Midterms

43問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

通報

問題一覧

the study of the Earth.

Geodesy

Determination of geographic positions from measurements on artificial satellites

Satellite Geodesy

_______ ______ is the theoretical understanding of the _________, relation to the feometrical investigation

Physical Geodesy, gravity field

Deals with mathematically defined which best approximate the shape of the earth or part thereof.

Geometric Geodesy

He thought that the earth is a flat disk supporting a hemispherical sky

Homer

Homer thought that the earth is a _______ supporting a _________

flat disk, hemispherical sky

He suggested that the earth is a spherical shape on the basis that the sphere was considered a perfect shape and not from observation

Pythagoras

gave an argument that support earth is spherical

Aristotle

aristotle arguments/hypothesis

Changing horizon as one travel in various direction, Round shadow observed in lunar eclipse, Observation of ship

The first attempt at a precise determination of the size of the earth is ascribed to ________ of Egypt.

Eratosthenes

Snellius carried out measurements along a meridian in the ________

Netherlands

What did Snellius determined?

size of spherical earth

What is the shape of according according to Academie Royale des Science

prolate

The computations made from these measurements indicated that the length of the ________ ___was smaller towards the ____

meridian arc, pole

________ ______ ___ _______ was established to carry out measurements for the preparation of the accurate map of _____ and the determination of the size of the earth.

Academie Royale des Science, France

rotating earth should be flattened in the _____

poles

This would imply that as one travels towards the ______ we go _____ from the ______ of the earth.

equator, farther, center

______ observed that pendulum clocks that kept good time in Paris lose ___________ when brought to _______ near the equator in South America.

Richer, 2 ½ minutes per day, Cayene, Guiana

Expedition of Academie Royale des Science (1st) Sent: Latitude: Direction:

Peru, 1-5 °, Godin, La Condamine and Bouguer

Expedition of Academie Royale des Science (2nd) Sent: Latitude: Direction:

Lapland, 66.3, Maupertuis

Clarke Spheroid of 1866 Semi Major Semi Minor

6378206.4, 6356583.8

WGS 84 Parameters

6378137, 6356752.314

studies the theory and methods of determining latitude and longitude of a place as well as the azimuth of the direction to a trrrestrial object and local sidereal time from astronomical observation during cartographic and geodetic work.

Astronomical Geodesy

Practical Anatomy and Celestial Coordinates

Altitude-Azimuth, Right Ascension-Declination, Sidereal Hour Angle-Local Hour Angle, PZS Triangle, Methods for finding latitude, longitude, and azimuth

_____ - farthest from the sun (______)

Perihelion, January 3

________ - closest to the sun (______)

Aphelion, July 3

elliptical orbit around the sun

Winter Solstice, Spring Equinox, Summer Solstice, Autumn Equinox

Dates Winter Solstice Spring Equinox Summer Solstice Autumn Equinox

December 21, March 21, June 21, September 21

Why is Astronomy Important in Geodesy? • Because it is the ______ of all geodetic observations. • Sometimes in retracing an old description, it will reference _______. • That was determined by astronomy – or by magnetic bearing corrected for magnetic declination, which was itself measured by astronomy. • A good surveyor knows how it was done then and could still ____ it by the same methods.

foundation, true north, retrace

How does Geodesy differ from Astronomy? – Geodesy seeks to describe the size, shape, and other physical characteristics of the Earth. – Deeply related to ______, geology, _____, and physics. – Astronomical observations are all conducted relative to the ____ defined by the direction of local gravity – Geodetic calculations are all computed on the surface of an ellipsoid chosen to represent the Earth – On a perfect Earth with a perfect choice of ellipsoid there’d be no differences. – Unfortunately, _____ _____

gravity, geometry, vertical, nothing's perfect

_________ ______difference between the sum of the angles of a _________ triangle and the sum of the angles of a _____ triangle

Spherical excess, spherical, plane

Determination of position with relative reliability is the fundamental problem facing te reference frame of a ______________ and the principal purpose of the science of geodesy.

GIS

accurate determination of coordinates for points on earth, sea, or space with respect to a reference system.

Positioning

Reference surface fundamental characteristics

Mathematically defined, Closely fitting the true surface of desired location

realizes the system by means of coordinates of definite points that are accessible directly by occupation or by observation.

Reference Frame

set of prescriptions and conventions together with the modeling required to define at any time a triad of coordinate axes.

Reference System

set of parameters and constants that defines a coordinate system, including its origin and its orientation and scale, in such a way as to make these accessible for geodetic applications.

Geodetic Datum

Three types of Coordinates • _________ Coordinates is _____ defined perpendicular, based on gravity. • _________ Coordinates is mathematically defined ________, based on the reference surface, specifically ellipsoid, used for ____ ______ scale mapping and in geodesy. • _______ coordinates is mathematically defined perpendicular, based on the reference surface, typically spheres, used for _______ scale mapping.

Astronomic, physically, Geodetic, perpendicular, large and medium, Geographic, small

mathematically-defined surface that approximates the geoid, the real figure of the Earth

Reference Ellipsoid

two fixed points on the interior of the ellipse along with the vertices, used in the formal definition of the ellipse.

Foci

defined by the radius drawn from the centre of the ellipsoid to that point ”Q” on the surrounding sphere (of radius a) which is the projection parallel to the Earth's axis of a point P on the ellipsoid at latitude φ

Reduced Latitude

angle between the equatorial plane and the radius from the centre to a point on the surface.

