問題一覧
1
Raw facts or facts that have not yet been processed to reveal their meaning to the end user
data
2
The result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning
Information
3
Is a shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of end user data and metadata.
Database
4
What are the two collection of database?
End user data and Metadata
5
Is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the dara stores in the database.
Database Management System ( DBMS )
6
The DBMS serves as the intermediary between the user and the database.
Improved data sharing
7
The more users access the data, the greater the risks of data security breaches.
Improved data security
8
Wider access to well managed data promotes an integrated view of the organizations operations and a clearer view of the big picture.
Better data integration
9
Data inconsistency exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places.
Minimized data inconsistency
10
The DBMS makes it possible to produce quick answers to ad hoc queries
Improved data access
11
Better managed data and improved data access make it possible to generate better-quality information, on which better decisions are based.
Improved decision making
12
The availability of data, combined with the tools that transform data into usable information, empowers end users to make quick, informed decisions that can make the differences berween success and failure in the global economy.
Increased end user productivity.
13
Database that supports only one user at a time.
Single user database
14
A single user data base that runs in a personal computer
desktop data base
15
A type of data base that supports multiple users at the same time.
Multiuser database
16
A type of database that supports a relatively small number of users or a specific department within an organization
workgroup database
17
A type of database that is used by the entire organization and supports many users across many departments
enterprise database
18
A type of database that supports data located at a single site.
Centralized data base
19
A type of database that supports data distributed across several different sites.
Distributed database
20
A database that is created and maintained using cloud services, such as microsoft Azure or amazon AWS
Cloud database
21
Contains a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines.
General-purpose database
22
Contains data focused on specific subject areas
Discipline specific database
23
Designed primarily to support a companys day to dat operations
Operational database
24
Focused primarily on storing histroical data and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making.
Analytical database
25
refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and mange end-user data.
Database Design
26
a definite improvement over the manual system, and the file system served as useful purpose in data management for over two (2) decades.
The file system method of organizing and managing data
27
The first and most glaring problem with the file system approach is that even the simplest data-retrieval task requires extensive programming.
Lengthy development times
28
The need to write programs to produce even the simplest reports makes ad hoc queries impossible.
Difficulty of getting quick answers
29
System administration becomes more difficult as the number of files in the system expands.
Complex system administration
30
Another fault of a file system data repository is a lack of security and limited data sharing.
Lack of security and limited data sharing
31
Making changes to an existing file structure can be difficult in a file system environment.
Extensive programming
32
A data characteristic in which a change in the database schema affects data access, thus requiring changes in all access programs.
Structural dependence
33
A data characteristic in which changes in the database schema do not affect data access.
Structural independence
34
A data condition in which data representation and manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics.
Data dependence
35
A condition in which data access is unaffected by changes in the physical data storage characteristics.
Data independence
36
It exists when the same data is stored unnecessarily at different places.
Data redundancy
37
Having multiple copies of data increases the chances for a copy of the data to be susceptible to unauthorized access.
Poor data security
38
exists when different and conflicting versions for the same data appear in different places.
Data inconsistency
39
more likely to occur when complex entries are made in several different files or recur frequently in one or more files.
Data-entry errors
40
It is possible to enter a nonexistent sales agent's name and phone number into the Customer file, but customers are not likely to be impressed if the insurance agency supplies the name and phone number of an agent who does not exist.
Data integrity problems
41
-A data abnormality in which inconsistent changes have been made to a database.
-A data anomaly develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made successfully.
Data Anomalies
42
focuses on how the database structure will be used to store and manage end-user data.
Database design
43
is relatively simple representation, usually graphical, of more complex real-world data structures.
Data model
44
It is a person, place, thing, or event about which data will be collected and stored.
Entity
45
It is a characteristic of an entity.
Attribute
46
It describes an association among entities.
Relationships
47
Data models can facilitate interaction among the designer, the applications programmer, and the end user.
Importance of Database Models
48
The quest for better data management has led to several models that attempt to resolve the previous model's critical shortcomings and to provide solutions to ever-evolving data management needs.
Evolution of Data Models
49
-It was developed in the 1960s to manage large amounts of data for complex manufacturing projects.
-The model's basic logical structure is represented by an upside-down tree. It contains levels, or segments.
-Segment is the equivalent of a file system's record type.
Hierarchical Model
50
It was created to represent complex data relationships more effectively than the hierarchical model, to improve database performance, and to impose a database standard.
- The network database model is generally used today, the standard database concepts that emerged with the network model are still used by modern data models
Network Model
51
It is the conceptual organization of the entire database as viewed by the database administrator.
Schema
52
it defines the portion of the database toy the application programs that actualy produce the.
desired information from the data in the database.
Subschema
53
It defines the environment in which data can be managed
Data Manipulation Language
54
It allows the database administrator to define the schema components.
