Quantitative

56問 • 1年前

問題一覧

It is the act of selecting a preferred course of action among alternatives (known as decision-making) are crucial parts of any organization for decision-makers should make careful evaluation of the different alternatives to determine the best alternative that would work for the company.

Quantitative Analysis

raw data are processed and manipulated to produce meaningful information is called

quantitative analysis

combination of numbers and letters

Alphanumeric

sentences and paragraphs used in written communication

Text

graphics, shapes, figures etc.

Image

human voice and other sounds

Audio

expected value

probability of an event

amount to be received for a particular event

involves looking at the best that could happen for each possible course of action and then choosing/selecting the action with the largest value.

Applying the maximax strategy (maximum of the maximums or the "best of the best)

It involves looking at the worst that could happen for each possible course of action and then choosing/selecting the action with the largest value.

Applying the maximin strategy (maximum of the minimums or the "best of the worst")

It involves calculating the average of each alternative and then choosing/selecting the alternative with the largest average.

Applying the Laplace strategy

It involves multiplying the best outcome in the row by the given value of a, multiplying the worst outcome in the row by 1-a, and adding the two (2) result together.

Applying Hurwicz strategy with a as coefficient of realism

It involves computing an opportunistic loss (or regret) of each alternative by simply subtracting the entry from that of the highest column value and selecting the maximum regret value of each row.

Applying the minimax regret strategy

It is about attributes and properties; information that can't actually be measured.

Qualitative data

involves some kind of order or scale (such as low to high or high to low) relationship among the variable's observations.

Ordinal data

It is an open discussion group of about 6-8 participants led by a neutral moderator or facilitator.

Focus group

It is the process of gathering open-ended, firsthand information by observing an object or a phenomenon in a certain way.

Observation

It is a purposeful discussion between two (2) or more people by asking questions directly from respondents, either face-to- face or by telephone.

Interview

This involves materials such as newspapers.

Archival Materials

It is the data that can be measured and expressed in numerical terms. It is concerned with measurements like height, weight, volume, length, size, humidity, speed, age etc.

Quantitative data

reflects a number obtained by counting.

Discrete data

could be divided and reduced to finer and finer levels.

Continuous data

is a data which not only classifies and orders the measurements, but also specifies the exact differences between the values.

Interval data

tell us the exact value between units and also have an absolute zero.

Ratio data

It is used to collect/gather information from a group of people by employing printed questionnaires mailed to large samples, though it can also be done through the telephone.

Survey

deliberately assigns subjects to various treatments for studying the reasons for changes in the output responses).

Experiment study

collect data in a way that does not directly interfere with how the data arise, i.e. merely "observe".

observational study

is usually sensitive data such as cash flows and turnovers, hence, it is not open for public research.

Accounting data

We tend to manipulate data according to our own purposes to make it look "good and clean".

Validity of data

This requires manipulation of the model variables in order to determine the solution that is practical and can be implemented.

Develop a solution

It involves examining the collected information in ways that reveal the relationships, patterns, trends, etc. that can be found within it.

Analyzing data

It allows a series of "what-if" questions to be answered for it determine possible changes in the various parameters of the original problem.

Sensitivity analysis

There is a false notion in us that if someone thinks complicatedly or elaborately thinks well.

Hard to understand mathematics

QA models tend to give one solution to a problem.

Only one answer is limiting

what do you hope to gain from your survey?

Determine the goal of your survey

whom will you interview?

Identify the sample population

This is important if there is more than one piece of information you are looking for.

Decide what questions to ask in what order, and how to phrase them

Now that the data has been collected, suitable graphs can be made to show the results to other people in the best possible way.

Analyze the results by making graphs and drawing conclusions

specific question or problem that you are trying to explain or solve in an experiment using the language of cause and effect relationship.

Experiment idea

Gather information about the problem/question to know something about it.

Experiment planning

It is the factor that causes a change in the dependent variable.

Independent variables

It is what we hope to change through the experiment.

Dependent variables

This is when each person or object upon which the treatment is applied is assigned to a treatment completely at random.

Completely Randomized device

This is when the person or object upon which the treatment is applied are paired up and each of the pair is assigned to a different treatment.

Match-pair design

This is used when the person or object upon which the treatment is applied are divided into homogeneous groups called blocks.

Randomized Block design

It occurs when causal relationship between the variables being studied can be determined.

Internal validity

occurs when conclusions can be generalized to other people, times and contexts.

External Validity

It demonstrates that the assessment is actually measuring the quality of an instrument or experimental design.

Construct validity

It occurs when a relationship of some kind between the two variables being examined can be found.

Conclusion Validity

It is concerned with preparing the subjects as well as the material needed (e. g., data collection forms).

Preparation

It is concerned with ensuring that the experiment is conducted according to the plan and design of the experiment, which includes data collection.

Execution

It is concerned with ensuring that the actual collected data is correct and provide a valid picture of the experiment.

Data validation

provides information about the properties of the produced data and allow readers to understand important things about it from a single glance.

Decriptive statistics

allows us to estimate how likely it is that our results were produced by chance rather than a genuine experimental effect.

