問題一覧
1
Spatial Pulse Length (SPL) is the product of a. velocity and PRP b. frequency and period c. propagation speed and PRF d. wavelength and cycles per pulse e. wavelength and velocity
wavelength and cycles per pulse
2
SPL is determined by
Source and medium
3
Spatial pulse length is
Wavelength X number of cycles in pulse
4
What happens to SPL if depth of view increases using the same transducer?
Remains the same
5
If frequency increases, the spatial pulse length
Decreases
6
Pulse A is from a 5 MHz transducer and pulse B is from a 10 MHz transducer. Both pulses have 4 cycles per pulse.
Pulse A will have greater SPL
7
If you increase the depth of view from 2 cm to 3 cm, the SPL
Does not change
8
Which pulse has a longer spatial pulse length?
cannot be determined
9
PRP is defined as
The pulse transmit or “on” time plus the pulse listening or “off” time
10
The number of pulses occurring in 1 sec is called the
Pulse repetition frequency
11
Two waves can have identical Pulse Repetition Frequencies, even if their frequencies are different.
True
12
When you change the PRF you are changing
The number of pulses per second
13
The range of PRF used in diagnostic ultrasound is
1 to 10 kHz
14
PRP and PRF can be changed by
altering depth of view
15
If the depth of view increases, the PRF
Decreases
16
If the PRF increases, the PRP
Decreases
17
Pulse Repetition Period is the reciprocal of Pulse Duration
False
18
The PRF of a 5 MHz transducer is greater than the PRF of a 2.5 MHz transducer.
True
19
PRF depends on
Source of the sound wave/transducer
20
What is the value of the duty cycle for continuous wave (CW) U/S?
100 %
21
In pulsed ultrasound, the maximum value of the duty factor is
Less than 100%
22
Duty factor depends on the frequency of the transducer
false
23
Duty factor is determined by
The transducer only
24
If the PRF decreases, the duty factor
Decreases
25
When the spatial pulse length increases, the duty factor
Increases
26
Two pulses are created by different transducers and both have the same frequency, the pulse containing more cycles has
Longer pulse duration
27
Duty factor can be changed by the sonographer.
True
28
The units for duty factor are
A ratio without units
29
Which is the highest intensity?
SPTP
30
What are the units of intensity?
watts/cm squared
31
Intensity is equal to
Power/ area
32
Intensities are important because
Bioeffects on the tissue being scanned
33
Temporal intensity is
The beam intensity during the transmitting time
34
Spatial intensity is
The beam intensity across the area being scanned
35
The beam uniformity coefficient describes
The spread of a beam in space (SP/SA factor)
36
The spatial intensity is usually highest at
The center of the beam
37
Which of the following will results in a decrease in beam intensity?
Increasing beam area
38
Power divided by beam areas is equal to
Intensity
39
Pulse duration is equal to
Period X number of cycles in pulse
40
Pulse duration is determined by
Source
41
A sonographer can adjust the duration of an acoustic pulse since it depends on the maximum imaging depth.
False
42
The units of pulse duration are units of
Time
43
If the depth of view increases, the pulse duration
Remains unchanged
44
Pulses from a 2.5 MHz transducer and a 5 MHz transducer each have 3 cycles per pulse. The pulse from the 2.5 MHz transducer has
longer pulse duration
45
A sonographer can adjust the pulse duration by
None of the above
46
Which of the following is determined by both source and medium?
wavelength
47
Which of the following frequencies is closest to the lower limit of iltrasound
25,000Hz
48
Sound can be described as
cyclical oscillation within a set of variables
49
Which waves are audible
28Hz
50
In order to be identified as ultrasound, the frequency of a wave must be greater than
20kHz
51
Which of these waves is most useful in diagnostic sonography
4MHz
52
The frequency of a transducer is 25,000,000 cycles per second. This can be written as
25MHz
53
All of the following are acoustic variables, except
power
54
Which parameter of the medium has the most effect on the velocity of sound in the medium?
bulk modulus of the medium
55
Constructive interference has the effect of ________ the amplitude of a wave
increasing
56
The interaction of echos that causes reinforcement rather than cancellation is known as
constructive interference
57
Wavelength depends on which two factors ?
frequency and propagation
58
Which of the following waves has the longest period
6Hz
59
Of the four waves whose frequencies are listed below which has the shortest
12kHz
60
If the frequency of an U/S wave is doubled what happens to the period
halves
61
If the frequency is 1MHz, what is the period
1 mircosec
62
As the frequency of an acoustic variable increases the wavelength
decreased
63
As the sound wave travels through soft tissue what happens to the frequency
it is not affected
64
As sound propagations through soft tissue the ampltitude
decrease proportional to distance
65
Intensity and power are related to amplitude by
proportional to amplitude squared
66
If the amplitude is doubled the intensity is
increased 4 times
67
If beam area is reduced by half and the power stays the same the intensity
doubles
68
The relative measurement of intensity based on the logarithmic scale has units of
decibles
69
The normal range of intensities used in Doppler ultrasound is
0.2 to 400 W/cm2
70
The wave propagates through the tissue the amplitude
decreases
71
With a 2 MHz transducer the wavelength in soft tissue is approximately
0.75 mm
72
As the frequency of the wave increases the wavelength will
decrease
73
The wavelength of the 3MHz transducer is shorter than the 6 MHz transducer
false
74
What is the wavelength of the 3 MHz transducer is shorter then the 6 MHz
false
75
What is the wavelength of 3MHz sound in soft tissue
0.51 mm
76
Image quality is affected by wavelength
true
77
If the frequency increases wavelength
decrease
78
The relationship between frequency and wave length is
inverse
79
Which pulse has a longer wavelength
from a 2 MHz
80
The number of wavelength passing a given point in a single second is called
frequency
81
Stiffness of a medium is the opposite of its
compressibility
82
When the elasticity of a medium is high the _____ is high
compressibility
83
The term bulk modulus is related to which quality
stiffness
84
The propagation speed used for soft tissue is
an average based on the usual percentages of each type of tissue