Bio 8

26問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true?

enzymes and substrates are not very specific for each other

Enzymes are catalysts. How do enzymes increase the reaction rate?

Lower the activation energy required for the reaction

The enzyme amylase begins reacting with starch during the chewing of food. When the food enters the stomach, amylase is no longer active and starch decomposition stops. When the food leaves the stomach and enters the small intestine, starch decomposition continues. Why is amylase inactive in the stomach?

The pH of the stomach is not optimum for amylase.

Which statement describes the process of facilitated diffusion across a plasma membrane using protein channels?

Substances move from high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy.

Catalase us a class of enzyme which acts on the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide: How does catalase alter this reaction?

Catalase speeds up the reaction.

Which best describes how enzymes function in the body?

Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.

Which enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases in DNA replication?

helicase

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a particular amino acid. Where would you find a codon?

on mRNA

Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?

There are 20 amino acids but more than 20 codons.

Energy is produced through the process of cellular respiration in all living organisms. Aerobic respiration occurs through the use of oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen. Which statement about anaerobic respiration is correct?

Anaerobic respiration yields less energy than aerobic respiration.

How does the reduction in activation energy by an enzyme affect a chemical reaction?

The reaction proceeds at a faster rate

The diagram represents a pathway of enzyme activity. Which statement best describes the enzyme-substrate interaction?

The final product of the reaction regulates enzyme 1 activity.

Cells that line the intestines break down food and absorb nutrients. Red blood cells carry oxygen needed for cellular respiration. Neuron cells send impulses required for muscle contraction. The cells in your body perform different functions because....

The mRNAs and proteins produced from the DNA are different in different cell types

Which three statements correctly describe the roles of RNA molecules in the process of transcription and translation in animal cells?

Messenger RNA molecules carry genetic information from the gene in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm., Transfer RNA molecules carry the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide., Ribosomal RNA molecules function in the assembly of the ribosome-mRNA complex and in the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids in the growing polypeptide.

When glucose is broken down, carbon dioxide is produced, which results in more carbon dioxide inside the cell than outside the cell. The carbon dioxide then diffuses out of the cell. Which statement best describes the movement of carbon dioxide by diffusion?

The carbon dioxide can move through the plasma membrane by moving down the concentration gradient.

A student is explaining how DNA is used to make proteins. What should be included in the student's explanation? Choose 3.

During transcription, DNA is used as a template to make a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA) which then leaves the nucleus and goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm., During translation, the genetic code in mRNA is read and used to put amino acids in place to make a protein., DNA contains all of the instructions an organism needs to live. DNA sequences must be converted into messages that can be used to produce proteins which do most of the work in our bodies.

DNA is a biological polymer used for both information storage and transmission. It is made of four simple building blocks called nitrogen bases, yet these four building blocks provide the information necessary to build any and all organisms. Nucleic acids are made up of smaller subunits called nucleotides. The parts of a DNA nucleotide include deoxyribose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base. DNA has four nitrogen bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). In DNA, nucleotides combine to form two long chains similar to a ladder that has twisted into a spiral or a double helix. The two strands of nucleotides are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen-containing bases. The hydrogen bonding in DNA allows for only certain base pairings: adenine bonds with thymine (A-T), and guanine bonds with cytosine (G-C). DNA carries information in a triplet code; each sequence of three nucleotides codes either for a particular amino acid, or indicates the beginning or end of a sequence. During mitosis or meiosis, DNA replicates itself or makes exact copies using the specific base pairings. The DNA code is used for protein synthesis as well. The DNA code is carried out in the nucleus via mRNA. The transcribed code is taken to the ribosome where translation takes place and the DNA code is translated into specific proteins. This process, overall, is referred to as central dogma. Choose all of the correct statements concerning DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis. (Choose 3)

To ensure genetic continuity during cellular growth and repair, DNA makes exact copies of itself through replication., Both DNA and RNA are composed of subunits called nucleotides., In the nucleus, the cell copies the DNA blueprint to mRNA during the process of transcription.

A Cell with 1% solute concentration is placed in a beaker with 5% solute concentration. What will happen to this cell over time?

The cell will lose H2O and shrink.

Recall the three tenets of cell theory. Which of these statements can be used to determine that viruses are non-living?

Are not composed of cells

Which biological polymer consists of many simple monosaccharides joined together?

Cellulose

Water molecules are polar, with the

Oxygen side being slightly negative, and the hydrogen side being slightly positive.

Carbon is different from many other elements in that (select 3)

it has four electrons in its outermost energy level, it can form single, double, or triple bonds with other atoms, it readily bonds with other carbon atoms

_______________ is the pigment that absorbs light in the light dependent reaction that occurs in the ____________

chlorophyll, thylakoid

The cells in the tubes have a normal concentration of .9% NaCl. Which of the following is correct?

the 10% NaCl is a hypertonic solution

Both passive and active transport keeps cells functioning. Which of the following is a form of passive transport?

facilitated diffusion

As a cell grows, the ________________ decreases and the cell must divide or die.

surface area to volume ratio

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ユーザ名非公開 · 24問 · 11ヶ月前

bio 13

24問 • 11ヶ月前

ユーザ名非公開

問題一覧

Which of the following statements about enzymes is NOT true?

enzymes and substrates are not very specific for each other

Enzymes are catalysts. How do enzymes increase the reaction rate?

Lower the activation energy required for the reaction

The pH of the stomach is not optimum for amylase.

Which statement describes the process of facilitated diffusion across a plasma membrane using protein channels?

Substances move from high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy.

Catalase us a class of enzyme which acts on the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide: How does catalase alter this reaction?

Catalase speeds up the reaction.

Which best describes how enzymes function in the body?

Enzymes lower the activation energy of reactions.

Which enzyme breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases in DNA replication?

helicase

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a particular amino acid. Where would you find a codon?

on mRNA

Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?

There are 20 amino acids but more than 20 codons.

Anaerobic respiration yields less energy than aerobic respiration.

How does the reduction in activation energy by an enzyme affect a chemical reaction?

The reaction proceeds at a faster rate

The diagram represents a pathway of enzyme activity. Which statement best describes the enzyme-substrate interaction?

The final product of the reaction regulates enzyme 1 activity.

The mRNAs and proteins produced from the DNA are different in different cell types

Which three statements correctly describe the roles of RNA molecules in the process of transcription and translation in animal cells?

The carbon dioxide can move through the plasma membrane by moving down the concentration gradient.

A student is explaining how DNA is used to make proteins. What should be included in the student's explanation? Choose 3.

A Cell with 1% solute concentration is placed in a beaker with 5% solute concentration. What will happen to this cell over time?

The cell will lose H2O and shrink.

Recall the three tenets of cell theory. Which of these statements can be used to determine that viruses are non-living?

Are not composed of cells

Which biological polymer consists of many simple monosaccharides joined together?

Cellulose

Water molecules are polar, with the

Oxygen side being slightly negative, and the hydrogen side being slightly positive.

Carbon is different from many other elements in that (select 3)

it has four electrons in its outermost energy level, it can form single, double, or triple bonds with other atoms, it readily bonds with other carbon atoms

_______________ is the pigment that absorbs light in the light dependent reaction that occurs in the ____________

chlorophyll, thylakoid

The cells in the tubes have a normal concentration of .9% NaCl. Which of the following is correct?

the 10% NaCl is a hypertonic solution

Both passive and active transport keeps cells functioning. Which of the following is a form of passive transport?

facilitated diffusion

As a cell grows, the ________________ decreases and the cell must divide or die.

surface area to volume ratio