sol

100問 • 1年前

Kenneth Edwards

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問題一覧

What is the first step of the scientific method?

Ask a question (from observations)

The___variable changes as a result of changing the independent variable.

dependent

The type of data gathered using the 5 senses.

qualitative data

A group of tissues make up a(n)___

organ

What is the total magnification if the ocular lens of a microscope is *1/1. 10x and the high power objective is 45x?

450x

When using high power to find a specimen, you never use the adjustment.

coarse adjustment

If you want to know what plant food will help plants grow best, what is *0/1 the independent variable in this experiment?

plant food

Water is a _ -molecule because it has a slightly negative end (0) and *1/1 a slightly positive end (H).

polar

Water expands when it freezes which makes ice___

float

Water is known as the___ because it dissolves many substances.

universal solvent

___ is the movement of water up thin plant tubes (caused by cohesion & adhesion)

capillary action

Vinegar is _ on the pH scale.

an acid

___ are the monomers of carbohydrates.

monosaccharides

___ are used to store long term energy in animals.

lipids

Proteins are made of _ joined together by — bonds.

amino acids; peptide

Enzymes bind to the substrate at the ___

active site

___ is the monomer of nucleic acids.

nucleotide

Which statement IS NOT part of the cell theory?

The cell divides into organelles.

is the scientist that experimented with jars of meat (covered and uncovered) to disprove spontaneous generation.

Redi

___ cells have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

Eukaryotic

is the organelle that would be quite numerous in a heart muscle because it is very active.

mitochondria

The ___ is a long, whip-like tail used for movement in some cells.

flagellum

____ is the type of diffusion involving ONLY the movement of WATER molecules.

Osmosis

— is the type of endocytosis that involves taking in solid particles.

Phagocytosis

When moving molecules across the cell membrane requires energy, it is called ___

active transport

Diffusion using carrier proteins to help molecules across the membrane without requiring energy is called ___

facilitated diffusion

Through which process(es) do living things get the energy needed for cellular activities?

cellular respiration in both plants and animals

What can go in the blank? 6C02 + 6H20__ + 602*

C6 H12 06

In what cell organelle does photosynthesis take place?

chloroplast

The graph demonstrates that the rate of photosynthesis.

increases in response to increasing light intensity but only to a certain point

During photosynthesis, the pigment traps light energy and it is changed into___energy.

chlorophyll; chemical

Which of the following environmental factors DOES NOT directly influence the rate of photosynthesis?

temperature

The light reactions of photosynthesis get energy from the sun. The Calvin cycle gets energy from ___

ATP produced in the light reactions

What is the biological importance of the molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

provides chemical energy

In what cell organelle does most of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration take place?

aerobic-mitochondria; anaerobic-cytoplasm

What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?

lactic acid and ethanol

Which of the following is NOT part of cellular respiration?

Calvin cycle

The final electron acceptor (in the electron transport chain) in aerobic respiration is

oxygen

__ is passing of characteristics from parent to offspring and __ is the branch of biology concerned with the study of heredity/genes.

heredity: genetics

___ is the term for two different alleles or a hybrid

heterozygous

All of the genes in an organism make up its _

genome

An organism's physical appearance is called their ___ (in terms of genetics)

phenotype

A phenotype that results from a dominant allele must have at least _ dominant allele(s) present in the parents.

The Genotype determines the Phenotype of a trait for a particular organism.

True

Which pedigree symbol represents a mother who has a genetic disorder (ex. albinism).

A genetic pedigree showing that only males are affected by a certain disorder is evidence of what type of inheritance?

Sex Linked Inheritance

What is the sex of the organism in karyotype B

female

A man, homozygous for Huntington's disease marries a woman who is homozygous recessive. What is the probability that their offspring will develop Huntington's disease?

100%

White-flowered snapdragons crossed with red-flowered snapdragons produce pink-flowered snapdragons. This example represents what type of inheritance?

incomplete dominance

White-feathered chickens crossed with black-feathered chickens produce checkered feathered chickens. This example represents what type of inheritance?

codominance

If you cross a red cow with a roan cow, what % of the offspring will be ROAN cows?

