Bruning

higher taxes and time limits on unemployment benefits

Nobody wanted higher taxes, left-wing parties opposed the restrictions on benefits

he failed to get the support of other moderate parties and had to ask the president to govern my decree from article 48. Used 44 times in 1931 and 66 times in 1932

1932

social and economic problems getting worse, people resorting to extremism in tough times they gained an extra 1 million voters

there was growing unemployment the value of real wages was decreasing

the middle and upper classes did not want to see the introduction of communism and would therefore be more likely to vote for the Nazis

he promised to restore law and order he wanted to restore Germany’s position on the world stage and scrap the Treaty of Versailles

he was featured prominently in Nazi posters he spoke all around the country- he even used planes to get to as many places as possible

they made them seen organised and disciplined they disrupted other party’s meetings

Big businesses - not only to fund their party, but as an alternative and a protection from communism Working-Class - their name (nationalist socialist German workers party), their posters promised work and bread, Middle-class - they had deserted the moderate parties as a result of the economic crisis, many had lost whole life savings or pensions they were afraid of communism too many wanted to see the return of a traditional German state, which had declined under the Weimar Republic e.g., sexual openness Farmers - also wanted to be protected from communism, Hitler changed the 25 point program to say that private land would only be confiscated if it was owned by Jews. Young people - the Nazi party’s rallies and displays were colourful and exciting, attracting young people Women - Hitler claimed voting for the NSDAP was the best for the country and families

Nazi appeal promised the prosper of the nation as a whole

NSDAP - 18% KDP - 13% SDP - 25%

Hindenburg stands for re election, even though he was increasingly senile, he was encouraged to run again Hindenburg gets 18 million , Hitler gets 11 million As no majority, election had to be repeated

Hindenburg - 19 million Hitler - 13 million (votes for KPD decreased)

Bruning resigns, he had enfuriated Hindenburg and land-owning conservatives by proposing buying up private land to treat the housing crisis. He also banned the SA and the SS, he wanted to control the Nazis, this enraged Hitler.

Von Schleicher, a high ranking army general, suggests Von Papen. He had been creating a coalition of right wing supporters, made of industrialists, landowners and army officers.

The coalition didnt actually ever have the public’s support, they persuaded Hindenburg that if the Nazis supported the coalition then they could govern with the presidential decree. This was against the democracy of the Weimar Republic.

The cabinet of barons

‘they are merely children who had to be led by the hand’

there was a lot of violence on the streets, mainly between the private armies of the NSDAP and the KDP, in Hamburg 19 people were killed

the Nazis won 230 seats, now largest party in the reichstag

He wanted support for the Nazis to fall, which it did, to 196 seats, from 230

Von Schleicher abandoned him, and told Hindenburg that if he continued to lead that the country would descend into civil war. Hindenburg told Von Papen to resign

Von Schleicher, he was appointed out of desperation

He never had any real political support

Hitler

Von Schleicher wanted Hindenburg to suspend the constitution and establish a military dictatorship, Hindenburg refused. Von Papen suggested that if he was appointed vice chancellor then Hitler could be chancellor and they could control him.

He never truly supported the republic and proffered the style of office when the Kaiser was in charge. therefore, he didnt mind governing by decree, as this weakened the reichstag