sts half

75問 • 1年前

問題一覧

also referred to as science and technology studies, is the study of how social, political, and cultural values affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society.

Science technology and society

refers to the interaction between science and technology and social cultural, political and economic contexts which shape and are shaped by them; specific examples throughout human history of scientific and technological developmentsrefers to the interaction between science and technology and social cultural, political and economic contexts which shape and are shaped by them; specific examples throughout human history of scientific and technological developments

Science, technology and society

systematized body of knowledge

science

results of scientific inquiry; hardware produced by a scientist

technology as material products

Technology is a complex system of knowledge, skills, people, methods, tools, materials and resources applied and allocated to the development, operation and production of a new or improved product, process or services.

technology as social enterprise

is all about everything around us. It means that it includes scientific ideas, research, experiments and computations that can create technologies.

science and technology

the concept of inventing it came during 3500 B.C. Humans were severely limited in how much stuff they could transport over land, and how far.

wheel

The Chinese invented the first it sometime between the 9th and 11th century;. It enabled mariners to navigate safely far from land, increasing sea trade and contributing to the Age of Discovery Made of lodestone , a naturally-magnetized iron ore,

compass

A german who invented____ in 1440 .He was the first to have created a mechanized process that transferred the ink (which he made from linseed oil and soot) from the movable type to paper.

printing press, johannes gutenburg

In these engines, the combustion of fuel releases a high-temperature gas, which, as it expands applies force to a piston, moving it. The engine steered in the Industrial Age. - convert chemical energy to mechanical work

the internal combustion engine

was the first to be awarded a patent for the electric telephone in 1876.

alexander grahambell

Though several inventors did pioneering work on electronic voice transmission, the invention quickly took off, and revolutionized global business and communication.

telephone

in 1962, Scottish scientist, noticed a bacteria-filled Petri dish in his laboratory and the sample had contaminated with a mold.

alexander fleming

And that antibiotic mold turned out to be the fungus

pencillium

is the global system of interconnected computer networks used by billions of people worldwide.

internet

In the 1960s, a team of computer scientist working for the U.S. Defense Department’s ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) built a communication network to connect the computers in the agency,

ARPANET

It used a method of data transmission called “packet switching”. It was the predecessor of the Internet that eventually emerged to become the “Information Superhighway”

ARPANET

These are sustainable technologies. This technology utilizes resources from the environment without causing negative effects to it

eco-friendly technologies

use of solar panels to provide electricity

solar energy

wind mills as source of energy

wind power

were able to discover and invent tools and methods as science developed and progressed.

ancient humans

existed long before the written word, there was no historical evidences of how people lived then because written records of any kind dated only in about 5,000 BC.

mankind

Discovery of_____ that led to pottery and mud brick houses; first known pottery was in ____ around 10,000 B.С.

mud plaster, japan

recognition and observation of new objects

discovery

mental process wherein man’s various discoveries, observation and experience are put together to produce new ways (operation) and means (tools) of obtaining things (usefu

invention

pebble tool traditions, bi-facial tool, or hand axe-traditions, flake tool traditions , and blade tool traditions

paleolithic

making of oldest stone tools (Oldowan toolkit) consists of a. hammer stones b. stone cores c. sharp stone flakes

oldowan toolkit

large cutting tools like hand-axes

acheulean

includes points(pointed) to make spears -Stone awls to perforate hides and scrapers needles and threads, skin clothing, harpoon, -fishing equipment

mesolithic

was characterized primarily by herding societies, as well as bronze smelting, adoption of agriculture, the shift from food gathering to food producing development of pottery using sediments and clay.

neolithic

This period is marked with the beginning of mining and metallurgy. ____ denotes the first period in which metal was used, man began smelting copper and alloying with tin or arsenic to make bronze tools and weapons.

bronze age

2.5 million to 10,000 years ago -Stone Age people lived as nomads -Sheltered under rock overhangs or in caves -Hunter-gatherers

paleolithic era

-The cradle of the world’s earliest known civilization -First established in the region in about 3600 BC -“First cities in the world” -Transformed families intro tribes that occupied territories-cities-states

sumerian, sumer

The first writing system

cuneiform

contains the Sumerian historical information and culture. It began as record keeping for trade and evolved into the use of symbols for writing down laws and stories.