Hyphothesis Testing

This includes primarily documentation of the results, which can be made either through a research paper for publication, a lab package for replication purposes or as part of a company's experience base.

Presentation and package

REVIEWER FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

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REVIEWER FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

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QM ( MIDTERM )

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QM ( MIDTERM )

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Dominic Alix

問題一覧

Quantitative Analysis

raw data are processed and manipulated to produce meaningful information is called

quantitative analysis

combination of numbers and letters

Alphanumeric

sentences and paragraphs used in written communication

Text

graphics, shapes, figures etc.

Image

human voice and other sounds

Audio

expected value

probability of an event

amount to be received for a particular event

involves looking at the best that could happen for each possible course of action and then choosing/selecting the action with the largest value.

Applying the maximax strategy (maximum of the maximums or the "best of the best)

It involves looking at the worst that could happen for each possible course of action and then choosing/selecting the action with the largest value.

Applying the maximin strategy (maximum of the minimums or the "best of the worst")

It involves calculating the average of each alternative and then choosing/selecting the alternative with the largest average.

Applying the Laplace strategy

It involves multiplying the best outcome in the row by the given value of a, multiplying the worst outcome in the row by 1-a, and adding the two (2) result together.

Applying Hurwicz strategy with a as coefficient of realism

It involves computing an opportunistic loss (or regret) of each alternative by simply subtracting the entry from that of the highest column value and selecting the maximum regret value of each row.

Applying the minimax regret strategy

It is about attributes and properties; information that can't actually be measured.

Qualitative data

involves some kind of order or scale (such as low to high or high to low) relationship among the variable's observations.

Ordinal data

It is an open discussion group of about 6-8 participants led by a neutral moderator or facilitator.

Focus group

It is the process of gathering open-ended, firsthand information by observing an object or a phenomenon in a certain way.

Observation

It is a purposeful discussion between two (2) or more people by asking questions directly from respondents, either face-to- face or by telephone.

Interview

This involves materials such as newspapers.

Archival Materials

It is the data that can be measured and expressed in numerical terms. It is concerned with measurements like height, weight, volume, length, size, humidity, speed, age etc.

Quantitative data

reflects a number obtained by counting.

Discrete data

could be divided and reduced to finer and finer levels.

Continuous data

is a data which not only classifies and orders the measurements, but also specifies the exact differences between the values.

Interval data

tell us the exact value between units and also have an absolute zero.

Ratio data

It is used to collect/gather information from a group of people by employing printed questionnaires mailed to large samples, though it can also be done through the telephone.

Survey

deliberately assigns subjects to various treatments for studying the reasons for changes in the output responses).

Experiment study

collect data in a way that does not directly interfere with how the data arise, i.e. merely "observe".

observational study

is usually sensitive data such as cash flows and turnovers, hence, it is not open for public research.

Accounting data

We tend to manipulate data according to our own purposes to make it look "good and clean".

Validity of data

This requires manipulation of the model variables in order to determine the solution that is practical and can be implemented.

Develop a solution

It involves examining the collected information in ways that reveal the relationships, patterns, trends, etc. that can be found within it.

Analyzing data

It allows a series of "what-if" questions to be answered for it determine possible changes in the various parameters of the original problem.

Sensitivity analysis

There is a false notion in us that if someone thinks complicatedly or elaborately thinks well.

Hard to understand mathematics

QA models tend to give one solution to a problem.

Only one answer is limiting

what do you hope to gain from your survey?

Determine the goal of your survey

whom will you interview?

Identify the sample population

This is important if there is more than one piece of information you are looking for.

Decide what questions to ask in what order, and how to phrase them

Now that the data has been collected, suitable graphs can be made to show the results to other people in the best possible way.

Analyze the results by making graphs and drawing conclusions

specific question or problem that you are trying to explain or solve in an experiment using the language of cause and effect relationship.

Experiment idea

Gather information about the problem/question to know something about it.

Experiment planning

It is the factor that causes a change in the dependent variable.

Independent variables

It is what we hope to change through the experiment.

Dependent variables

This is when each person or object upon which the treatment is applied is assigned to a treatment completely at random.

Completely Randomized device

This is when the person or object upon which the treatment is applied are paired up and each of the pair is assigned to a different treatment.

Match-pair design

This is used when the person or object upon which the treatment is applied are divided into homogeneous groups called blocks.

Randomized Block design

It occurs when causal relationship between the variables being studied can be determined.

Internal validity

occurs when conclusions can be generalized to other people, times and contexts.

External Validity

It demonstrates that the assessment is actually measuring the quality of an instrument or experimental design.

Construct validity

It occurs when a relationship of some kind between the two variables being examined can be found.

Conclusion Validity

It is concerned with preparing the subjects as well as the material needed (e. g., data collection forms).

Preparation

It is concerned with ensuring that the experiment is conducted according to the plan and design of the experiment, which includes data collection.

Execution

It is concerned with ensuring that the actual collected data is correct and provide a valid picture of the experiment.

Data validation

provides information about the properties of the produced data and allow readers to understand important things about it from a single glance.

Decriptive statistics

allows us to estimate how likely it is that our results were produced by chance rather than a genuine experimental effect.

Hyphothesis Testing

Presentation and package