Data Definition Language
55
It was introduced in 1970 by E. F. Codd of IBM.
The relational model represented a major breakthrough for both users and designers.
The foundation of mathematical concept is known as a relation.
Relational Model
56
It was introduced in 1976 by Peter Chen.
Entity Relationship Model
57
Increasingly complex real-world problems demonstrated a need for a data model that more closely represented the real world.
Object-oriented Model
58
A metalanguage used to represent and manipulate data elements.
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
59
It refers to a movement to find new and better ways to manage large amounts of web and sensor-generated data and derive business insight from it, while simultaneously providing high performance and scalability at a reasonable cost.
Big data
60
It refer to the amounts of data being stored.
Volume
61
It refers not only to the speed with which data grows but also to the need to process this data quickly in order to generate information and insight.
Velocity
62
It refers to the fact that the data being collected comes in multiple different data formats.
Variety
63
It is a large-scale distributed database system that stores structured and unstructured data in efficient ways.
NoSQL
64
One of the big advantages of NoSQL databases is that they generally use a distributed database node.
NoSQL supports distributed database architecture
65
NoSQL databases can handle very high volumes of data. In particular, they are suited for sparse data - that is, for cases in which the number of attributes is very large but the number of actual data instances is low.
NoSQL supports very large amounts of sparse data
66
True to its web origins, NoSQL databases are designed to support web operations, such as the ability to add capacity in the form of nodes to the distributed database when the demand is high, and to do it transparently and without downtime.
NoSQL provides high scalability, high availability, and fault tolerance
67
One of the biggest problems if very large distributed databases are enforcing data consistency.
Most NoSQL databases are geared toward performance rather than transactions consistency
68
It is the end user's view of the data environment.
It refers to people who use the application programs to manipulate the data and generate information.
- ER diagrams will be used to represent the external views.
External Model
69
It represents a global view of the entire database by the entire organization.
Conceptual Model
70
it is the basis for the identification and high-level description of the main data objects.
Conceptual Schema
71
It is the representation of the database as "seen" by the DBMS.
It requires the designer to match the conceptual mode's characteristics and constraints to those of the selected
implementation model.
Internal Model
72
depicts a specific representation of an internal model, using the database constructs supported by the chosen database.
Internal Schema
73
operates at the lowest level of abstraction, describing the way data is saved on storage media such as magnetic, solid state, or optical media.
Physical Model
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5問 • 11ヶ月前問題一覧
1
Raw facts or facts that have not yet been processed to reveal their meaning to the end user
data
2
The result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning
Information
3
Is a shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of end user data and metadata.
Database
4
What are the two collection of database?
End user data and Metadata
5
Is a collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the dara stores in the database.
Database Management System ( DBMS )
6
The DBMS serves as the intermediary between the user and the database.
Improved data sharing
7
The more users access the data, the greater the risks of data security breaches.
Improved data security
8
Wider access to well managed data promotes an integrated view of the organizations operations and a clearer view of the big picture.
Better data integration
9
Data inconsistency exists when different versions of the same data appear in different places.
Minimized data inconsistency
10
The DBMS makes it possible to produce quick answers to ad hoc queries
Improved data access
11
Better managed data and improved data access make it possible to generate better-quality information, on which better decisions are based.
Improved decision making
12
The availability of data, combined with the tools that transform data into usable information, empowers end users to make quick, informed decisions that can make the differences berween success and failure in the global economy.
Increased end user productivity.
13
Database that supports only one user at a time.
Single user database
14
A single user data base that runs in a personal computer
desktop data base
15
A type of data base that supports multiple users at the same time.
Multiuser database
16
A type of database that supports a relatively small number of users or a specific department within an organization
workgroup database
17
A type of database that is used by the entire organization and supports many users across many departments
enterprise database
18
A type of database that supports data located at a single site.
Centralized data base
19
A type of database that supports data distributed across several different sites.
Distributed database
20
A database that is created and maintained using cloud services, such as microsoft Azure or amazon AWS
Cloud database
21
Contains a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines.
General-purpose database
22
Contains data focused on specific subject areas
Discipline specific database
23
Designed primarily to support a companys day to dat operations
Operational database
24
Focused primarily on storing histroical data and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making.
Analytical database
25
refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and mange end-user data.
Database Design
26
a definite improvement over the manual system, and the file system served as useful purpose in data management for over two (2) decades.
The file system method of organizing and managing data
27
The first and most glaring problem with the file system approach is that even the simplest data-retrieval task requires extensive programming.
Lengthy development times
28
The need to write programs to produce even the simplest reports makes ad hoc queries impossible.
Difficulty of getting quick answers
29
System administration becomes more difficult as the number of files in the system expands.
Complex system administration
30
Another fault of a file system data repository is a lack of security and limited data sharing.
Lack of security and limited data sharing
31
Making changes to an existing file structure can be difficult in a file system environment.