sumerian clay tablet

actually grew out of a mechanical device that the Sumerians had invented shortly after 3500 B.C. the potter's wheel. The Sumerians simply turn this clay-splattered wheel on its end and hook it to a wagon to make a wheel as a means of practical method for moving heavy objects from one location to another.

concept of the wheel

was also first invented by Ancient Mesopotamia. Five thousand years ago Mesopotamians started using sailing boats.

sailboat

The Sumerians were among the_____mapping the movement of stars, planets and moon into sets of constellations, many of which survived in the zodiac and were also recognized by the ancient Greeks

first astronomers

building the foundations of logic, mathematics, engineering, architecture, agriculture, transportation and medicine;

sumerians

system of counting in units of 60 which served as the basis of 360 degree circle and the 60 minute hour

sexagesimal

first capital, commercial and religious center in the Tigris-Euphrates valley

babylonia

the first leader of the old Babylonian Empire,

hammurabi

New Babylonian Emperor who ordered the “hanging garden of Babylons” and the Isthar Gate

nebuchadnezzar ll

situated in the northeastern part of the African continent

egyptian civilization

is located along the Nile River which provided a fertile delta.

egypt

gave life to the civilization of Egypt.

nile river

Egyptian writing wrote with ink and brushes on paper made of Are Reeds which grew in the marshy Nile delta

papyrus

their writing was in the form of pictorial symbols known as priest-carvings” or “sacred writings”.

hieroglyphics

Their knowledge of human anatomy, physiology, surgery and medical plants enabled them to master the art and science of _____ their dead.

embambling

Created the ____ based on the phases of the moon, consisting of 29 and days.

calendar

The first 365-day calendar was devised by _____, early in the Old Kingdom. phases of moon

IMHOTEP

___still stand today as the monumental evidence of the scientific expertise and technical skills of the ancient Egyptians in geometry, engineering, architecture and labor management.

pyramids

Pyramid monuments

Giza Necropolis and its Great Sphinx, as well as the Ruins of Memphis, and the Valley of the Kings,

is the oldest of the ancient wonders and the only one still in existence.

giza necropolis

Immense Egyptian structures built to serve as a final resting place for the Pharaohs and their families.(“mountain of God”)

pyramid

A process of slowly drying a dead body to prevent it from rotting. The process was commonly used in Egypt for Pharaohs and members of the royal family to prepare them for the afterlife.

mummification

Located between Turkey, Egypt, and Greece -“the first link to in the European chain”

cretan

were a mercantile people engaged in overseas trade-tin, alloyed with copper

minoans

one of the largest eruption in human history

theran eruption

used as a writing medium

clay tablets

tall, four-sided, narrow tapering monument which ends in a pyramid-like shape at the top.

Obelisk

shadow clock used by Egyptian, tell time by means of the shadow casted by the object as reflected by the sun

sundial

a shadow producing device

Gnomon

is a country in Southern Europe located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Its mainland is located at the southernmost tip of the Balkan Peninsula

greece

Made of iodstone

compass

THE PERIOD OF PREHISTORY THAT BEGINS WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF STONE TOOLS

stone age

-EARLY HOMINIDS DEVELOPED INTO

homi sapiens

Stones chipped to make points *Wood and bone tools *Nets from plant fibers and animal sinew

paleolithic

Polished stones to make points *More specialized tools: -chisels

neolithic tools

adoption of iron smelting technology (ferrous metallurgy from carbon steel) -iron were stronger and cheaper to make than bronze equivalents

iron age

Mesopotamia () B.Egypt () C.China ( D.India

tigris-euphrates nile huang ho valley

-They were among the first to extract gold by large-scale mining using fire-setting, and the first recognizable map.

egyptians

-Located between Turkey, Egypt, and Greece

cretan

Literally means wedge shaped

cuneiform

Arpa

advanced research project agency

M#5 Section and Title v2

ユーザ名非公開 · 32問 · 13日前

M#5 Section and Title v2