1st Firefighters

He is an English pharmacist who invented the first match in 1872

He is a french chemist who proved in 1777 that burning is the result of the rapid union of oxygen with other substances. as substance burn, heat and light are produced.

American inventor who was able to send an electric current through a carbon filament become so hot that it gave off light.

It is an active principle of burning, characterized by the heat and light of combustion.

The rapid oxidation of combustile material accompanied by release of energy usually in the form of heat and light.

It states that elements necessary to produce fire.

It is the soul of fire. Combustile materials to vaporize and burn. Anything that will burn when heated with sufficient oxygen.

Life of fire. It is odorless, colorless, tasteless, gaseous chemical element, the most abundant of all elements: it occurs free the atmosphere aids in combustion; comes from the atmosphere we breathe; the atmosphere contains:

Body of fire. To raise the temperature of the fuel vapor to its ignition temperature.

It is the source of Ignition. Form of energy measured in degree of temperature, a product of combustion that causes the spread of fire.

It is the indicator of heat and measure the warmth or coldness of an object.

It illustrates how flaming combustion is supported and sustained through the chain reaction.

Glowing coombustionn- ember. Represented by the fire Triangle.

an exodermic reaction between fuel and oxidant accompanied by the production of heat and light.

Start of combustion process

Increase in temperature without drawing from outside source, prod heat because of internal chemical reaction and eventually ignite without any exposure to fire.

Also known as thermal decomposition.

is defined as the "chemical decomposition of matter through the action of heat".

It releases highly combustile vapors when the temperature of a certain substance is very high.

Carbon dioxide or Carbon monoxide

It is formed during fires involving organic materials (rubber, hair, wood) It also smells like a rotten egg.

Toxic gas from oxygen-starved fires involving nitrogen materials (wood, silks) Smells like bitter almond

From fires involving chloride containing plastics. Gas which can be fatal involving after only few breaths.

Visible part of the fire.

A form of energy measured in degree temperature.

One of the primary hazards of fire among with oxygen depletion and carbon monoxide formation.

Visible product of incomplete combustion.

The ratio of the weight of a solid or liquid substance to the weight of an equal volume of water.

The weight of a volume of pure gas composed to the volume of dry air at the same temperature and pressure.

The force exerted by the molecules on the surface of a liquid.

The measuring of the degree of thermal agitation of molecules

The constant temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

The minimum temperature at which the substance must have heated in order to initiate combustion.

The lowest temperature of a liquid in an open container at which vapors are evolved fast enough to support combustion.

The temperature at which a flammable liquid forms a vapor-air mixture that ignites (mixture with in the explosive range)

Changes whereby energy (heat) is absorbed or is added before the reaction takes place.

Those that release or give off energy (heat) thus they produce substances with less energy than the reactants.

Chemical change that is exothermic, a change in combustile material (fuel) and an oxidizing agent (air), react.

Smooth Flame. It follows a smooth path

Rough Flame. Unsteady, irregular swirls.

Example is flame of oxyacetylene torch

Example is flame of Bunsen Burner.

types of Flammable Solids

Include many of the ordinary accepted combustibles: wood, paper, and so on

Solid fuels that are difficult to ignite. A common example is charcoal.

2 General groups of Liquid fuels

Liquids having flash point of BELOW 37.8 °C

Liquids have flashpoint AT OR ABOVE 37.°C

Is the quantity of heat absorbed by a substance fromm a solid to liquid and from a liquid to gas. Conversely, heat is released during conversion of a gas to liquid or liquid to gas.

Solely gaseous state in its container

Partly gas and partly liquid inside its container.

Remains liquefied gas in its container.

Mechanical device, usually made of metal, containing chemicals, fluids, or gasses for stopping fires, the means for application of its contents for the purpose of putting out fire.

Use only on Class A fires. Most effective inn cooling and mostly used inagent in firefighting. Should not be used in electrical fires.

Non-conductive and non-reactive with most substances and a very effective in Class C fires. Extinguishment is primarily by smothering. Possible re-ignition of embers if C02 dissipates.

Mixture of powders and various additives that improve the storage, flow, and water repellency of powders. It inhabits chemical chain reactions.

Used too extinguish Combustible metal fires (Class D) and extinguishes fire by excluding air from the combustible metal.

Also known as "Aqueous Film Forming Foam"and is used primarily on Class B fires, but maybe also used in Class A but less effective than water. It also provides vapor sealing effect when applied to the surface of flammable liquid fire.

Used on Class B and Class C Fires.

Used on Class A, B, C Fires

Is the descriptive term referring to the various methods used by the bureau to stop, extinguish and control destructive fire for eventual prevention of loss of life and property.

The DILG act of 1990 created the Bureau of Fire Protection to be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires and too enforce the laws on fire.

What is the cause of the majority of fire death?

This activity involves developing and defining systematic course of actions that maybe performed in order to realize the objectives of fire protection: It involves the process of establishing the SOP in case of fire breaks out.

Is the process knowing the emergency situation. It involves mental evaluation by the operation officer-in-charge to determine the appropriate course of action that provides the highest probability of success.

Activity of transferring people, livestock, and property away from the burning area to minimize damage or destruction that the fire might incur in case it propagates to other adjacent buildings.

This is the process of accessing the burning structure. Entry maybe done in a forcible manner: - provide access to firefighters - provide rescue - to aid in ventilation

This is the operation of removing (extracting), thus saving, people and other livestock from the burning building and other involved peoperties, conveying them to a secure place.

Also called cover exposure, this is the activity of securing other buildings near the burning structure in order to prevent the fire from the extending to another building.

This is the activity of restricting the fire at the place (room) where it started: the process of preventing fire from extending from another section or from one section to another section of the involved building

This is the operation purposely conducted to displace toxic gases. It includes the process of displacing the heated atmosphere within the involved building with normal air from outside atmosphere.

Heated gases and smoke rise to the highest point. must be worked from top to bottom.

Used if gases have not reached the higher level through the opening of windows.

A method whereby a device such as smoke ejector is utilized to remove faster excessive heat and dense smoke.

The activity of protecting the properties from preventable damage other than the fire.

This is the process of putting out the main body of fire by using the 4 general methods of fire extinguishments.

This is the complete and detailed check of the structure and all materials therein to eliminate conditions that may cause re-flash; involves complete extinguishments of sparks or smoldering (glowing) substances (embers) to prevent possibilities of re-ignition or rekindling.

This is the final stage of fire suppression activities. It is an inquiry conducted to know or determine the originn and cause of fire.