Extensive programming
32
A data characteristic in which a change in the database schema affects data access, thus requiring changes in all access programs.
Structural dependence
33
A data characteristic in which changes in the database schema do not affect data access.
Structural independence
34
A data condition in which data representation and manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics.
Data dependence
35
A condition in which data access is unaffected by changes in the physical data storage characteristics.
Data independence
36
It exists when the same data is stored unnecessarily at different places.
Data redundancy
37
Having multiple copies of data increases the chances for a copy of the data to be susceptible to unauthorized access.
Poor data security
38
exists when different and conflicting versions for the same data appear in different places.
Data inconsistency
39
more likely to occur when complex entries are made in several different files or recur frequently in one or more files.
Data-entry errors
40
It is possible to enter a nonexistent sales agent's name and phone number into the Customer file, but customers are not likely to be impressed if the insurance agency supplies the name and phone number of an agent who does not exist.
Data integrity problems
41
-A data abnormality in which inconsistent changes have been made to a database.
-A data anomaly develops when not all of the required changes in the redundant data are made successfully.
Data Anomalies
42
focuses on how the database structure will be used to store and manage end-user data.
Database design
43
is relatively simple representation, usually graphical, of more complex real-world data structures.
Data model
44
It is a person, place, thing, or event about which data will be collected and stored.
Entity
45
It is a characteristic of an entity.
Attribute
46
It describes an association among entities.
Relationships
47
Data models can facilitate interaction among the designer, the applications programmer, and the end user.
Importance of Database Models
48
The quest for better data management has led to several models that attempt to resolve the previous model's critical shortcomings and to provide solutions to ever-evolving data management needs.
Evolution of Data Models
49
-It was developed in the 1960s to manage large amounts of data for complex manufacturing projects.
-The model's basic logical structure is represented by an upside-down tree. It contains levels, or segments.
-Segment is the equivalent of a file system's record type.
Hierarchical Model
50
It was created to represent complex data relationships more effectively than the hierarchical model, to improve database performance, and to impose a database standard.
- The network database model is generally used today, the standard database concepts that emerged with the network model are still used by modern data models
Network Model
51
It is the conceptual organization of the entire database as viewed by the database administrator.
Schema
52
it defines the portion of the database toy the application programs that actualy produce the.
desired information from the data in the database.
Subschema
53
It defines the environment in which data can be managed
Data Manipulation Language
54
It allows the database administrator to define the schema components.
Data Definition Language
55
It was introduced in 1970 by E. F. Codd of IBM.
The relational model represented a major breakthrough for both users and designers.
The foundation of mathematical concept is known as a relation.
Relational Model
56
It was introduced in 1976 by Peter Chen.
Entity Relationship Model
57
Increasingly complex real-world problems demonstrated a need for a data model that more closely represented the real world.
Object-oriented Model
58
A metalanguage used to represent and manipulate data elements.
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
59
It refers to a movement to find new and better ways to manage large amounts of web and sensor-generated data and derive business insight from it, while simultaneously providing high performance and scalability at a reasonable cost.
Big data
60
It refer to the amounts of data being stored.
Volume
61
It refers not only to the speed with which data grows but also to the need to process this data quickly in order to generate information and insight.
Velocity
62
It refers to the fact that the data being collected comes in multiple different data formats.
Variety
63
It is a large-scale distributed database system that stores structured and unstructured data in efficient ways.
NoSQL
64
One of the big advantages of NoSQL databases is that they generally use a distributed database node.
NoSQL supports distributed database architecture
65
NoSQL databases can handle very high volumes of data. In particular, they are suited for sparse data - that is, for cases in which the number of attributes is very large but the number of actual data instances is low.
NoSQL supports very large amounts of sparse data
66
True to its web origins, NoSQL databases are designed to support web operations, such as the ability to add capacity in the form of nodes to the distributed database when the demand is high, and to do it transparently and without downtime.
NoSQL provides high scalability, high availability, and fault tolerance
67
One of the biggest problems if very large distributed databases are enforcing data consistency.
Most NoSQL databases are geared toward performance rather than transactions consistency
68
It is the end user's view of the data environment.
It refers to people who use the application programs to manipulate the data and generate information.
- ER diagrams will be used to represent the external views.
External Model
69
It represents a global view of the entire database by the entire organization.
Conceptual Model
70
it is the basis for the identification and high-level description of the main data objects.
Conceptual Schema
71
It is the representation of the database as "seen" by the DBMS.
It requires the designer to match the conceptual mode's characteristics and constraints to those of the selected
implementation model.
Internal Model
72
depicts a specific representation of an internal model, using the database constructs supported by the chosen database.
Internal Schema
73
operates at the lowest level of abstraction, describing the way data is saved on storage media such as magnetic, solid state, or optical media.
Physical Model