問題一覧
1
In right-handed individuals, which of the following abilities is predominantly a function of the right hemisphere of the brain?
spatial reasoning
2
Which of the following circumstances would most likely lead to a person experiencing an increased feeling of love?
a sudden increase in levels of oxytocin
3
The network of structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory is the
limbic system
4
Keria's doctor prescribes her a medication designed to help her with her eating disorder. The medication works on the hypothalamus to help regulate her hunger. Which of the following most accurately characterizes the role of the hypothalamus in the regulation of hunger?
it acts with hormones to control hunger and satiety
5
Which of the following would most likely result from an injury to the medulla?
a life threatening disruption of heartbeat and breathing
6
Neurotransmitters that function like the drug morphine and are involved in pain modulation include which of the following?
endorphins
7
Emma has lost the ability to understand language. She has most likely suffered damage to the
left temporal lobe
8
Which of the following best describes a major role of the thalamus?
it relays most sensory signals to the cortex
9
Richard is in a substance abuse treatment center because of his addiction to stimulants. He is experiencing withdrawal symptoms, so he drinks several large caffeinated sodas throughout the day to curb his symptoms. Caffeine is in the same class as which of the following drugs?
cocaine
10
Which of the following is classified as an antagonist
An antidepressant, because they block serotonin and norepinephrine receptors.
11
If an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain?
right parietal lobe
12
Information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by which of the following?
sensory neurons
13
When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain’s ability to form new memories in the ____
hippocampus
14
Which of the following research findings supports a strong biological basis for behavior?
Identical twins who are reared apart have similar levels of intelligence.
15
Researchers measured changes in neural firing in the frontal lobes for ten rats that were exposed to stimulants. The researchers used an MRI that indicates brain activity with colors. Normal brain activity is indicated by greens and yellows. High brain activity is indicated by reds and oranges. Low brain activity is indicated by grays and blues. All the rat’s brains showed normal activity prior to being exposed to the stimulant.
experiment
16
Researchers measured changes in neural firing in the frontal lobes for ten rats that were exposed to stimulants. The researchers used an MRI that indicates brain activity with colors. Normal brain activity is indicated by greens and yellows. High brain activity is indicated by reds and oranges. Low brain activity is indicated by grays and blues. All the rat’s brains showed normal activity prior to being exposed to the stimulant.
The color presented in the MRI images.
17
The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in
digesting food
18
A team of investigators discovered that taxi drivers who had memorized all the streets in their city had a larger hippocampus than bus drivers who did not have the streets memorized. This type of difference between these two groups most likely reflects
brain plasticity
19
Difficulty in typing smoothly on a keyboard would most likely result from damage to which of the following?
cerebellum
20
The pituitary gland is controlled by the
hypothalamus
21
In the figure above, a patient has been asked to draw a slash through each circle. The pattern of responses suggests that the patient has most likely experienced damage in which of the following areas?
right hemisphere
22
Scott lost his vision at a young age. When he was much older, he received a treatment that allowed him to see again. After so many years of not being able to see, he had a very difficult time interpreting visual information such as faces and expressions. His visual problems most likely came from processing difficulties in the
Responses
visual cortex
23
An individual with damage to Wernicke’s area is most likely to have difficulty
comprehending a spoken request for information
24
Which of the following regions of the body has the largest area of sensory cortex devoted to it?
face
25
Xi Bai was injured in a car accident and sustained damage to the cerebellum. Which of the following would Xi Bai anticipate to be disrupted by this injury?
motor learning
26
A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?
difficulty with speech production
27
Which of the following is a testable hypothesis using operational definitions about people who have undergone split-brain surgery to help control severe epilepsy?
Split-brain patients will not be able to name an object placed in their left visual field.
28
Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. As he went around a curve, he noticed a bear walking toward him. Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of which of the following?
Sympathetic nervous system
29
Darrin is watching a horror movie. When the evil main character makes a surprise appearance, Darrin jumps out of his seat, his heart rate accelerates, and he screams.
Which of the following pathways most directly contributes to his ability to calm down after this startle response?
The parasympathetic nervous system
30
Much of the research regarding the function of brain areas has been gathered from case studies of individuals with brain injury or disease. Which of the following identifies a reason for this?
The independent variable in an experiment would inflict brain injury, which is unethical.
31
Which of the following characteristics is generally associated with the use of hallucinogens?
The experience of vivid, distorted images that are not based on sensory input
32
Which of the following activities most directly relies on the hippocampus?
Memorizing the layout of a neighborhood
33
During the high-wire act, Grace walks along a rope suspended 30 feet above the circus floor. Which of the following is most involved in helping Grace coordinate her movements and maintain her balance during the performance?
cerebellum
34
Consider the relationship between various body parts and the size of their corresponding somatosensory cortex areas in the brain. How does a body part relate to the devoted cortical area?
