Chapter 50 PT 2

50 QUESTIONS

Chapter 50 PT 2

50問 • 1年前50 QUESTIONS

問題一覧

A nurse explains that type 1 diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the body does not produce enough insulin. What statement provides the reason that blood glucose is elevated?

Destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas

A patient has come to the physician’s office after finding out that her blood glucose level was 135 mg/dL. She states that she had not eaten before the test and was told to come and see her physician. She asks the nurse if she has diabetes. Which reply is the most accurate nursing response?

“That test indicates that we need to perform more tests that are specific for diabetes.”

A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse why she has to take a pill instead of insulin. The nurse explains that in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body still makes insulin. Which other information is pertinent for the nurse to relay?

The cells become resistant to the action of insulin. Pills are given to increase the sensitivity.

A patient tells a nurse that she eats “huge” amounts of food but stays hungry most of the time. Which explanation should the nurse provide as the cause of hunger experienced by persons with type 1 diabetes?

Fact that the cells cannot use the blood glucose

Which process does the lack of insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes cause that increases the risk for cardiovascular disorders?

Increased fatty acid levels

The self-care goal of a patient with diabetes is to keep the blood sugar within normal limits. Which factor causes hyperglycemia to occur?

The body responds to glucose -starved tissues by changing stored glycogen into glucose.

A young patient complains that diabetes is causing her to “have no life at all. It’s too hard.” Which is the most helpful response by the nurse?

“Let’s talk about what makes it so hard.”

When a patient with type 2 diabetes says, “Why in the world are they looking at my hemoglobin? I thought my problem was with my blood sugar.” Which information should the nurse explain about the level of hemoglobin A1c?

Shows what the glucose level has done during the past 3 months

A patient with type 2 diabetes shows a blood sugar reading of 68 at 6 AM. Which action should the nurse implement based on the reading of 72 mg/dL?

Give him 8 oz of skim milk.

A nurse assigned to care for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is aware that this is a life-threatening condition. Which result is attributed to DKA?

Disorder of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins metabolism

A patient has been admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of DKA. Which vital signs should a nurse anticipate that the patient will exhibit?

Temperature, 97.4° F; pulse, 110 beats/min; respirations, 26 breaths/min and deep

A home health care nurse is assessing a patient with type 1 diabetes who has been controlled for 6 months. The nurse is surprised and concerned about a blood glucose reading of 52 mg/dL. Which action by this patient most likely caused this episode of hypoglycemia?

A 2-hour long exercise class at the spa this morning

Which guideline should be included as part of a teaching plan in preparation for discharge of a patient with type 1 diabetes needing guidelines for exercise?

Exercise should be performed daily at the same time of day and at the same intensity.

A nurse preparing to administer insulin to a patient who has type 1 diabetes. The physician has prescribed two types of insulin, 10 U of regular insulin and 35 U of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. Which procedure is appropriate for the nurse to follow when preparing these medications?

Inject 35 U air into the NPH insulin, inject 10 U air into the regular insulin, withdraw 10 U of the regular insulin, and withdraw 35 U of the NPH insulin.

A patient has come into the emergency department accompanied by a friend who states that the patient had been acting very strangely and seems confused. The friend states that the patient has diabetes and takes insulin. Which signs of hypoglycemia might the nurse assess?

Irritability, anxiety, confusion, and dizziness

A nurse is formulating a teaching plan for a 22-year-old woman taking rosiglitazone (Avandia). Which information should the nurse include in this plan to caution the patient?

Decreased effectiveness of her birth control pills

A patient with type 1 diabetes has an insulin order for NPH insulin, 35 U, to be given at 0700. The patient has also been instructed not to take anything by mouth (NPO) in preparation for laboratory work that will not be drawn until 1000. Which action should the nurse implement?

Hold the insulin until after the blood draw.

A patient with type 1 diabetes asks why his 0700 insulin has been changed from NPH insulin to 70/30 premixed insulin. Which reply is the best explanation by the nurse that explains about 70/30 insulin mixture?

It makes insulin administration easier and safer.

Which intervention should a nurse include when drawing up a patient’s diabetes teaching plan?

Develop an exercise plan because regular exercise helps control blood glucose levels.

Which situation has most likely occurred in a patient who has been diagnosed with endogenous hypoglycemia?

Excessive secretion of insulin or an increase in glucose metabolism

Which time correctly identifies how long it takes for Humulin R 20 units to peak?

2 hours

A nurse suspects that a patient with type 1 diabetes may be experiencing the Somogyi phenomenon. Which symptom supports this suspicion?

Headache on awakening and enuresis

Which information should a teaching plan about foot care include for a patient with diabetes? (Select all that apply.)

Wash and carefully dry the feet every day., Protect the feet from extreme temperatures., Buy shoes that are comfortable and supportive.