50%

If you cross a person who is heterozygous for type A blood and a person who is heterozygous for type B blood, what % of the offspring will have type O blood?

25%

Sex linked disorders are carried on the ___ chromosome and occur more often in ___ because they only have one X chromosome.

X; males

Many traits, such as stem length in plants or skin color in humans are controlled by two or more genes. What is this called?

polygenic inheritance

During the warm temperatures of summer, the arctic fox produces enzymes that cause its fur to become reddish-brown. During the cold temperatures of winter, these enzymes do not function. As a result, the fox has a white coat that blends into the snowy background. What explains this change in color?

The expression of certain genes is affected by temperature

A molecule containing DNA from two different organisms is known as ___

recombinant DNA

What is oldest form of genetic engineering?

Selective Breeding

What is the molecule containing DNA from 2 different species?

Recombinant DNA

Check all the terms that refer to an organism that has been genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism.

GMO,Transgenic Organism,Genetically Modified Organism

The goal of the Human Genome Project was to

Create maps showing where genes are located on human chromosomes.

Check all the items that the Human Genome Project led to.

ID people with genetic diseases and disorders.

What is the technique used with an electric current to separate DNA fragments according to size and shape?

Gel Electrophoresis

Which answer best describes cloning?

a process where many identical ells or molecules are made.

What are the bars for each individual called?

dna fingerprint

What reaction is used to create millions of copies of a DNA fragment?

PCR

Pasteur and Redi's experiments helped disprove _

spontaneious generation

___ determines the the age of rocks by comparing them with those in other layers and ___ determines the age of rocks by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes.

relative dating; radiometric dating

Scientists believe Earth *1/1 was formed about — years ago.

4.6 billion

The oldest fossils found on Earth are ___ years old and belonged to ___

3.5 billion; prokaryotes

Cyanobacteria changed Earth's early atmosphere by adding the gas _ through the process of _

oxygen; photosynthesis

The presence of ____ allowed the ozone layer to form and protect organisms on earth from ___

oxygen; UV radiation

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are both thought to have evolved through the process of ___because they have their own ___

endosymbiosis; DNA

___ is the founder of the modern evolutionary theory based on ___

Darwin; natural selection

Which of the following provides evidence for evolution?

All of the above

Which term best describes the structures shown below? (similar function-different structure)

analogous structure

Which term best describes the structures shown below? (similar structure-different function)

homologous structure

Dolphins and fish have similar traits, but these two groups of animals are very different This is an example of ___

convergent evolution

Darwin observed numerous animals on his travels to the _. The finch were one of those animals. The beak variation observed on the finch provides an example of _ or adaptive radiation.

Galapagos islands,divergent evolution

A population in genetic equilibrium ___

does not evolve

What type of natural selection favors average individuals in a population?

stabilizing selection

Industrial melanism (peppered moths) is an example of _ selection.

directional selection

An organism can change its DNA in order to become better adapted to its environment.

False

As you move up an energy pyramid, biomass, # of consumers & energy all ___

decrease

What are the first organisms that begin a food chain or web; capturing energy from sunlight?

producer

A community of organisms in an area, including abiotic factors, is a(n) ___

ecosystem

___ break down organisms by excreting enzymes and they will also recycle nutrients.

decomposers

The general term for organisms that are the first to colonize/arrive in a new environment.

pioneer species

___ is the type of succession that occurs when there is no initial soil (ex. receding glacier).

primary

What is the type of community formed after primary and secondary succession; it can include hardwood trees and large plants.

climax community

A long term relationship between organisms where one benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

commensalism

Abiotic and biotic factors that limit the size of a population are called ___

limiting factors

The single greatest threat to biodiversity throughout the biosphere ___

is habitat destruction (human alteration)

The evolutionary history of a species is called ___

phylogeny

The branch of Biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms.

taxonomy

A branching diagram scientists construct to show evolutionary relationships among organisms.

cladogram

Using the cladogram, which organisms have an amniotic egg?

primates, rodents/rabbits, crocodiles, birds

Who developed the classification system similar to the one we use today?

Linnaeus

What are the two taxonomic groups that make up binomial nomenclature?

genus,species

Check the correct ways you can use to write/type the scientific name of a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

Capitalize first word,Underline

100

What is the correct order of the taxonomic groups in order of largest to smallest.

