The light reactions occur in the __________ of the chloroplast, while the Calvin cycle occurs in the ________ of the chloroplast.

In the light reactions of photosynthesis, hydrogen ions are pumped from the stroma (low concentration) to the thylakoid space (high concentration). Because the hydrogen ions are moving from a low concentration to a high concentration, this is an example of active transport. Active transport requires energy. What is the source of energy for this example?

In the light reactions, ATP is synthesized when hydrogen ions move down the concentration gradient through the enzyme ATP synthase. What type of transport is this?

The creation of a proton (H+) gradient is an important event in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. In chloroplasts, protons are actively transported from the stroma, where there is a low concentration of protons, to the thylakoid interior space. The resulting concentration gradient allows for the diffusion of the protons back to the stroma through the protein complex known as ATP synthase. This allows for the building of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. Which of the following statements accurately describe the events that occur in the chloroplast?

The creation of a proton (H+) gradient is an important event in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. In chloroplasts, protons are actively transported from the stroma, where there is a low concentration of protons, to the thylakoid interior space. The resulting concentration gradient allows for the diffusion of the protons back to the stroma through the protein complex known as ATP synthase. This allows for the building of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. Which of the following statements are true? I. Pumping of protons into the thylakoid interior space requires ATP II. The movement of protons back through ATP synthase would be considered facilitated diffusion III. The movement of protons back through ATP synthase requires ATP

The creation of a proton (H+) gradient is an important event in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. In chloroplasts, protons are actively transported from the stroma, where there is a low concentration of protons, to the thylakoid interior space. The resulting concentration gradient allows for the diffusion of the protons back to the stroma through the protein complex known as ATP synthase. This allows for the building of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The splitting of a water molecule into molecular oxygen is a result of light hitting photosystem II. Oxygen gas is important for cellular respiration in all aerobic organisms. Oxygen gas is able to leave the chloroplast and plant cell through what process?

The cell cycle is a highly regulated series of events that characterize how a cell functions, grows and eventually divides. Within the cell cycle, proper chromosome duplication and faithful passing on to daughter cells is essential to ensure the next generation of cells function properly. Missteps along the pathway can lead to abnormal cell growth and cancer, which can have dire consequences for the organism. Consider the images of the onion root tip during different stages. What statements properly matches images A, C and E with the most likely stage of the cell cycle they are in?

The cell cycle is a highly regulated series of events that characterize how a cell functions, grows and eventually divides. Within the cell cycle, proper chromosome duplication and faithful passing on to daughter cells is essential to ensure the next generation of cells function properly. Missteps along the pathway can lead to abnormal cell growth and cancer, which can have dire consequences for the organism. Consider the graph in figure 1 below. Which of the following statements is true?

The cell cycle is a highly regulated series of events that characterize how a cell functions, grows and eventually divides. Within the cell cycle, proper chromosome duplication and faithful passing on to daughter cells is essential to ensure the next generation of cells function properly. Missteps along the pathway can lead to abnormal cell growth and cancer, which can have dire consequences for the organism. Consider the following statements: I. Cell growth has limitations II. Cells with a small surface area to volume ratio are optimal III. Smaller cells have a larger surface area to volume ratio IV. Smaller cells are less efficient at transport of materials in and out of the cell Which of the above statements are true?

According to the model of photosynthesis above, which situation(s) will likely lead to larger production of oxygen from plants? I. Sunny Days II. A drought III. Herbicide to decrease weeds IV. Use of pesticides on plants and trees

Imagine it is summer. There is a drought. How will the summer drought affect photosynthesis?

During photosynthesis, sugar C6H12O6 is produced from carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. Which statement BEST explains what happens during photosynthesis?

A cell with 1% solute concentration is placed in a beaker with a 5% solute concentration. What will happen to this cell over time?

The process of photosynthesis can be represented by the chemical formula

Recall the three tenets of the cell theory. Which of these statements can be used to determine that viruses are non-living?

The overall equation for cellular respiration is

The main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is

The most ATP is produced during

A diagram of a mitochondrion is provided. The steps of aerobic cellular respiration include: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain (ETC). Which of the following answer choices has the correct locations of each of these steps in the correct order?

Heterotrophs take in mass in the form of food. Food is either used to build molecules within the body or as fuel for cellular respiration. If used for cellular respiration, this mass will eventually be converted into carbon dioxide, _________, and ____________.

Based on the illustration, what happens to most of the mass gained by the plant cell through photosynthesis?