A teaching plan for a patient with diabetes is focused on smoking cessation and the control of hypertension for the avoidance of microvascular complications. Which disease processes are examples of microvascular complications? (Select all that apply.)

Macular degeneration, End-stage renal disease (ESRD)

Which statement(s) describe the Whipple triad? (Select all that apply.)

Symptoms of hypoglycemia are present., Low blood glucose levels are documented when symptoms are present., Symptoms improved when the blood glucose level rises.

A nurse reminds a patient with type I diabetes to rotate the insulin injection sites to prevent _________.

lipohypertrophy

A nurse explains that type 1 diabetes mellitus is a disease in which the body does not produce enough insulin. What is the reason that the blood glucose is elevated?

destruction of beta cells in the pancreas

A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse why she has to take a pill instead of insulin. The nurse explains that in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the body still makes insulin. What other information is pertinent for the nurse to relay?

The cells become resistant to the action of insulin. Pills are given to increase the sensitivity.

What does the lack of insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes cause that increases the risk for cardiovascular disorders?

Increased fatty acid levels

The self-care goal of a patient with diabetes is to keep the blood sugar within normal limits. What causes hyperglycemia to occur?

The body responds to glucose-starved tissues by changing stored glycogen into glucose.

A young patient complains that diabetes is causing her to "have no life at all. It's too hard." What is the most helpful response by the nurse?

Let's talk about what makes it so hard.

When a patient with type 2 diabetes says, "Why in the world are they looking at my hemoglobin? I thought my problem was with my blood sugar." What should the nurse explain about the level of hemoglobin A1c?

Shows what the glucose level has done during the past 3 months

A patient with type 2 diabetes shows a blood sugar reading of 68 at 6 AM. What action should the nurse implement based on the reading of 72 mg/dL?

Give him 8 oz of skim milk.

A nurse assigned to care for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is aware that this is a life-threatening condition. What will DKA result in?

Disorder of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins metabolism

A patient has been admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of DKA. What vital signs should a nurse anticipate that the patient will exhibit?

Temperature, 97.4° F; pulse, 110 beats/min; respirations, 26 breaths/min and deep

A home health care nurse is assessing a patient with type 1 diabetes who has been controlled for 6 months. The nurse is surprised and concerned about a blood glucose reading of 52 mg/dL. What action by this patient most likely caused this episode of hypoglycemia?

A 2-hour long exercise class at the spa this morning

As part of a teaching plan in preparation for discharge, a patient with type 1 diabetes needs guidelines for exercise. Which guideline should be included?

Exercise should be performed daily at the same time of day and at the same intensity.

Irritability, anxiety, confusion, and dizziness

A patient has come to the physician's office after finding out that her blood glucose level was 135 mg/dL. She states that she had not eaten before the test and was told to come and see her physician. She asks the nurse if she has diabetes. What is the most accurate nursing response?

"That test indicates that we need to perform more tests that are specific for diabetes."

A nurse is formulating a teaching plan for a 22-year-old woman taking rosiglitazone (Avandia). What should the nurse include information about in this plan to caution this patient?

Decreased effectiveness of her birth control pills

Hold the insulin until after the blood draw.

A patient comes to the diabetes clinic and confides to the nurse that she does not follow the diet exchange program that she was given. What is the best response by the nurse?

"Okay. Let's talk about what you do eat and drink and how you manage your diabetes."

A patient with type 1 diabetes asks why his 0700 insulin has been changed from NPH insulin to 70/30 premixed insulin. What is the best explanation by the nurse that explains about 70/30 insulin mixture?

It makes insulin administration easier and safer.

What should a nurse include when drawing up a patient's diabetes teaching plan?

Develop an exercise plan because regular exercise helps control blood glucose levels.

What has most likely occurred in a patient who has been diagnosed with endogenous hypoglycemia?

Excessive secretion of insulin or an increase in glucose metabolism

How long does it take for Humulin R 20 units to peak?

2 hours

A nurse suspects that a patient with type 1 diabetes may be experiencing the Somogyi phenomenon. What symptom supports this suspicion?

Headache on awakening and enuresis

A patient has been admitted with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS). The blood glucose level is very high (880 mg/dL) on admission. The physician believes that the condition is the result of large amounts of glucose solutions administered intravenously (IV) during renal dialysis. What should the nurse anticipate that the patient would exhibit?

Severe dehydration and hypernatremia caused by the hyperglycemia

What are functional causes of hypoglycemia? (Select all that apply.)

Dumping syndrome, Addison disease, Prolonged muscular exercise

What should a teaching plan about foot care include for a patient with diabetes? (Select all that apply.)

Wash and carefully dry the feet every day., Protect the feet from extreme temperatures., Buy shoes that are comfortable and supportive.

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