and action, but ____ are definite and specific steps to thinking and action.
Procedures
23
It specifies necessary course of action in a particular situation. It acts as a guide and is essentially in the nature of a decision made by the management authority.
Rules
24
Are precise plans of action followed in proper sequence in accordance with the objectives, policies, and procedures. Thus, it lead to a concrete course of inter-related actions for the accomplishment of a purpose.
Programs
25
_____ must be closely integrated with the objectives. _______ involves
dividing into steps the activities necessary to achieve the objectives, determining the sequence between different steps, fixing up performance responsibility for each step, determining the requirements of resources, time, finance etc. and assigning definite duties to each part.
Programs
26
_____ means an estimate of men, money, materials and equipment in numerical
terms required for implementation of plans and programs. Thus, planning and _____ are inter-linked. _____ indicates the size of the program and involves income and outgo, input and output. It also serves as a very important control device by measuring the
Budgets
27
A _______ is a single-use plan which is a part of a general program. It is part of the job that needs to be done in connection with the general program. So a single step in a program is set up as a project. Generally, in planning a project, a special task force is also envisaged.
Projects
28
______ are the devices formulated and adopted from the competitive standpoint
as well as from the point of view of the employees, customers, suppliers, and government. _______ thus may be internal and external. Whether internal or external, the success of the plans demands that it should be strategy oriented.
Strategies
29
Are developed as a result of crisis. A particular problem may occur
for which the department has no plan and must quickly develop one, sometimes without careful preparation.
Reactive Plans
30
Are developed in anticipation of problems. Although not all police
problems are predictable, many are, and it is possible for a police department to prepare a response in advance.
Proactive Plans
31
Are essential statements that identify the role of the police in the
community and the future condition or state to which the department can aspire. A vision may also include a statement of values to be used to guide the decision-making process in the department.
Visionary Plans
32
Are designed to meet the long-range, overall goals of the organization. Such plans allow the department to adapt anticipated changes or develop a new philosophy or model of policing (e.g. community policing). One of the most important aspects of ______ planning is to focus on external environmental factors that affect the goals and objectives of the department and how they will be achieved. Important
Strategic Plans
33
Are designed to meet the specific tasks requires to implement
strategic plans.
Operational Plans
34
It provide the basic framework for responding to organizational
problems. The organizational vision and values, strategic statement, policies, procedures, and rules and regulations are examples of _____ plans. _____ plans also include guidelines for responding to different types of incidents; for example, a civil disturbance, hostage situation, crime in progress, and felony car stops.
Standing Plans
35
Include the framework for the operation of the major functional units in the organization, such as patrol and investigations. It also includes the design of the structure, how different functions and units are to relate and coordinate activities, and how resources are to be allocated.
Functional Plans
36
are essentially the measures or comparisons to be used to assess police activities and behavior (outputs)) and results (outcomes). If one of the goals of the police department is to reduce the crime rate, any change that occurs can be compared to past crime rates in the same community or crime in other communities, a state, or the nation. If the crime rates were reduced while holding or reducing costs, it would reflect an improvement not only in effectiverness but also in departmental productivity.
Operational-efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity plans
37
Are concerned with specific purpose and conclude when an objective is accomplished or a problem is solved. Specific police programs or projects such as drug crackdown, crime prevention program, and neighborhood clean-up campaign are good examples of time-specific plans.
Time-specific plans
HRE
HRE
Kristine Azalejrad · 63問 · 1年前HRE
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FIRE PROTECTION AND ARSON INVESTIGATION
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CDI 312
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37問 • 10ヶ月前問題一覧
1
It is the primary function of management. It is the outline of the activities to be
done in the future predetermined goals. It means looking ahead and chalking out the future course of action.
Planning
2
It is the process of setting goals and choosing the means to achieve those goals
Planning
3
defined as the process of choosing among alternatives.
Planning
4
"Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who is to do it. Planning bridges gap from where we are to where we want to go".
Koontz and O'Donnell
5
This means that certain resources must be committed or pledged for the purpose of planning. Planning is not an easy task. So, necessary help is to be taken from experts. The enterprise must be ready to exhaust the available resources for the achievement of a plan.
Principle of Commitment
6
This principle implies that more emphasis must be put on that factor which is scarce or limited in supply or extremely costly. This will help in selecting the most favorable alternative.
Principle of the Limiting Factor
7
These involve reflective thinking which signifies problem-solving thought process-a process by which past experiences are superimposed on the facts of the present situation and possible future trends. None can be a planner whose mind is not active, who does not possess any deliberate power and whose sense of judgement is not strong.
Principle of Reflective Thinking
8
Though a plan is prepared after reflective thinking, this does not mean that no
departure can be made during its operation. The plan should be so prepared that there is sufficient scope for changing it from time to time. Changes must necessarily be effected in the plan for taking into account new developments that may take place in the course of the operation of the plan.
Principle of Flexibility
9
A major plan is prepared, and it is supported by many derivative plans. But all plans must contribute in a positive way towards the achievement of the enterprise objectives.
Principle of Contribution to Enterprise Objectives
10
A plan should be made efficient to attain the objectives of the enterprise at the
minimum cost and least effort. It must also achieve better results with the minimum of unexpected happenings. Therefore, it is to be seen that what is expected is likely to be achieved.
Principle of Efficiency
11
Planning is basically a problem of choosing. The essence of planning is the choice among alternative courses of action. There is no need for planning if there is only one way for doing something. In choosing from alternatives, the best alternative will be that which contributes most efficiently and effectively to the accomplishment of a desired goal.
Principle of Selection of Alternatives
12
A plan is prepared against some foundations or backgrounds known as Planning
Premises'. There must be complete agreement among the managers in respect of planning premises over which the structure of plan is to be framed.
