The determinationof the MSL involves the installationof tide gauges at suitable places and taking one of them orthe mean of several of them as the ________

Where does dynamic height be used?

What geopotential height is a physical quantity rather than geometric quantity?

the direct result of leveling and is of great scientific importance

Measuring the heights from the local spheroid/ ellipsoid is quite a daunting task because it requires determination of the ______ of the _____ derived from _____ and _______ measurements

In the ___ leveling line of ___ (____), leading from an elevation of ___ m to ___ m, the orthometric correction is about __ cm per_ km of measured differences.

Where does the appropriate definition of height sourced from?

length of the plumbline (curved- line distance) from the geoid to the point of interest

1 GPU = _ kgal

one of the most accurate geodetic measurements.

the normal height is extended ______ from the earth’s surface it will yield the quasigeoid

The normal-orthometric height is similar to the normal heights except that the height anomaly ζ becomes the separation of the ______ and the _______

reference surface of normal orthometric height

Molodensky showed that the “ physical surface of the earth can be determined from _____ measurements alone, without using the _____ of the earth’ s crust

the arithmetic mean of hourly heights recorded from a tide gauge for a specific 19-year Metonic cycle

inconvenience of height unit given in GPU or kgal-meter of a geopotential number can be resolve by dividing it by a gravity value to convert it to meter.

the ______ height is the height above the quasigeoid the _____ height is the height above the geoid

Which one is true?

heights above MSL are carried out landward by means of __________ or _______

Normal height was introduced by ______ in ______ to avoid making assumptionsof the earth’ s crust.

Desired requirements of height system

Heights from precise leveling can be converted to dynamic heights by applying ____________

that distance, measured upwards along a plumb line (line of force), between a point and a reference surface of constant geopotential.

Heights from _________ leveling can only be physically meaningful if combined with _______ measurement.

referenced to the Earth’s gravity field

Countries that adopt normal height

What causes the misclose of a geometric leveling measured even at utmost precision?

natural “heights above sea level”, that is heights above the geoid.

uncorrected leveling heights as ______ valued, which means that the result is ______ on the path taken

Heights derived from this method are normal to the surface of the said ellipsoid.

Y↓45 = ___ gal

height anomalies ζ are plotted above the ellipsoid this will also give the _______.

This type of height is a geometric quantity

Country that adapted normal orthometric

The straight-line distance from the earth’ s surface and the telluroid is the _________

Country that adopted dynamic height

the normal height is extended downward from the earth’s surface it will yield the _______

the _____ is established by tying it to the MSL

Tide gauge inside the bays influenced by ____and ____ factors may not give the true level

____ cm²s^-2 = ____ m²s^-2

mean gravity can be computed if the actual values of gravity between the ____ and the _____can be determined.

reference value for MSL is defined at a specific ____.

Reason for unpopular use of dynamic height

Geopotential Heights and their Symbols or letters

are from a reference ellipsoid

potential difference between the potential of a point of interest and the potential of a point at the reference surface

Heights measured above the geoid

the distance from the quasigeiod to the point P on the earth’s surface along the normal plumbline.