Geocentric Latitude

angle between the normal and the equatorial plane.

Geodetic Latitude

Lecture 1 Part 1

Lecture 1 Part 1

Lecture 1 Part 2

Lecture 1 Part 2

Lecture 1 Part 3

Lecture 1 Part 3

Lecture 7 (Stream Velocities)

ユーザ名非公開 · 47問 · 1年前

Lecture 7 (Stream Velocities)

GEOE (Lecture 1-3)

GEOE (Lecture 1-3)

Laws Related to Geodetic Engineering

ユーザ名非公開 · 31問 · 1年前

Laws Related to Geodetic Engineering

31問 • 1年前

ユーザ名非公開

Geodetic Engineering Laws

ユーザ名非公開 · 10問 · 1年前

Geodetic Engineering Laws

Lesson 6

Lesson 6

Lesson 7A

Lesson 7A

Lesson 7B

Lesson 7B

Lesson 7C

Lesson 7C

Lecture 2

Lecture 2

Lecture 1

Lecture 1

Lecture 2

Lecture 2

Lesson 1

ユーザ名非公開 · 28問 · 11ヶ月前

Lesson 1

28問 • 11ヶ月前

ユーザ名非公開

History

ユーザ名非公開 · 10問 · 11ヶ月前

History

Lesson 2

Lesson 2

Lesson 3

ユーザ名非公開 · 38問 · 11ヶ月前

Lesson 3

38問 • 11ヶ月前

ユーザ名非公開

問題一覧

the study of the Earth.

Geodesy

Determination of geographic positions from measurements on artificial satellites

Satellite Geodesy

_______ ______ is the theoretical understanding of the _________, relation to the feometrical investigation

Physical Geodesy, gravity field

Deals with mathematically defined which best approximate the shape of the earth or part thereof.

Geometric Geodesy

He thought that the earth is a flat disk supporting a hemispherical sky

Homer

Homer thought that the earth is a _______ supporting a _________

flat disk, hemispherical sky

He suggested that the earth is a spherical shape on the basis that the sphere was considered a perfect shape and not from observation

Pythagoras

gave an argument that support earth is spherical

Aristotle

aristotle arguments/hypothesis

Changing horizon as one travel in various direction, Round shadow observed in lunar eclipse, Observation of ship

The first attempt at a precise determination of the size of the earth is ascribed to ________ of Egypt.

Eratosthenes

Snellius carried out measurements along a meridian in the ________

Netherlands

What did Snellius determined?

size of spherical earth

What is the shape of according according to Academie Royale des Science

prolate

The computations made from these measurements indicated that the length of the ________ ___was smaller towards the ____

meridian arc, pole

________ ______ ___ _______ was established to carry out measurements for the preparation of the accurate map of _____ and the determination of the size of the earth.

Academie Royale des Science, France

rotating earth should be flattened in the _____

poles

This would imply that as one travels towards the ______ we go _____ from the ______ of the earth.

equator, farther, center

______ observed that pendulum clocks that kept good time in Paris lose ___________ when brought to _______ near the equator in South America.

Richer, 2 ½ minutes per day, Cayene, Guiana

Expedition of Academie Royale des Science (1st) Sent: Latitude: Direction:

Peru, 1-5 °, Godin, La Condamine and Bouguer

Expedition of Academie Royale des Science (2nd) Sent: Latitude: Direction:

Lapland, 66.3, Maupertuis

Clarke Spheroid of 1866 Semi Major Semi Minor

6378206.4, 6356583.8

WGS 84 Parameters

6378137, 6356752.314

Astronomical Geodesy

Practical Anatomy and Celestial Coordinates

Altitude-Azimuth, Right Ascension-Declination, Sidereal Hour Angle-Local Hour Angle, PZS Triangle, Methods for finding latitude, longitude, and azimuth

_____ - farthest from the sun (______)

Perihelion, January 3

________ - closest to the sun (______)

Aphelion, July 3

elliptical orbit around the sun

Winter Solstice, Spring Equinox, Summer Solstice, Autumn Equinox

Dates Winter Solstice Spring Equinox Summer Solstice Autumn Equinox

December 21, March 21, June 21, September 21

foundation, true north, retrace

gravity, geometry, vertical, nothing's perfect

_________ ______difference between the sum of the angles of a _________ triangle and the sum of the angles of a _____ triangle

Spherical excess, spherical, plane

Determination of position with relative reliability is the fundamental problem facing te reference frame of a ______________ and the principal purpose of the science of geodesy.

GIS

accurate determination of coordinates for points on earth, sea, or space with respect to a reference system.

Positioning

Reference surface fundamental characteristics

Mathematically defined, Closely fitting the true surface of desired location

realizes the system by means of coordinates of definite points that are accessible directly by occupation or by observation.

Reference Frame

set of prescriptions and conventions together with the modeling required to define at any time a triad of coordinate axes.

Reference System

set of parameters and constants that defines a coordinate system, including its origin and its orientation and scale, in such a way as to make these accessible for geodetic applications.

Geodetic Datum

Astronomic, physically, Geodetic, perpendicular, large and medium, Geographic, small

mathematically-defined surface that approximates the geoid, the real figure of the Earth

Reference Ellipsoid

two fixed points on the interior of the ellipse along with the vertices, used in the formal definition of the ellipse.

Foci

Reduced Latitude

angle between the equatorial plane and the radius from the centre to a point on the surface.

Geocentric Latitude

angle between the normal and the equatorial plane.

Geodetic Latitude