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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問題一覧

What is the first step of the scientific method?

Ask a question (from observations)

The___variable changes as a result of changing the independent variable.

dependent

The type of data gathered using the 5 senses.

qualitative data

A group of tissues make up a(n)___

organ

What is the total magnification if the ocular lens of a microscope is *1/1. 10x and the high power objective is 45x?

450x

When using high power to find a specimen, you never use the adjustment.

coarse adjustment

If you want to know what plant food will help plants grow best, what is *0/1 the independent variable in this experiment?

plant food

Water is a _ -molecule because it has a slightly negative end (0) and *1/1 a slightly positive end (H).

polar

Water expands when it freezes which makes ice___

float

Water is known as the___ because it dissolves many substances.

universal solvent

___ is the movement of water up thin plant tubes (caused by cohesion & adhesion)

capillary action

Vinegar is _ on the pH scale.

an acid

___ are the monomers of carbohydrates.

monosaccharides

___ are used to store long term energy in animals.

lipids

Proteins are made of _ joined together by — bonds.

amino acids; peptide

Enzymes bind to the substrate at the ___

active site

___ is the monomer of nucleic acids.

nucleotide

Which statement IS NOT part of the cell theory?

The cell divides into organelles.

is the scientist that experimented with jars of meat (covered and uncovered) to disprove spontaneous generation.

Redi

___ cells have a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles.

Eukaryotic

is the organelle that would be quite numerous in a heart muscle because it is very active.

mitochondria

The ___ is a long, whip-like tail used for movement in some cells.

flagellum

____ is the type of diffusion involving ONLY the movement of WATER molecules.

Osmosis

— is the type of endocytosis that involves taking in solid particles.

Phagocytosis

When moving molecules across the cell membrane requires energy, it is called ___

active transport

Diffusion using carrier proteins to help molecules across the membrane without requiring energy is called ___

facilitated diffusion

Through which process(es) do living things get the energy needed for cellular activities?

cellular respiration in both plants and animals

What can go in the blank? 6C02 + 6H20__ + 602*

C6 H12 06

In what cell organelle does photosynthesis take place?

chloroplast

The graph demonstrates that the rate of photosynthesis.

increases in response to increasing light intensity but only to a certain point

During photosynthesis, the pigment traps light energy and it is changed into___energy.

chlorophyll; chemical

Which of the following environmental factors DOES NOT directly influence the rate of photosynthesis?

temperature

The light reactions of photosynthesis get energy from the sun. The Calvin cycle gets energy from ___

ATP produced in the light reactions

What is the biological importance of the molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

provides chemical energy

In what cell organelle does most of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration take place?

aerobic-mitochondria; anaerobic-cytoplasm

What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?

lactic acid and ethanol

Which of the following is NOT part of cellular respiration?

Calvin cycle

The final electron acceptor (in the electron transport chain) in aerobic respiration is

oxygen

__ is passing of characteristics from parent to offspring and __ is the branch of biology concerned with the study of heredity/genes.

heredity: genetics

___ is the term for two different alleles or a hybrid

heterozygous

All of the genes in an organism make up its _

genome

An organism's physical appearance is called their ___ (in terms of genetics)

phenotype

A phenotype that results from a dominant allele must have at least _ dominant allele(s) present in the parents.

The Genotype determines the Phenotype of a trait for a particular organism.

True

Which pedigree symbol represents a mother who has a genetic disorder (ex. albinism).

A genetic pedigree showing that only males are affected by a certain disorder is evidence of what type of inheritance?

Sex Linked Inheritance

What is the sex of the organism in karyotype B

female

A man, homozygous for Huntington's disease marries a woman who is homozygous recessive. What is the probability that their offspring will develop Huntington's disease?

100%

White-flowered snapdragons crossed with red-flowered snapdragons produce pink-flowered snapdragons. This example represents what type of inheritance?

incomplete dominance

White-feathered chickens crossed with black-feathered chickens produce checkered feathered chickens. This example represents what type of inheritance?

codominance

If you cross a red cow with a roan cow, what % of the offspring will be ROAN cows?

