問題一覧
1
Voltage pulses from the pulser go to the
transducers elements
2
Gain compensation is necessary due to
attenuation
3
Which of the following choices is best when the image on your US display reflectors only in a region far from the transducers but no reflectors in a region close to the transducer?
adjust the systems compensation
4
Which of the following would have the deepest delay on TGC curve
2MHz annular phase
5
What is a primary advantage of multiple focal zones along each scan line of two dimensional image?
improved lateral resolution
6
With sector, scanning images with greater detail, spatial resolution are created when the number of acoustic pulses per degree of sector is increased
True
7
What does the far gain of a depth gain compensation curve represent?
The maximum amplification related to compensation
8
What is a number of binary digits required to store 29 levels of gray
5
9
A sonographer reduces the sector size from 90° to 30° frame rate, however did not change what else happened?
multifocus was turned on
10
What nonlinear behavior creates tissue harmonics
sound travels faster in compressions and slower in rarefractions
11
A byte is composed of _____ bits. A word is composed of ____bytes.
8,2
12
Why is it necessary for the receiver to perform compressions on the electrical signals that is processed?
The dynamic range of the systems electronics is less than the dynamic range of the receive sound reflection
13
What image is created with a two dimensional array transducer
Three-dimensional real time image
14
When using an instruments, typical of today’s imaging devices, a higher frequency transducer is likely to mildly improve the systems lateral resolution
True
15
The dimension perpendicular to the scan plane is called____
Section thickness
16
Which of the following is defined as changing the time of the shocking of the elements in order to shape and steer the beam
Phasing
17
The curved pattern of delays in the electrical spikes used in a linear phase. Ray transducer focuses the beams during reception.
False
18
One way that a sonographer can alter. The actual resolution achieved during an exam is to adjust The maximum imaging depth
false
19
What frequency transducer will have the best range resolution
10 MHz
20
When using an instrument, typical of today’s imaging devices, a higher frequency transducer is likely mildly improved the systems lateral resolution
True
21
With a mechanical transducer, the ultrasound beam is directed in many different directions to create an imaging plane
True
22
Which of the following studies would typically be performed with a curved sequential array Transducer!
Second trimester obstetric scan
23
Which receiver function create an image of comparable brightness from top to bottom
Swept gain compensation
24
Why is it necessary for analog-to-digital conversion to occur prior to the signal reaching the scan converter?
The scan converter can process signals only in binary
25
Which of the following functions will result in increase in the signal strength of the received beam
Amplification
26
The output of an ultrasound pulser determines the ___of the acoustic pulse
intensity
27
A digital representation of a number can achieve only specific values
True
28
An increase in the amplitude of the transmitted voltage will result in ____?
an increase in the acoustic power
29
As the sound beam travels, it is attenuation. This explains the needs to have which receiver function.
compensation
30
Which of the following task is not performed by the receiver of an ultrasound system
degaussing
31
A sonographer reduces the sector size from 90° to 30° frame rate, however did not change what else happened
Multifocal was turned on
32
All the following are requirements of contrast agents except
reasonable cost, and or reimbursements
33
Which of the following is associated with pulse inversion imaging?
Reduce temporal resolution
34
The transducer has an impedance ____ times that of the tissue
20
35
Shortening the pulses in diagnostic ultrasound Bordens the____
bandwidth
36
How is the piezoelectric property instilled in a man-made crystal material?
The crystal is heated to 328 to 365 Celsius in the presence of magnetic field and then cold
37
With a 1 D linear array, where is the dimension of the sound beam in the out of plane dimension the narrowest
It is at the point of the mechanical focusing
38
The ultrasound system in your lab has a transducer with a small footprint. This kind of transducer has the following disadvantages.
resolution is degraded at large distance
39
You are using a linear array transducer with 4 transmitted focal zones. how many pulses are required on each scan line to create the image?
four
40
A sonographer adjust an ultrasound scan to double depth of view from 5 cm to 10 cm if the frame rate remains the same, which one of the following also occurs
Narrow sector
41
A sonographer adjust an ultrasound scan to double the depth of you from 5 cm to rate an imaging depth are inversely 10 cm what happens to the frame rate
It is halved
42
Which of the following will improve temporal resolution?
increase PRF
43
A sonographer adjust the sector size from 45° to 90°. If nothing else is changed what happens to the frame rate
It is halved
44
What is the process of adjusting for path length related attenuation called?
Compensation
45
Which of the following is associated with highest mechanical index?
Low frequency, extreme peak, rarefactional pressure
46
Which display is limited to a Single pair of brightness or displayed levels
Binary
47
Which two factors determine temporal resolution
Speed of sound and depth of view
48
What happens to an image when the number of bits allocated to each pixel increase?
More shades gray
49
Which resolution relate more directly to the transducer
Detail
50
Factors determining axle resolution are the
Number of cycles in the pulse and wavelength
51
Arrays have additional beams resulting from their multi element structure called
Grating lobes
52
A technique that averages out the frequencies used to make the image to improve Contrast resolution and reduce speckle is
Frequency compounding
53
Which of the following actions will improve the signal to Noise ratio
Increase output power
54
The smallest component of a 3-D image is the
voxel
55
Which of the following is a standard for data exchange among imaging systems
DICOM
56
Which of the following is associated with uniform brightness?
Compensation
57
The ____is where the filtering detection and compression are done
Receiver
58
Which of the following would have the shallowest delay on the TGC curve?
5 MHz linear phase array transducer
59
What is the rationale for the ALARA principle
Patient exposure
60
What is a primary advantage of multiple focal zones along each scan line of two dimensional image
Improve lateral resolution
61
Under certain conditions and ultrasound system create each image in 0.01 second what is the frame rate?
100 Hz
62
The length of the pulse does not directly influence the temporal resolution
True
63
What is the primary advantage of multiple focal zones along each scanline of a two dimensional image?
Improve lateral resolution
64
What nonlinear behavior creates tissue harmonics
The sound travels faster in compression and slower and refractions
65
The PCT crystal in the shape of a disk produces a continuous ultrasound wave. The beam is unfocused. The far zone is the only region where the beam dimer exceeds the transducer Diana matter.
True
66
All the following reduced temporal resolution by increasing the number of pulses per image except
Increasing depth of view
67
What is the typical voltage of the signal That is the input to the receiver of an ultrasound system
10 mircovolts
68
What is the shape of the footprint produced by a curved sequential array transducer
smaller convex nearfield, and larger convex Farfield
69
If the crystal diameter is 4 mm what is the minimum distance perpendicular to the transducer that two objects need to be defined as two separate reflectors on the image?
2mm
70
What is the main disadvantage of continuous wave (Pedof) transducer?
depth ambiguity
71
The part of the receiver that reduces low level system noise is the
Rejection
72
What receiver function converts a negative portion of the signal to positive
Rectification
73
An advantage of coded excitation is improved
Signal-to-noise ratio
74
What is the process of adjusting path length related attenuation called?
Compensation
75
Which of the following functions will result in increase in the signal strength of the receive beAm
Amplification
76
A sonographer can make an image of uniform brightness by adjusting both alpha power and receiver gain
False
77
True or false the signal-to-noise ratio remains unchanged when a sonographer adjust receiver game
True
78
Which of the following task is incorporated in the process of demodulation
Rectification
79
What is the purpose of the radio frequency shield that is placed around the crystal and backing material of the ultrasound probe
It reduces electromagnetic interfence
80
Axial resolution is chiefly determined by
pulse duration