The more sensitive the body part, the larger the area of the somatosensory cortex.
35
When a person is suffering from severe pain, the type of drug that will best help alleviate that pain is
an opiate
36
The drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters in the synapse during neural transmission are best identified as which of the following concepts?
reuptake inhibitors
37
Below is a transcript of a case study about an individual named Arjun.
Arjun was diagnosed with epilepsy and struggled with seizures regularly. After trying multiple unsuccessful treatments, his neurologist recommended surgery that severed the connections between the two hemispheres of the brain. Arjun agreed to the surgery.
After surgery, Arjun experienced changes that were noticed during special testing in a laboratory setting by a researcher. In the laboratory, psychologists flashed different images or words to his left and right visual fields. Arjun could easily speak the names of items that were flashed to his right visual field. He could not easily speak the names of items that were flashed to this left visual field. Arjun was studied by a researcher for many years, and his experiences went unchanged. The researcher published the research with Arjun where he shared Arjun’s experience and his first and last name.
Corpus Callosum
38
Researchers examined injury reports for 480 professional football games and determined there was an association between outdoor temperature and number of concussions reported. Which of the following best describes the type of research method used in this study?
Responses
correlational
39
Dr. Cruickshank conducted a study to examine whether cerebral cortex activity in the brain would be higher during memory retrieval for a test or during the initial learning process. She conducted brain scans on 10 volunteers while they were learning a new set of vocabulary words and while they were given a test on the same vocabulary words.
temporal lobes
40
The graph depicts which of the following?
process of neural transmission
41
A certain drug reduces the activity of the central nervous system, including the hippocampus and cerebellum. It affects several neurotransmitters, most notably gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Which of the following is most like the drug in question ?
alcohol
42
Getting a headache from not having a morning coffee after substantial daily coffee consumption for several months is most likely due to which of the following concepts?
Responses
withdrawal
43
At six months of age, Byrne underwent the surgical removal of the entire left hemisphere of her brain. Which of the following concepts explains the recovery of her primary functions following such surgery?
brain plasticity
44
The following item refers to a snake frightening Ted.
Ted is hiking along a mountain trail when he sees a large snake slithering across the path ahead of him.
Which of the following brain structures is most closely associated with Ted’s fear response?
amygdala
45
Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?
reticular formation
46
Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?
nature versus nurture
47
Juana accidentally touched a hot iron. She immediately drew back her hand. Which of the following is true about the withdrawal of her hand?
it was initiated in the spiral cord.
48
Shao Mae takes medication to relieve depression. The medication increases her neural activity. However, immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation for a short time. Which of the following describes the brief time period when the neuron is unable to fire?
the refractory period
49
Based on its effects on the central nervous system, alcohol can be classified as which of the following concepts?
a depressant
50
In extreme cases, surgically severing the corpus callosum is a treatment for which of the following conditions?
epilepsy
51
A research team lesioned the lateral hypothalamus of a rat and then monitored the rat’s activity when it recovered from the surgery. Their hypothesis is likely to be that the rat would do which of the following?
show reduced eating behavior
52
What is the primary function of the brain region indicated by the arrow?
sleeping, waking, and dreaming
53
Electrically stimulating a rat’s amygdala would most likely produce which of the following?
Aggression
54
Which of the following is a primary function of the nervous system depicted in the figure?
Sending and receiving sensory and motor signals
55
Which of the following statements best describes the placebo effect?
Dr. Kennedy observed that if people expected a treatment to work, it would, even if the patient received a fake treatment.
56
The parietal lobe is most involved in which of the following processes?
processing sensory information
57
An evolutionary psychologist would explain that humans desire social interaction, social acceptance, and social affiliation due to a need for which of the following?
survival
58
Johanna, a high school senior, starts experiencing disruptions in her movement when she cannot contract certain muscles. Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely involved in this disruption of the muscle contraction?
Acetylcholine
59
A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is
reduced inhibition
60
A person with a severe head injury subsequently acts irresponsibly, does not seem to be able to plan effectively, and is easy to anger. Which of the following brain areas is most likely injured?
Frontal lobe
61
Although his parents repeatedly warn him about the dangers of texting while driving, seventeen-year-old Marco continues to do so. Which of the following most likely explains Marco’s persistence?
Incomplete frontal lobe development
62
A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called
electroencephalography (EEG)
63
Rudy has chronic trouble staying awake in class. What part of the brain is most likely responsible for Rudy’s drowsiness?