50%

If you cross a person who is heterozygous for type A blood and a person who is heterozygous for type B blood, what % of the offspring will have type O blood?

25%

Sex linked disorders are carried on the ___ chromosome and occur more often in ___ because they only have one X chromosome.

X; males

Many traits, such as stem length in plants or skin color in humans are controlled by two or more genes. What is this called?

polygenic inheritance

The expression of certain genes is affected by temperature

A molecule containing DNA from two different organisms is known as ___

recombinant DNA

What is oldest form of genetic engineering?

Selective Breeding

What is the molecule containing DNA from 2 different species?

Recombinant DNA

Check all the terms that refer to an organism that has been genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism.

GMO,Transgenic Organism,Genetically Modified Organism

The goal of the Human Genome Project was to

Create maps showing where genes are located on human chromosomes.

Check all the items that the Human Genome Project led to.

ID people with genetic diseases and disorders.

What is the technique used with an electric current to separate DNA fragments according to size and shape?

Gel Electrophoresis

Which answer best describes cloning?

a process where many identical ells or molecules are made.

What are the bars for each individual called?

dna fingerprint

What reaction is used to create millions of copies of a DNA fragment?

PCR

Pasteur and Redi's experiments helped disprove _

spontaneious generation

___ determines the the age of rocks by comparing them with those in other layers and ___ determines the age of rocks by measuring the decay of radioactive isotopes.

relative dating; radiometric dating

Scientists believe Earth *1/1 was formed about — years ago.

4.6 billion

The oldest fossils found on Earth are ___ years old and belonged to ___

3.5 billion; prokaryotes

Cyanobacteria changed Earth's early atmosphere by adding the gas _ through the process of _

oxygen; photosynthesis

The presence of ____ allowed the ozone layer to form and protect organisms on earth from ___

oxygen; UV radiation

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are both thought to have evolved through the process of ___because they have their own ___

endosymbiosis; DNA

___ is the founder of the modern evolutionary theory based on ___

Darwin; natural selection

Which of the following provides evidence for evolution?

All of the above

Which term best describes the structures shown below? (similar function-different structure)

analogous structure

Which term best describes the structures shown below? (similar structure-different function)

homologous structure

Dolphins and fish have similar traits, but these two groups of animals are very different This is an example of ___

convergent evolution

Darwin observed numerous animals on his travels to the _. The finch were one of those animals. The beak variation observed on the finch provides an example of _ or adaptive radiation.

Galapagos islands,divergent evolution

A population in genetic equilibrium ___

does not evolve

What type of natural selection favors average individuals in a population?

stabilizing selection

Industrial melanism (peppered moths) is an example of _ selection.

directional selection

An organism can change its DNA in order to become better adapted to its environment.

False

As you move up an energy pyramid, biomass, # of consumers & energy all ___

decrease

What are the first organisms that begin a food chain or web; capturing energy from sunlight?

producer

A community of organisms in an area, including abiotic factors, is a(n) ___

ecosystem

___ break down organisms by excreting enzymes and they will also recycle nutrients.

decomposers

The general term for organisms that are the first to colonize/arrive in a new environment.

pioneer species

___ is the type of succession that occurs when there is no initial soil (ex. receding glacier).

primary

What is the type of community formed after primary and secondary succession; it can include hardwood trees and large plants.

climax community

A long term relationship between organisms where one benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

commensalism

Abiotic and biotic factors that limit the size of a population are called ___

limiting factors

The single greatest threat to biodiversity throughout the biosphere ___

is habitat destruction (human alteration)

The evolutionary history of a species is called ___

phylogeny

The branch of Biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms.

taxonomy

A branching diagram scientists construct to show evolutionary relationships among organisms.

cladogram

Using the cladogram, which organisms have an amniotic egg?

primates, rodents/rabbits, crocodiles, birds

Who developed the classification system similar to the one we use today?

Linnaeus

What are the two taxonomic groups that make up binomial nomenclature?

genus,species

Check the correct ways you can use to write/type the scientific name of a bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus)

Capitalize first word,Underline

100

What is the correct order of the taxonomic groups in order of largest to smallest.

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species