Principle of Planning Premises
13
It determine the starting and finishing time for
each piece of work according to some definite schedule and give practical and concrete shape and form to work performance.
Principle of Timing and Sequence of Operations
14
To secure participation of the employees with whole-hearted co-operation in
execution of the plan, it is necessary that the plan must be communicated and explained to them for their full understanding. This understanding provides the basis for additional knowledge about new facts and matters to the employees. This is needed for improvement in the quality of planning. also ensures an obligation of the personnel of the enterprise to execute the plan by individual and joint participation.
Principle of Securing Participation
15
Though major planning function is entrusted to the top management, it is not
restricted to the top level only. It is a function of every manager at every level in the organization.
Principle of Pervasiveness
16
I essential where there is competition. It is prepared in the light of what the competitors are intending to do. Planners must take into account the strategies of the rival organizations, otherwise the planning projection may land them in trouble.
Principle of Strategic Planning
17
A good system of planning should be responsive to the opportunities for
innovation. _______ consists in creating something new for increasing satisfaction of the consumers. This may also be stated as an important strategy of business. Innovation is a necessity for its sustaining growth in this dynamic world. Innovation is achieved through research and development and planning is required to provide such scope.
Principle of Innovation
18
During execution of a plan, certain obstacles may crop up in midway and planning may require revision, alteration or correction. This is why there must be a follow-up system in the planning process itself. This allows timely changes in the planning and makes it more effective.
Principle of Follow-up
19
The important task of planning is to determine the __________ of the enterprise.
________ are the goals towards which all managerial activities are aimed at.
Objectives
20
It is the analysis and interpretation of future in relation to the activities and working of an enterprise. _________ refers to analyzing the statistical data and other economic, political and market information for the purpose of reducing the risks involved in making business decisions and long range plans. _______ provides a logical basis for anticipating the shape of the future business transactions and their requirements as to man and material.
Forecasting
21
Are statements or principles that guide and direct differenty
managers at various levels in making decisions. ______ provide the necessary basis for executive operation. They set forth overall boundaries within which the decision-makers are expected to operate while making decisions. ____ act as guidelines for taking administrative decisions.
Policies
22
It is the outline a series of tasks for a specified course of action. It provides guidelines to thinking and action, but ____ are definite and specific steps to thinking and action.
Procedures
23
It specifies necessary course of action in a particular situation. It acts as a guide and is essentially in the nature of a decision made by the management authority.
Rules
24
Are precise plans of action followed in proper sequence in accordance with the objectives, policies, and procedures. Thus, it lead to a concrete course of inter-related actions for the accomplishment of a purpose.
Programs
25
_____ must be closely integrated with the objectives. _______ involves
dividing into steps the activities necessary to achieve the objectives, determining the sequence between different steps, fixing up performance responsibility for each step, determining the requirements of resources, time, finance etc. and assigning definite duties to each part.
Programs
26
_____ means an estimate of men, money, materials and equipment in numerical
terms required for implementation of plans and programs. Thus, planning and _____ are inter-linked. _____ indicates the size of the program and involves income and outgo, input and output. It also serves as a very important control device by measuring the
Budgets
27
A _______ is a single-use plan which is a part of a general program. It is part of the job that needs to be done in connection with the general program. So a single step in a program is set up as a project. Generally, in planning a project, a special task force is also envisaged.
Projects
28
______ are the devices formulated and adopted from the competitive standpoint
as well as from the point of view of the employees, customers, suppliers, and government. _______ thus may be internal and external. Whether internal or external, the success of the plans demands that it should be strategy oriented.
Strategies
29
Are developed as a result of crisis. A particular problem may occur
for which the department has no plan and must quickly develop one, sometimes without careful preparation.
Reactive Plans
30
Are developed in anticipation of problems. Although not all police
problems are predictable, many are, and it is possible for a police department to prepare a response in advance.
Proactive Plans
31
Are essential statements that identify the role of the police in the
community and the future condition or state to which the department can aspire. A vision may also include a statement of values to be used to guide the decision-making process in the department.
Visionary Plans
32
Are designed to meet the long-range, overall goals of the organization. Such plans allow the department to adapt anticipated changes or develop a new philosophy or model of policing (e.g. community policing). One of the most important aspects of ______ planning is to focus on external environmental factors that affect the goals and objectives of the department and how they will be achieved. Important
Strategic Plans
33
Are designed to meet the specific tasks requires to implement
strategic plans.
Operational Plans
34
It provide the basic framework for responding to organizational
problems. The organizational vision and values, strategic statement, policies, procedures, and rules and regulations are examples of _____ plans. _____ plans also include guidelines for responding to different types of incidents; for example, a civil disturbance, hostage situation, crime in progress, and felony car stops.
Standing Plans
35
Include the framework for the operation of the major functional units in the organization, such as patrol and investigations. It also includes the design of the structure, how different functions and units are to relate and coordinate activities, and how resources are to be allocated.
Functional Plans
36
are essentially the measures or comparisons to be used to assess police activities and behavior (outputs)) and results (outcomes). If one of the goals of the police department is to reduce the crime rate, any change that occurs can be compared to past crime rates in the same community or crime in other communities, a state, or the nation. If the crime rates were reduced while holding or reducing costs, it would reflect an improvement not only in effectiverness but also in departmental productivity.
Operational-efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity plans
37
Are concerned with specific purpose and conclude when an objective is accomplished or a problem is solved. Specific police programs or projects such as drug crackdown, crime prevention program, and neighborhood clean-up campaign are good examples of time-specific plans.
Time-specific plans