Reticular formation
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問題一覧
1
In right-handed individuals, which of the following abilities is predominantly a function of the right hemisphere of the brain?
spatial reasoning
2
Which of the following circumstances would most likely lead to a person experiencing an increased feeling of love?
a sudden increase in levels of oxytocin
3
The network of structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory is the
limbic system
4
Keria's doctor prescribes her a medication designed to help her with her eating disorder. The medication works on the hypothalamus to help regulate her hunger. Which of the following most accurately characterizes the role of the hypothalamus in the regulation of hunger?
it acts with hormones to control hunger and satiety
5
Which of the following would most likely result from an injury to the medulla?
a life threatening disruption of heartbeat and breathing
6
Neurotransmitters that function like the drug morphine and are involved in pain modulation include which of the following?
endorphins
7
Emma has lost the ability to understand language. She has most likely suffered damage to the
left temporal lobe
8
Which of the following best describes a major role of the thalamus?
it relays most sensory signals to the cortex
9
Richard is in a substance abuse treatment center because of his addiction to stimulants. He is experiencing withdrawal symptoms, so he drinks several large caffeinated sodas throughout the day to curb his symptoms. Caffeine is in the same class as which of the following drugs?
cocaine
10
Which of the following is classified as an antagonist
An antidepressant, because they block serotonin and norepinephrine receptors.
11
If an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain?
right parietal lobe
12
Information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by which of the following?
sensory neurons
13
When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain’s ability to form new memories in the ____
hippocampus
14
Which of the following research findings supports a strong biological basis for behavior?
Identical twins who are reared apart have similar levels of intelligence.
15
Researchers measured changes in neural firing in the frontal lobes for ten rats that were exposed to stimulants. The researchers used an MRI that indicates brain activity with colors. Normal brain activity is indicated by greens and yellows. High brain activity is indicated by reds and oranges. Low brain activity is indicated by grays and blues. All the rat’s brains showed normal activity prior to being exposed to the stimulant.
experiment
16
Researchers measured changes in neural firing in the frontal lobes for ten rats that were exposed to stimulants. The researchers used an MRI that indicates brain activity with colors. Normal brain activity is indicated by greens and yellows. High brain activity is indicated by reds and oranges. Low brain activity is indicated by grays and blues. All the rat’s brains showed normal activity prior to being exposed to the stimulant.
The color presented in the MRI images.
17
The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in
digesting food
18
A team of investigators discovered that taxi drivers who had memorized all the streets in their city had a larger hippocampus than bus drivers who did not have the streets memorized. This type of difference between these two groups most likely reflects
brain plasticity
19
Difficulty in typing smoothly on a keyboard would most likely result from damage to which of the following?
cerebellum
20
The pituitary gland is controlled by the
hypothalamus
21
In the figure above, a patient has been asked to draw a slash through each circle. The pattern of responses suggests that the patient has most likely experienced damage in which of the following areas?
right hemisphere
22
Scott lost his vision at a young age. When he was much older, he received a treatment that allowed him to see again. After so many years of not being able to see, he had a very difficult time interpreting visual information such as faces and expressions. His visual problems most likely came from processing difficulties in the
Responses
visual cortex
23
An individual with damage to Wernicke’s area is most likely to have difficulty
comprehending a spoken request for information
24
Which of the following regions of the body has the largest area of sensory cortex devoted to it?
face
25
Xi Bai was injured in a car accident and sustained damage to the cerebellum. Which of the following would Xi Bai anticipate to be disrupted by this injury?
motor learning
26
A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?
difficulty with speech production
27
Which of the following is a testable hypothesis using operational definitions about people who have undergone split-brain surgery to help control severe epilepsy?
Split-brain patients will not be able to name an object placed in their left visual field.
28
Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. As he went around a curve, he noticed a bear walking toward him. Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of which of the following?
Sympathetic nervous system
29
Darrin is watching a horror movie. When the evil main character makes a surprise appearance, Darrin jumps out of his seat, his heart rate accelerates, and he screams.
Which of the following pathways most directly contributes to his ability to calm down after this startle response?
The parasympathetic nervous system
30
Much of the research regarding the function of brain areas has been gathered from case studies of individuals with brain injury or disease. Which of the following identifies a reason for this?
The independent variable in an experiment would inflict brain injury, which is unethical.
31
Which of the following characteristics is generally associated with the use of hallucinogens?
The experience of vivid, distorted images that are not based on sensory input
32
Which of the following activities most directly relies on the hippocampus?
Memorizing the layout of a neighborhood
33
During the high-wire act, Grace walks along a rope suspended 30 feet above the circus floor. Which of the following is most involved in helping Grace coordinate her movements and maintain her balance during the performance?
cerebellum
34
Consider the relationship between various body parts and the size of their corresponding somatosensory cortex areas in the brain. How does a body part relate to the devoted cortical area?
The more sensitive the body part, the larger the area of the somatosensory cortex.
35
When a person is suffering from severe pain, the type of drug that will best help alleviate that pain is
an opiate
36
The drugs that block the reabsorption of neurotransmitters in the synapse during neural transmission are best identified as which of the following concepts?
reuptake inhibitors
37
Below is a transcript of a case study about an individual named Arjun.
Arjun was diagnosed with epilepsy and struggled with seizures regularly. After trying multiple unsuccessful treatments, his neurologist recommended surgery that severed the connections between the two hemispheres of the brain. Arjun agreed to the surgery.
After surgery, Arjun experienced changes that were noticed during special testing in a laboratory setting by a researcher. In the laboratory, psychologists flashed different images or words to his left and right visual fields. Arjun could easily speak the names of items that were flashed to his right visual field. He could not easily speak the names of items that were flashed to this left visual field. Arjun was studied by a researcher for many years, and his experiences went unchanged. The researcher published the research with Arjun where he shared Arjun’s experience and his first and last name.
Corpus Callosum
38
Researchers examined injury reports for 480 professional football games and determined there was an association between outdoor temperature and number of concussions reported. Which of the following best describes the type of research method used in this study?
Responses
correlational
39
Dr. Cruickshank conducted a study to examine whether cerebral cortex activity in the brain would be higher during memory retrieval for a test or during the initial learning process. She conducted brain scans on 10 volunteers while they were learning a new set of vocabulary words and while they were given a test on the same vocabulary words.
temporal lobes
40
The graph depicts which of the following?
process of neural transmission
41
A certain drug reduces the activity of the central nervous system, including the hippocampus and cerebellum. It affects several neurotransmitters, most notably gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Which of the following is most like the drug in question ?
alcohol
42
Getting a headache from not having a morning coffee after substantial daily coffee consumption for several months is most likely due to which of the following concepts?
Responses
withdrawal
43
At six months of age, Byrne underwent the surgical removal of the entire left hemisphere of her brain. Which of the following concepts explains the recovery of her primary functions following such surgery?
brain plasticity
44
The following item refers to a snake frightening Ted.
Ted is hiking along a mountain trail when he sees a large snake slithering across the path ahead of him.
Which of the following brain structures is most closely associated with Ted’s fear response?
amygdala
45
Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?
reticular formation
46
Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?
nature versus nurture
47
Juana accidentally touched a hot iron. She immediately drew back her hand. Which of the following is true about the withdrawal of her hand?
it was initiated in the spiral cord.
48
Shao Mae takes medication to relieve depression. The medication increases her neural activity. However, immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation for a short time. Which of the following describes the brief time period when the neuron is unable to fire?
the refractory period
49
Based on its effects on the central nervous system, alcohol can be classified as which of the following concepts?
a depressant
50
In extreme cases, surgically severing the corpus callosum is a treatment for which of the following conditions?
epilepsy
51
A research team lesioned the lateral hypothalamus of a rat and then monitored the rat’s activity when it recovered from the surgery. Their hypothesis is likely to be that the rat would do which of the following?
show reduced eating behavior
52
What is the primary function of the brain region indicated by the arrow?
sleeping, waking, and dreaming
53
Electrically stimulating a rat’s amygdala would most likely produce which of the following?
Aggression
54
Which of the following is a primary function of the nervous system depicted in the figure?
Sending and receiving sensory and motor signals
55
Which of the following statements best describes the placebo effect?
Dr. Kennedy observed that if people expected a treatment to work, it would, even if the patient received a fake treatment.
56
The parietal lobe is most involved in which of the following processes?
processing sensory information
57
An evolutionary psychologist would explain that humans desire social interaction, social acceptance, and social affiliation due to a need for which of the following?
survival
58
Johanna, a high school senior, starts experiencing disruptions in her movement when she cannot contract certain muscles. Which of the following neurotransmitters is most likely involved in this disruption of the muscle contraction?
Acetylcholine
59
A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is
reduced inhibition
60
A person with a severe head injury subsequently acts irresponsibly, does not seem to be able to plan effectively, and is easy to anger. Which of the following brain areas is most likely injured?
Frontal lobe
61
Although his parents repeatedly warn him about the dangers of texting while driving, seventeen-year-old Marco continues to do so. Which of the following most likely explains Marco’s persistence?
Incomplete frontal lobe development
62
A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called
electroencephalography (EEG)
63
Rudy has chronic trouble staying awake in class. What part of the brain is most likely responsible for Rudy’s drowsiness?
Reticular formation